Anemia prevalence in women of reproductive age in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2018

Anemia is a globally widespread condition in women and is associated with reduced economic productivity and increased mortality worldwide. Here we map annual 2000–2018 geospatial estimates of anemia prevalence in women of reproductive age (15–49 years) across 82 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), stratify anemia by severity and aggregate results to policy-relevant administrative and national levels. Additionally, we provide subnational disparity analyses to provide a comprehensive overview of anemia prevalence inequalities within these countries and predict progress toward the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target (WHO GNT) to reduce anemia by half by 2030. Our results demonstrate widespread moderate improvements in overall anemia prevalence but identify only three LMICs with a high probability of achieving the WHO GNT by 2030 at a national scale, and no LMIC is expected to achieve the target in all their subnational administrative units. Our maps show where large within-country disparities occur, as well as areas likely to fall short of the WHO GNT, offering precision public health tools so that adequate resource allocation and subsequent interventions can be targeted to the most vulnerable populations.Peer reviewe

The detection of the early stages of fire

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:DXN009545 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Non-uniqueness results for critical metrics of regularized determinants in four dimensions

The regularized determinant of the Paneitz operator arises in quantum gravity [see Connes in (Noncommutative geometry, 1994), IV.4.γ]. An explicit formula for the relative determinant of two conformally related metrics was computed by Branson in (Commun Math Phys 178:301–309, 1996). A similar formula holds for Cheeger’s half-torsion, which plays a role in self-dual field theory [see Juhl in (Families of conformally covariant differential operators, q-curvature and holography. Progress in Mathematics, vol 275, 2009)], and is defined in terms of regularized determinants of the Hodge laplacian on p-forms (p < n/2). In this article we show that the corresponding actions are unbounded (above and below) on any conformal four-manifold. We also show that the conformal class of the round sphere admits a second solution which is not given by the pull-back of the round metric by a conformal map, thus violating uniqueness up to gauge equivalence