PETROGRAPHY AND MINERALOGY OF RETROGRADE METAPERIDOTITES FROM ALAG KHADNY ACCRETIONARY WEDGE (SW MONGOLIA): FLUID MODIFICATION IN SUPRASUBDUCTION ZONE

The Main Mongolian Lineament (MML) separates northern “Caledonian” tectonic province from southern “Hercynian” in SW part of Mongolia of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). The position of Eastern part of MML is widely discussed at recent time, since, this is an important for reconstruction of geodynamic evolution of this region. Some researchers suggest that ophiolite from the Erdene Uul and Maykhan Tsakhir Uul mountain ranges are Eastern part of an ophiolitic nappe system thrust northwards over the Dzabkhan-Baydrag continent, namely the Khantaishir and the Dariv ophiolites [Štípská et al., 2010; Buriánek et al., 2017]. Others have a different view, they suggest that investigated ophiolites refers to Gobi-Altai ophiolite system (523±5 – 518±6 Ma), which likely formed in front of the Gobi Altai microcontinent by initiation of a new southdipping subduction zone following arc–microcontinent collision in Northwest Mongolia [Jian et al., 2014]. However, ophiolites of this critical region of Mongolian the CAOB have not been investigated in detail.The Main Mongolian Lineament (MML) separates northern “Caledonian” tectonic province from southern “Hercynian” in SW part of Mongolia of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). The position of Eastern part of MML is widely discussed at recent time, since, this is an important for reconstruction of geodynamic evolution of this region. Some researchers suggest that ophiolite from the Erdene Uul and Maykhan Tsakhir Uul mountain ranges are Eastern part of an ophiolitic nappe system thrust northwards over the Dzabkhan-Baydrag continent, namely the Khantaishir and the Dariv ophiolites [Štípská et al., 2010; Buriánek et al., 2017]. Others have a different view, they suggest that investigated ophiolites refers to Gobi-Altai ophiolite system (523±5 – 518±6 Ma), which likely formed in front of the Gobi Altai microcontinent by initiation of a new southdipping subduction zone following arc–microcontinent collision in Northwest Mongolia [Jian et al., 2014]. However, ophiolites of this critical region of Mongolian the CAOB have not been investigated in detail

A global optimization approach to fractional optimal control

In this paper, we consider a fractional optimal control problem governed by system of linear differential equations, where its cost function is expressed as the ratio of convex and concave functions. The problem is a hard nonconvex optimal control problem and application of Pontriyagin's principle does not always guarantee finding a global optimal control. Even this type of problems in a finite dimensional space is known as NP hard. This optimal control problem can, in principle, be solved by Dinkhelbach algorithm [10]. However, it leads to solving a sequence of hard D.C programming problems in its finite dimensional analogy. To overcome this difficulty, we introduce a reachable set for the linear system. In this way, the problem is reduced to a quasiconvex maximization problem in a finite dimensional space. Based on a global optimality condition, we propose an algorithm for solving this fractional optimal control problem and we show that the algorithm generates a sequence of local optimal controls with improved cost values. The proposed algorithm is then applied to several test problems, where the global optimal cost value is obtained for each case

Doubly resonant WW plus jet signatures at the LHC

We present search prospects and phenomenology of doubly resonant signals that come from the decay of a neutral weak-singlet color-octet vector state \omega_8 into a lighter weak-triplet color-octet scalar \pi_8, which can arise in several theories beyond the Standard Model. Taking m_{\omega_8}-m_{\pi_8}>m_W, we demonstrate an analysis of the signals pp \to \omega_8 \to \pi^\pm_8 W^\mp (\pi^0_8 Z) \to g W^\pm W^\mp (g Z Z). The present 8 TeV LHC run is found to have the potential to exclude or discover the signal for a range of masses and parameters. The preferred search channel has a boosted W-tagged jet forming a resonance with a second hard jet, in association with a lepton and missing energy.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures; references update

MSSM in view of PAMELA and Fermi-LAT

We take the MSSM as a complete theory of low energy phenomena, including neutrino masses and mixings. This immediately implies that the gravitino is the only possible dark matter candidate. We study the implications of the astrophysical experiments such as PAMELA and Fermi-LAT, on this scenario. The theory can account for both the realistic neutrino masses and mixings, and the PAMELA data as long as the slepton masses lie in the $500-10^6$TeV range. The squarks can be either light or heavy, depending on their contribution to radiative neutrino masses. On the other hand, the Fermi-LAT data imply heavy superpartners, all out of LHC reach, simply on the grounds of the energy scale involved, for the gravitino must weigh more than 2 TeV. The perturbativity of the theory also implies an upper bound on its mass, approximately $6-7$TeV.Comment: Published version, figures update

LHC Test of CDF WjjWjj anomaly

We discuss a test of the CDF dijet anomaly at the LHC. The recent observed dijet mass peak at the CDF is well fitted by a new particle with a mass of around 150 GeV, which decays into two jets. In this paper, we focus on only $Wjj$ signal to avoid model dependence, and comprehensively study the LHC discovery/exclusion reach. We found almost all the models are inconsistent with the result of the LHC, unless only valence quarks contribute the new process. We also discuss further prospects of the LHC search for this anomaly.Comment: 21 pages, 2 figures, 17 tables; v4:typos are correcte

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication