Use of bioinformatic strategies as a predictive tool in implant-supported oral rehabilitation: a scoping review

Statement of problem: The use of bioinformatic strategies is growing in dental implant protocols. The current expansion of Omics sciences and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms in implant dentistry applications have not been documented and analyzed as a predictive tool for the success of dental implants. Purpose: The purpose of this scoping review was to analyze how artificial intelligence algorithms and Omics technologies are being applied in the field of oral implantology as a predictive tool for dental implant success. Material and methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist was followed. A search strategy was created at PubMed and Web of Science to answer the question “How is bioinformatics being applied in the area of oral implantology as a predictive tool for implant success?” Results: Thirteen articles were included in this review. Only 3 applied bioinformatic models combining AI algorithms and Omics technologies. These studies highlighted 2 key points for the creation of precision medicine: deep population phenotyping and the integration of Omics sciences in clinical protocols. Most of the studies identified applied AI only in the identification and classification of implant systems, quantification of peri-implant bone loss, and 3-dimensional bone analysis, planning implant placement. Conclusions: The conventional criteria currently used as a technique for the diagnosis and monitoring of dental implants are insufficient and have low accuracy. Models that apply AI algorithms combined with precision methodologies—biomarkers—are extremely useful in the creation of precision medicine, allowing medical dentists to forecast the success of the implant. Tools that integrate the different types of data, including imaging, molecular, risk factor, and implant characteristics, are needed to make a more accurate and personalized prediction of implant success.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

A within-subject comparison of short implants in the posterior region: retrospective study of up to 10 years

PURPOSE: This intra-patient retrospective study of up to 10 years evaluated the clinical success and risk factors of 6- and 8-mm long implants and their respective prostheses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample consisted of patients treated at a Military Polyclinic dental service, who received both 6- and 8-mm long tissue level implants in the posterior region of the same arch. Data were collected from the dental charts, clinical and radiographic exams, self-report of sleep bruxism, measurement of maximum occlusal force, and clinical crown-to-implant (C/I) ratio. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics with univariate and hierarchical multivariate models, at the 0.05 significance level. RESULTS: The 30 patients (27 women) had 85 implants and 83 prostheses. Two implants were lost before prosthesis installation (implant survival: 97.6%). Ten events of prosthetic complication (screw tightening loss) occurred in five patients (success rate: 87.9%) in a single moment. Only the variable C/I ratio had a significant effect for repairable prosthesis complication (P<.05). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that 6- and 8-mm long implants have similar long-term clinical success for implants and prostheses.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Impact of personality traits on prosthodontic patients

Determining oral health-related quality of life in elderly patients with removable prostheses who have increased difficulty in reporting oral issues is imperative for a successful rehabilitation. Aim: Our objective is to assess the extent to which a trace, or personality dimension, can influence oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in rehabilitated patients. Methods: 135 participants rehabilitated with removable prosthesis were evaluated in the Clinical Unit of Removable Prosthodontics of the Faculty of Dental Medicine of Porto University, Portugal. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire was applied to evaluate oral health-related quality of life, along with the Eysenck Personality Inventory (E.P.I.) to determine a personality trait. Statistical analysis was carried out using Mann-Whitney, Student's t-test, Spearman's rho and linear regression. Results: No statistical correlation was found concerning age, gender and oral health-related quality of life. Regarding the latter, the highest agreement was found on the question involving “pain in teeth”. The prevalence of acrylic partial dentures, as opposed to partial dentures with metallic framework, was substantially higher. No signi?cant association between both extraversion/neuroticism (E.P.I.) and oral health-related quality of life (OHIP-14) upon rehabilitation with removable prostheses was found (p>0,05). In our study, personality traits neuroticism and extraversion did not influence oral health-related quality of life with removable prostheses. However, we should not overlook the importance of other psychological factors (such as motivation or perception) and their role in determining oral health-related quality of life. Conclusion: Personality traits “extraversion” and “neuroticism” did not influence oral health-related quality of life.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Dental Informatics: an emerging discipline

Este trabalho de revisão de literatura pretende demonstrar não só a importância da introdução da disciplina de Informática Odontológica no currículo das Faculdades de Odontologia mas também no cotidiano do médico-dentista ou cirurgião-dentista. Nos últimos anos houve um rápido desenvolvimento da Informática aplicada à Odontologia, sobretudo em áreas dedicadas ao exame do paciente, ao diagnóstico e ao plano de tratamento. Os sistemas CAD-CAM, as sondas periodontais computadorizadas, os aparelhos de radiologia digital, as câmaras intra-orais são exemplos da aplicação da Informática em Odontologia. É neste sentido que surge a disciplina de Informática Odontológica, uma área em constante desenvolvimento, que tem por base a aplicação de computadores e ciências de informação para melhorar a prática clínica, a pesquisa, a educação e a gestão. É importante que simultaneamente com a formação em Odontologia haja também adequada formação em Informática Odontológica. Atualmente os avanços tecnológicos e as pesquisas científicas requerem interdisciplinaridade e integração de uma grande quantidade de informação, muitas vezes proveniente de fontes díspares, havendo necessidade de compilar a informação em bases de dados. Os meios informáticos podem aumentar significativamente a velocidade de integração e correlação dessa informação, tornando o diagnóstico médico-odontológico mais rápido e a implementação da terapêutica mais eficaz. Palavras-chave: Informática Odontológica; bioinformática; base de dados; formação odontológica; diagnósticoThis literature review aimed to present the importance of the discipline of Dental Informatics for the curriculum of dental schools and daily dental practice. In the last years there was a fast development of Informatics applied to Dentistry, especially in areas related to patient exam, diagnosis, and treatment plan. CAD-CAM systems, computerized periodontal probes, digital radiography, and intraoral cameras are examples of the application of Informatics in Dentistry. Dental Informatics is a discipline showing constant development and is based on the application of computers and information science to improve clinical practice, research, education, and management. Therefore, it is important that Dental Informatics is included in the dental curriculum. At present the technological advances and scientific research require interdisciplinary approach and integration of large amount of information. This information usually comes from several sources, which requires its compilation in databases. Informatics media can significantly increase the velocity of integration and correlation of necessary information to speed up the medical-dental diagnosis and improve treatment efficacy. Key words: Dental informatics; bioinformatics, databases; dental education; diagnosisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences

The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & Nemésio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; Nemésio 2009a–b; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009; Cianferoni & Bartolozzi 2016; Amorim et al. 2016). This question was again raised in a letter supported by 35 signatories published in the journal Nature (Pape et al. 2016) on 15 September 2016. On 25 September 2016, the following rebuttal (strictly limited to 300 words as per the editorial rules of Nature) was submitted to Nature, which on 18 October 2016 refused to publish it. As we think this problem is a very important one for zoological taxonomy, this text is published here exactly as submitted to Nature, followed by the list of the 493 taxonomists and collection-based researchers who signed it in the short time span from 20 September to 6 October 2016

Diretriz da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia sobre Diagnóstico e Tratamento de Pacientes com Cardiomiopatia da Doença de Chagas

This guideline aimed to update the concepts and formulate the standards of conduct and scientific evidence that support them, regarding the diagnosis and treatment of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, with special emphasis on the rationality base that supported it.&nbsp; Chagas disease in the 21st century maintains an epidemiological pattern of endemicity in 21 Latin American countries. Researchers and managers from endemic and non-endemic countries point to the need to adopt comprehensive public health policies to effectively control the interhuman transmission of T. cruzi infection, and to obtain an optimized level of care for already infected individuals, focusing on diagnostic and therapeutic opportunistic opportunities. &nbsp; Pathogenic and pathophysiological mechanisms of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease were revisited after in-depth updating and the notion that necrosis and fibrosis are stimulated by tissue parasitic persistence and adverse immune reaction, as fundamental mechanisms, assisted by autonomic and microvascular disorders, was well established. Some of them have recently formed potential targets of therapies.&nbsp; The natural history of the acute and chronic phases was reviewed, with enhancement for oral transmission, indeterminate form and chronic syndromes. Recent meta-analyses of observational studies have estimated the risk of evolution from acute and indeterminate forms and mortality after chronic cardiomyopathy. Therapeutic approaches applicable to individuals with Indeterminate form of Chagas disease were specifically addressed. All methods to detect structural and/or functional alterations with various cardiac imaging techniques were also reviewed, with recommendations for use in various clinical scenarios. Mortality risk stratification based on the Rassi score, with recent studies of its application, was complemented by methods that detect myocardial fibrosis.&nbsp; The current methodology for etiological diagnosis and the consequent implications of trypanonomic treatment deserved a comprehensive and in-depth approach. Also the treatment of patients at risk or with heart failure, arrhythmias and thromboembolic events, based on pharmacological and complementary resources, received special attention. Additional chapters supported the conducts applicable to several special contexts, including t. cruzi/HIV co-infection, risk during surgeries, in pregnant women, in the reactivation of infection after heart transplantation, and others.&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; Finally, two chapters of great social significance, addressing the structuring of specialized services to care for individuals with the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, and reviewing the concepts of severe heart disease and its medical-labor implications completed this guideline.Esta diretriz teve como objetivo principal atualizar os conceitos e formular as normas de conduta e evidências científicas que as suportam, quanto ao diagnóstico e tratamento da CDC, com especial ênfase na base de racionalidade que a embasou. A DC no século XXI mantém padrão epidemiológico de endemicidade em 21 países da América Latina. Investigadores e gestores de países endêmicos e não endêmicos indigitam a necessidade de se adotarem políticas abrangentes, de saúde pública, para controle eficaz da transmissão inter-humanos da infecção pelo T. cruzi, e obter-se nível otimizado de atendimento aos indivíduos já infectados, com foco em oportunização diagnóstica e terapêutica. Mecanismos patogênicos e fisiopatológicos da CDC foram revisitados após atualização aprofundada e ficou bem consolidada a noção de que necrose e fibrose sejam estimuladas pela persistência parasitária tissular e reação imune adversa, como mecanismos fundamentais, coadjuvados por distúrbios autonômicos e microvasculares. Alguns deles recentemente constituíram alvos potenciais de terapêuticas. A história natural das fases aguda e crônica foi revista, com realce para a transmissão oral, a forma indeterminada e as síndromes crônicas. Metanálises recentes de estudos observacionais estimaram o risco de evolução a partir das formas aguda e indeterminada e de mortalidade após instalação da cardiomiopatia crônica. Condutas terapêuticas aplicáveis aos indivíduos com a FIDC foram abordadas especificamente. Todos os métodos para detectar alterações estruturais e/ou funcionais com variadas técnicas de imageamento cardíaco também foram revisados, com recomendações de uso nos vários cenários clínicos. Estratificação de risco de mortalidade fundamentada no escore de Rassi, com estudos recentes de sua aplicação, foi complementada por métodos que detectam fibrose miocárdica. A metodologia atual para diagnóstico etiológico e as consequentes implicações do tratamento tripanossomicida mereceram enfoque abrangente e aprofundado. Também o tratamento de pacientes em risco ou com insuficiência cardíaca, arritmias e eventos tromboembólicos, baseado em recursos farmacológicos e complementares, recebeu especial atenção. Capítulos suplementares subsidiaram as condutas aplicáveis a diversos contextos especiais, entre eles o da co-infecção por T. cruzi/HIV, risco durante cirurgias, em grávidas, na reativação da infecção após transplante cardíacos, e outros.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Por fim, dois capítulos de grande significado social, abordando a estruturação de serviços especializados para atendimento aos indivíduos com a CDC, e revisando os conceitos de cardiopatia grave e suas implicações médico-trabalhistas completaram esta diretriz.&nbsp

I-52. Informatização das clínicas médico-dentárias da cidade de Viseu

Objetivos: Ao longo das últimas décadas, a Informática Médico-Dentária tem vindo a contribuir para a melhoria do desempenho clínico dos Médicos Dentistas, através da introdução e aplicação dos computadores e das tecnologias da informação desenvolvidas especificamente para a Medicina Dentária. Analisar e avaliar o nível de informatização das clínicas de Medicina Dentária na cidade de Viseu e aferir opiniões, atitudes e considerações sobre a utilização dos sistemas informáticos e das tecnologias de informação. Materiais e métodos: Foi distribuído pessoalmente um questionário em suporte papel a todos os directores clínicos (n = 78), das clínicas médico-dentárias, da cidade de Viseu. Este questionário continha 36 questões, que interpelavam as características da prática clínica médico-dentária, a utilização da Internet, de programas informáticos e das infraestruturas tecnológicas, para além da introdução, o armazenamento e o acesso a informações clínicas. Com os dados recolhidos foi efectuada uma análise estatística descritiva com o software IBM® SPSS® Statistics v20.0. Resultados: A taxa de resposta foi de 78,9% (n = 60). Mais de noventa e oito por cento das clínicas de Viseu possuem computador (67,2% possuem computadores chairside). As informações clínicas dos pacientes são maioritariamente registadas em suporte electrónico (46,7%), apesar de 46,7% apresentarem um suporte híbrido e 4 clínicas (6,6%) usarem apenas o registo em papel. Estes dados clínicos são maioritariamente introduzidos pelos Médicos Dentistas (77,2%), que consideram que a utilização clínica dos computadores contribui para a educação do paciente e melhora a eficiência da consulta. Por outro lado, são apontadas barreiras à utilização dos computadores nas clínicas devido à segurança dos dados clínicos, problemas no controlo da infeção cruzada e falhas no sistema informático. Conclusões: Actualmente, encontra-se disseminada a utilização do computador na prática clínica de Medicina Dentária na cidade de Viseu. Contudo, a informática ao nível dos cuidados médico-dentários, nomeadamente no que diz respeito ao registo de informações clínicas dos pacientes, apresenta ainda um grande potencial de desenvolvimento e evolução.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Clinical performance of monolithic CAD/CAM tooth-supported zirconia restorations: systematic review and meta-analysis

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the survival rate, biological complications, technical complications, and clinical behavior of single crowns supported by teeth made up in monolithic zirconia with CAD/CAM technology. Study selection: An extensive electronic search was conducted through Medline/PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Additional manual search was performed on the references of included articles to identify relevant publica- tions. Two reviewers independently performed the selection and electronic and manual search. Results: From nine articles included, there was a total of 594 participants and 1657 single-tooth restorations with a mean exposure time of 1.07 years, and follow-up period between 0.3 and 2.1 years. All studies showed a moderate level of qual- ity, with a consequent moderate possibility of associated bias, using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), with survival rate (SR) ranging between 91% to 100%. Bleeding on probing (BOP) were reported with an average value of 29.12%. Marginal integrity showed high success rate values for the observation periods, except for one that included patients with bruxism which obtained a SR of 31.60%. Failures and/or fractures, mostly total and requiring replacement, were observed in three studies. Linear regression showed that there was no statistical correlation between survival rate and type of cementation and the average years of follow-up (p=0.730 e p=0.454). There was high heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 93.74% and Q = 79.672). Conclusions: Within the limitation of this study, monolithic zirconia might be considered as a possible option for restoring single crowns, especially in the posterior zone.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio