Mapping the scientific research on the negative aspects of the medical school learning environment

Objective: We sought to understand the landscape of published articles regarding medical schools’ learning environments (LE) world-wide, with an explicit focus on potentially negative aspects of the LE as an effort to identify areas specifically in need of remediation or intervention that could prevent future unprofessional behaviours, burnout, violence and mistreatment among students and physicians. Methods: A bibliometric analysis was conducted in six electronic databases (PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, ERIC-ProQuest and PsycINFO) through December 31, 2016, including 12 themes: learning environment – general, hidden curriculum (negative), unethical behaviours, bullying/hazing, violence, sexual discrimination, homophobia, racism, social discrimina-tion, minorities’ discrimination, professional misconduct, and “other” negative aspects. Results: Of 9,338 articles found, 710 met the inclusion criteria. The most common themes were general LE (233 articles), unprofessional behaviours (91 articles), and sexual discrim-ination (80 articles). Approximately 80% of articles were published in the 21st century. Conclusion: There is a clear increase in scientific articles on negative aspects of the medical school LE in high-quality journals, especially in the 21st century. However, more studies are needed to investigate negative LE aspects with greater attention paid to experimental, longitudinal, and cross-cultural study designs.OBJETIVO: Buscou-se entender o panorama dos artigos publicados sobre os ambientes de aprendizagem (AA) das escolas médicas em todo o mundo, com um foco explícito nos aspectos potencialmente negativos do AA como um esforço para identificar áreas específicamente necessitadas de remediação ou intervenção que poderiam evitar futuros comportamentos não profissionais, violência e maus-tratos entre estudantes e médicos. Métodos: Foi realizada uma análise bibliométrica em seis bases de dados eletrônicas (PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Biblioteca Cochrane, Scopus, Eric-ProQuest e PsycInfo) até 31 de dezembro de 2016, incluindo 12 temas: ambiente de aprendizagem - geral, currículo oculto (negativo), comportamentos antiéticos, bullying/trote, violência, discriminação sexual, homofobia, racismo, discriminação social, discriminação de minorias, má conduta profissional e “outros" aspectos negativos. Resultados: Dos 9.338 artigos encontrados, 710 preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Os temas mais comuns foram LE geral (233 artigos), comportamentos não profissionais (91 artigos) e discriminação sexual (80 artigos). Aproximadamente 80% dos artigos foram publicados no século XXI. Conclusão: Há um claro aumento em artigos científicos sobre aspectos negativos da escola de medicina LE em periódicos de alta qualidade, especialmente no século XXI. No entanto, mais estudos são necessários para investigar aspectos negativos do LE com maior atenção aos desenhos de estudos experimentais, longitudinais e transculturais

Detecção de Escherichia coli e coliformes totais e termotolerantes em sushis comercializados nos shoppings da cidade de Belém

In the metropolitan region of Belém, the consumption of foods from Japanese cuisine has been growing, this is evident from the growth in points selling this product in the city's shopping malls. This has awakened the need to find viable quality control methodologies for this product, in order to avoid outbreaks of food poisoning. The fact that sushi preparation involves extensive manual manipulation and is consumed without heating, presents a high risk of contamination by microorganisms that indicate microbiological contamination. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to detect the presence of Escherichia coli and total and thermotolerant coliforms in sushi sold in shopping malls in the city of Belém. The COLItest® commercial kit was used and it was concluded that 100% of the samples analyzed were if contaminated with total and thermotolerant coliforms.Na região metropolitana de Belém o consumo de alimentos oriundos da culinária japonesa vem crescendo, isso fica evidente pelo crescimento dos pontos de comercialização desse produto pelos shoppings da cidade. Isso tem despertado a necessidade de se encontrar metodologias viáveis de controle de qualidade desse produto, a fim de evitar surtos de toxinfecção alimentar. O fato de o preparo do sushi envolver elevada manipulação manual e ser consumido sem aquecimento, apresenta alto risco de contaminação por micro-organismos indicadores de contaminação microbiológica. Dessa forma, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi detectar a presença de Escherichia coli e coliformes totais e termotolerantes em sushis comercializados nos shoppings da cidade de Belém. Utilizou-se o kit comercial COLItest® e conclui-se que 100% das amostras analisadas encontram-se contaminadas com coliformes totais e termotolerantes

Trastorno de ansiedad generalizada en universitarios brasileños durante la pandemia de COVID-19

Objetivo: este estudo avaliou os níveis de ansiedade de universitários brasileiros durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Metodologia: a escala de Transtorno de Ansiedade Generalizada de 7 itens foi usada para medir os níveis de ansiedade de 1.837 respondentes a um questionário de pesquisa online. Resultados: os participantes foram em sua maioria mulheres de 18 a 27 anos, matriculados em programas de pós-graduação em universidades públicas, morando com pessoas consideradas de risco para COVID-19, e com renda familiar de 1 a 3 salários mínimos. Mais de 75% dos participantes relataram algum nível de ansiedade, com 23,08% relatando níveis graves, enquanto apenas 24,93% apresentaram níveis normais de ansiedade. A regressão logística ordinal identificou que ser mulher jovem de baixa renda pode afetar o nível de ansiedade. Além disso, estudantes da área de humanidades, estudantes bem informados e aqueles em risco de COVID-19 eram significativamente mais propensos a sentir ansiedade. Conclusão: a saúde mental dos universitários brasileiros, particularmente de determinados grupos, foi afetada pela pandemia de COVID-19 e requer atenção e cuidados específicos.Objetivo: este estudio evaluó los niveles de ansiedad de los estudiantes universitarios brasileñosdurante la pandemia de COVID-19. Metodología: se utilizó la Escala de Trastorno de AnsiedadGeneralizada de 7 ítems para medir los niveles de ansiedad de 1837 encuestados en un cuestionariode investigación en línea. Resultados: los participantes fueron en su mayoría mujeres de 18a 27 años de edad, matriculados en programas de posgrado en universidades públicas, queviven con personas consideradas en riesgo de COVID-19, y con 1 a 3 salarios mínimos deingreso familiar. Más del 75% de los participantes informó algún nivel de ansiedad y que el23,08% reportó niveles severos, mientras que solo el 24,93% experimentó niveles normalesde ansiedad. La regresión logística ordinal identificó que ser una mujer joven de bajos ingresospodría afectar el nivel de ansiedad. Además, los estudiantes del campo de las humanidades, losestudiantes bien informados y aquellos en riesgo de COVID-19 tuvieron significativamente másprobabilidades de sufrir ansiedad. Conclusión: la salud mental de los estudiantes universitariosbrasileños, particularmente en ciertos grupos, se vio afectada por la pandemia de COVID-19 yrequiere atención y cuidados específicos.Objective: this study assessed the anxiety levels of Brazilian university students during theCOVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale was used tomeasure the anxiety levels of 1,837 respondents to an online research questionnaire. Results:the participants were mostly women aged from 18 to 27 years old, enrolled in graduate programsat public universities, living with people considered at risk for COVID-19, and earning familyincomes of 1 to 3 minimum wages. More than 75% of the participants reported some level ofanxiety, with 23.08% reporting severe levels, while only 24.93% experienced normal anxietylevels. The ordinal logistic regression identified that being a young woman with a low incomecould affect the anxiety level. Additionally, students from the field of humanities, well-informedstudents and those at risk for COVID-19 were significantly more likely to experience anxiety.Conclusion: the mental health of Brazilian university students, particularly certain groups, wasaffected by the COVID-19 pandemic and requires specific attention and care

A simple architecture with self-assembled monolayers to build immunosensors for detecting the pancreatic cancer biomarker CA19-9

Accepted ManuscriptThe challenge of the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer in routine clinical practice requires low-cost means of detection, and this may be achieved with immunosensors based on electrical or electrochemical principles. In this paper, we report a potentially low-cost immunosensor built with interdigitated gold electrodes coated with a self-assembled monolayer and a layer of anti-CA19-9 antibodies, which is capable of detecting the pancreatic cancer biomarker CA19-9 using electrical impedance spectroscopy. Due to specific, irreversible adsorption of CA19-9 onto its corresponding antibody, according to data from polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS), the immunosensor is highly sensitive and selective. It could detect CA19-9 in commercial samples with a limit of detection of 0.68 U mL−1, in addition to distinguishing between blood serum samples from patients with different concentrations of CA19-9. Furthermore, by treating the capacitance data with information visualization methods, we were able to verify the selectivity and robustness of the immunosensor with regard to false positives, as the samples containing higher CA19-9 concentrations, including those from tumor cells, could be distinguished from those with possible interferents.CAPES, FAPESP (Grant 2013/14262-7 and 2012/15543-7), CNPq (150985/2017-7), nBioNet network and Barretos Cancer Hospital for financial supportinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Measurement of differential cross sections for top quark pair production using the lepton plus jets final state in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV

National Science Foundation (U.S.

Particle-flow reconstruction and global event description with the CMS detector

The CMS apparatus was identified, a few years before the start of the LHC operation at CERN, to feature properties well suited to particle-flow (PF) reconstruction: a highly-segmented tracker, a fine-grained electromagnetic calorimeter, a hermetic hadron calorimeter, a strong magnetic field, and an excellent muon spectrometer. A fully-fledged PF reconstruction algorithm tuned to the CMS detector was therefore developed and has been consistently used in physics analyses for the first time at a hadron collider. For each collision, the comprehensive list of final-state particles identified and reconstructed by the algorithm provides a global event description that leads to unprecedented CMS performance for jet and hadronic tau decay reconstruction, missing transverse momentum determination, and electron and muon identification. This approach also allows particles from pileup interactions to be identified and enables efficient pileup mitigation methods. The data collected by CMS at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV show excellent agreement with the simulation and confirm the superior PF performance at least up to an average of 20 pileup interactions

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good