Juçara (Euterpe edulis Martius) improves time-to-exhaustion cycling performance and increased reduced glutathione: A randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover, and triple-blind study

Purpose: To examine the effects of 7-days juçara powder intake on oxidative stress biomarkers and endurance and sprint cycling performances. Methods: In a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover, and triple-blind study, 20 male trained cyclists were assigned to intake 10 g of juçara powder (JP) (240 mg anthocyanins) or placebo (PLA) for 7-days and performed a cycling time-to-exhaustion (TTE) A 5 s cycling sprint was performed before and after the cycling TTE. Blood oxidative stress biomarkers and lactate concentration where evaluated 1 hour before (T-1), immediately after (T0), and 1 hour after (T1) the cycling TTE. Results: The mean duration time for the cycling TTE was 8.4 ± 6.0% (63 ± 17 s) longer in the JP condition (JP: 751 ± 283 s) compared to PLA (688 ± 266 s) (P < 0.019). Two-way repeated measures ANOVA showed an increase in the JP condition for reduced glutathione (GSH) (P = 0.049) at T0 (P = 0.039) and T1 (P = 0.029) compared to PLA with a moderate effect size at T0 (d = 0.61) and T1 (d = 0.57). Blood lactate levels increased over time in both conditions (P ≤ 0.001). No differences were observed for the post-TTE sprint fatigue index, total phenols, protein carbonyls, and glutathione peroxidase activity. Conclusions: Seven-day intake of JP improved cycling endurance performance and increased GSH levels but had no effect on lactate and cycling sprint-induced fatigue

Impact of safety-related dose reductions or discontinuations on sustained virologic response in HCV-infected patients: Results from the GUARD-C Cohort

BACKGROUND: Despite the introduction of direct-acting antiviral agents for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, peginterferon alfa/ribavirin remains relevant in many resource-constrained settings. The non-randomized GUARD-C cohort investigated baseline predictors of safety-related dose reductions or discontinuations (sr-RD) and their impact on sustained virologic response (SVR) in patients receiving peginterferon alfa/ribavirin in routine practice. METHODS: A total of 3181 HCV-mono-infected treatment-naive patients were assigned to 24 or 48 weeks of peginterferon alfa/ribavirin by their physician. Patients were categorized by time-to-first sr-RD (Week 4/12). Detailed analyses of the impact of sr-RD on SVR24 (HCV RNA <50 IU/mL) were conducted in 951 Caucasian, noncirrhotic genotype (G)1 patients assigned to peginterferon alfa-2a/ribavirin for 48 weeks. The probability of SVR24 was identified by a baseline scoring system (range: 0-9 points) on which scores of 5 to 9 and <5 represent high and low probability of SVR24, respectively. RESULTS: SVR24 rates were 46.1% (754/1634), 77.1% (279/362), 68.0% (514/756), and 51.3% (203/396), respectively, in G1, 2, 3, and 4 patients. Overall, 16.9% and 21.8% patients experienced 651 sr-RD for peginterferon alfa and ribavirin, respectively. Among Caucasian noncirrhotic G1 patients: female sex, lower body mass index, pre-existing cardiovascular/pulmonary disease, and low hematological indices were prognostic factors of sr-RD; SVR24 was lower in patients with 651 vs. no sr-RD by Week 4 (37.9% vs. 54.4%; P = 0.0046) and Week 12 (41.7% vs. 55.3%; P = 0.0016); sr-RD by Week 4/12 significantly reduced SVR24 in patients with scores <5 but not 655. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, sr-RD to peginterferon alfa-2a/ribavirin significantly impacts on SVR24 rates in treatment-naive G1 noncirrhotic Caucasian patients. Baseline characteristics can help select patients with a high probability of SVR24 and a low probability of sr-RD with peginterferon alfa-2a/ribavirin

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research

Fruto Juçara (Euterpe edulis Martius): efeito da ingestão sobre biomarcadores do estresse oxidativo, fadiga e desempenho em ciclistas treinados

Apresentação relatório PIBIC (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Curso de Graduação em Farmácia.O fruto juçara provém da palmeira Euterpe edulis Martius (Arecaceae), palmeira tropical nativa da Mata Atlântica. A presença de ácidos graxos monoinsaturados e compostos bioativos, especialmente antocianinas, é o que chama a atenção dentre as propriedades nutricionais do fruto juçara. As antocianinas são associadas a benefícios para saúde, reduzindo o estresse oxidativo e fadiga e melhorando o desempenho. O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do consumo do fruto juçara em pó, por sete dias, sobre biomarcadores de estresse oxidativo, fadiga e desempenho em ciclistas treinados. Em um ensaio clínico randomizado, placebo controlado, cruzado e triplo cego, 20 ciclistas treinados consumiram 10g de fruto juçara em pó (240 mg de antocianinas) ou placebo durante sete dias. Amostras de sangue venoso e capilar foram coletadas para avaliar os biomarcadores de estresse oxidativo e o lactato sanguíneo, respectivamente. Um sprint foi realizado para avaliar o índice de fadiga. O tempo médio de duração do teste até a exaustão foi 8,4 ± 6,0% (63 ± 17 s) maior no grupo fruto juçara em pó (751 ± 283 s) comparado ao grupo placebo (688 ± 266 s) P < 0,019. A análise de variância para medidas repetidas de duas vias mostrou um aumento de glutationa reduzida (GSH) (P = 0,049) em T0 (P = 0,039) e T1 (P = 0,029) no grupo fruto juçara em pó em comparação com o grupo placebo. Um tamanho de efeito moderado foi observado na GSH em T0 (d = 0,61) e T1 (d = 0,57). O consumo do fruto melhorou o desempenho e aumentou as concentrações de GSH, mas não teve efeito sobre lactato, fadiga, fenóis totais, proteínas carboniladas e glutationa peroxidase. O maior tempo do teste até a exaustão no grupo fruto juçara em pó indica um adiamento da contribuição dos mecanismos de fadiga. Dentre as atividades realizadas pela bolsista destacam-se: treinamento de técnicas, levantamento bibliográfico, coletas sanguíneas dos participantes, preparação de reagentes e análises dos biomarcadores de estresse oxidativo

Elaboração de material informativo sobre cuidados nutricionais para mulheres com câncer de mama

O objetivo deste trabalho foi elaborar um material informativo sobre cuidados nutricionais após o tratamento antineoplásico, vinculado ao projeto de extensão intitulado �Cuidados Nutricionais no período de tratamento antineoplásico de mulheres com câncer de mama�. Esse material foi entregue às mulheres atendidas no Ambulatório de Mastologia da Maternidade Carmela Dutra, no período de setembro a dezembro de 2008. Foi confeccionado um folder informativo e ilustrativo com informações relacionadas aos cuidados nutricionais após o término do tratamento, como forma de prevenção à recidiva da doença. O material contém orientações básicas, focalizando a importância do aumento no consumo de frutas, verduras, alimentos ricos em fibras e nutrientes antioxidantes e a redução no consumo de alimentos ricos em gordura e/ou processados. Ademais, este material enfatiza a importância da adoção à prática de atividade física regular para controle e/ou redução do peso corporal. As informações foram elaboradas de forma simplificada, a fim de facilitar o entendimento do público-alvo

ELABORATION OF NA INFORMATIVE MATERIAL WITH NUTRITIONAL GUIDANCES FOR WOMANS DIAGNOSED WITH BREAST CANCER

This project´s goal is to elaborate an informative material with nutritional guidances after the antineoplastic treatment for womans diagnosed with breast cancer who attended at the ambulatory of mastology at Maternidade Carmela Dutra within the period of september until december of 2008. An informative and illustrated folder was designed with nutritional guidances for the time after the end of the treatment, as a way of preventing the disease to happen again. The material has basic instructions, focusing on the importance of eating more fruits, vegetables, whole foods, rich on fibers and antioxidants, and reduction on the consumption of food rich on saturated fat and cholesterol. In addition to, this material emphasizes the importance of the adoption of regular physical activity to control and/or reduce body weight. The informations were elaborated in a simpler way, due to facilitate the understanding of the audience

Cáncer de mama en el sur de brasil : asociación con la ingestión pasada

Objective: To determine possible associations between the risk of breast cancer in Brazilian women and demographic, social and economical variables, and past dietary intake. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil, between june and november 2003 involving a group of 33 women recently diagnosed with breast cancer and a control group of 33 healthy women volunteers. Personal details, health history and past dietary intake were obtained via questionnaires and interviews. Data between groups were compared using χ2, Fisher, and Student’s t test, whilst associations were evaluated using a non-conditional logistic regression method and odds ratio (OR). Results: Statistically significant differences between the two groups were revealed with respect to age distribution (P = 0.007), family income level (P = 0.02), educational level (P 45 years), low family income ( 45 años), los ingresos familiares bajos (< 520$/mes), el nivel educativo bajo (escolaridad primaria o inferior) y el consumo pasado habitual de grase de cerdo y carne grasa podrían ser factores de riesgo asociados con un aumento del riesgo de padecer cáncer de mama