Multilocular Cystic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Report Of 45 Cases Of A Kidney Tumor Of Low Malignant Potential

The 2004 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of kidney tumors recognizes multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma (MCRCC) as a rare variant of clear cell renal cell carcinoma with a good prognosis. Available information on its clinical significance is limited. The study cohort included 45 MCRCC cases classified according to 2004 WHO criteria obtained through a multi-institutional international search. Most patients had unilateral MCRCC with no side predominance that was found incidentally; 62% were men, but women had tumors at an earlier age (P = .385). MCRCC occurred slightly more often in men than in women (1.7:1). At diagnosis, 82% of patients had stage T1 and 16%, stage 72; 1 patient had stage T3. The Fuhrman grade was 1 (62%) or 2 (38%), with smaller tumors (≤4 cm) most likely Fuhrman grade 1 (P = .911). All 45 patients were alive with no evidence of disease at mean follow-up of 66.1 months, confirming an extremely good prognosis after surgery and a 5-year disease-specific survival rate of 100%. To rename this tumor as multilocular cystic renal cell neoplasm of low malignant potential might help urologists approach the patients conservatively. © American Society for Clinical Pathology.1252217222Eble, J.N., Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma (2004) Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Urinary System and Male Genital Organs, , Eble JN, Sauter G, Epstein JI, et al, eds. Lyon, France: IARC Press. 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Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma - A report of 45 cases of a kidney tumor of low malignant potential

The 2004 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of kidney tumors recognizes multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma (MCRCC) as a rare variant of clear cell renal cell carcinoma with a good prognosis. Available information on its clinical significance is limited. The study cohort included 45 MCRCC cases classified according to 2004 WHO criteria obtained through a multi-institutional international search. Most patients had unilateral MCRCC with no side predominance that was found incidentally; 62% were men, but women had tumors at an earlier age (P = .385). MCRCC occurred slightly more often in men than in women (1.7:1). At diagnosis, 82% of patients had stage T1 and 16%, stage T2; 1 patient had stage T3. The Fuhrman grade was 1 (62%) or 2 (38%), with smaller tumors (<or=4 cm) most likely Fuhrman grade 1 (P = .911). All 45 patients were alive with no evidence of disease at mean follow-up of 66.1 months, confirming an extremely good prognosis after surgery and a 5-year disease-specific survival rate of 100%. To rename this tumor as multilocular cystic renal cell neoplasm of low malignant potential might help urologists approach the patients conservatively

Kidney cancer PDOXs reveal patient‐specific pro‐malignant effects of antiangiogenics and its molecular traits

Abstract An open debate in antiangiogenic therapies is about their consequence on tumor invasiveness and metastasis, which is undoubtedly relevant for patients currently treated with antiangiogenics, such as renal cell carcinoma patients. To address, this we developed an extensive series of 27 patient biopsy‐derived orthotopic xenograft models (Ren‐PDOX) that represent inter‐patient heterogeneity. In specific tumors, antiangiogenics produced increased invasiveness and metastatic dissemination, while in others aggressiveness remained unchanged. Mechanistically, species‐discriminative RNA sequencing identified a tumor cell‐specific differential expression profile associated with tumor progression and aggressivity in TCGA RCC patients. Gene filtering using an invasion‐annotated patient series pinpointed two candidate genes, of which ALDH1A3 differentiated the pro‐invasive subtype of Ren‐PDOXs. Validation in an independent series of 15 antiangiogenic‐treated patients confirmed that pre‐treatment ALDH1A3 can significantly discriminate patients with pro‐aggressive response upon treatment. Overall, results confirm that effects of antiangiogenic drugs on tumor invasion and metastasis are heterogeneous and may profoundly affect the natural progression of tumors and promote malignancy. Furthermore, we identify a specific molecular biomarker that could be used to select patients that better benefit from treatment

Gaia Data Release 2. Observational Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams

International audienceWe highlight the power of the Gaia DR2 in studying many fine structures of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (HRD). Gaia allows us to present many different HRDs, depending in particular on stellar population selections. We do not aim here for completeness in terms of types of stars or stellar evolutionary aspects. Instead, we have chosen several illustrative examples. We describe some of the selections that can be made in Gaia DR2 to highlight the main structures of the Gaia HRDs. We select both field and cluster (open and globular) stars, compare the observations with previous classifications and with stellar evolutionary tracks, and we present variations of the Gaia HRD with age, metallicity, and kinematics. Late stages of stellar evolution such as hot subdwarfs, post-AGB stars, planetary nebulae, and white dwarfs are also analysed, as well as low-mass brown dwarf objects. The Gaia HRDs are unprecedented in both precision and coverage of the various Milky Way stellar populations and stellar evolutionary phases. Many fine structures of the HRDs are presented. The clear split of the white dwarf sequence into hydrogen and helium white dwarfs is presented for the first time in an HRD. The relation between kinematics and the HRD is nicely illustrated. Two different populations in a classical kinematic selection of the halo are unambiguously identified in the HRD. Membership and mean parameters for a selected list of open clusters are provided. They allow drawing very detailed cluster sequences, highlighting fine structures, and providing extremely precise empirical isochrones that will lead to more insight in stellar physics. Gaia DR2 demonstrates the potential of combining precise astrometry and photometry for large samples for studies in stellar evolution and stellar population and opens an entire new area for HRD-based studies