Salud Emocional Post Covid-19: Situación Actual En Adolescentes

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on the mental health and wellbeing of people around the world. Many people are adapting, but in some cases this has led to uncertainty, disruption to daily routines, economic pressures, social isolation and experiencing mental health problems as a result of Covid-19. The objective of the study was to raise awareness about Post Covid-19 Emotional Health: current situation in adolescents. Its methodology was narrative design, descriptive documentary type. An electronic search was conducted in multiple databases from December 2019 to the present. The results present associated psychological changes that are numerous and range from isolated symptoms to complex disorders with an important marked deterioration in functionality, such as anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. It is concluded that it is increasingly important to implement preventive mental health models. That is, treatment includes not only pharmacological aspects, but also healthcare components such as psychosocial support that are essential for the proper management of these disorders.La pandemia de Covid-19 ha tenido un profundo impacto en la salud mental y el bienestar de  personas de todo el mundo. Muchas personas se están adaptando, pero en algunos casos esto ha provocado incertidumbre, alteración de las rutinas diarias, presiones económicas, aislamiento social y experimentado problemas de salud mental como resultado del Covid-19. El objetivo del estudio fue dar a conocer sobre Salud Emocional Post Covid-19: situación actual en adolescentes. Su metodología fue diseño narrativo tipo descriptivo documental. Se realizo una búsqueda electrónica en múltiples bases de datos desde diciembre de 2019 -2023. Los resultados presentan cambios psicológicos asociados que son numerosos y van desde síntomas aislados hasta trastornos complejos con un importante deterioro marcado de la funcionalidad, como ansiedad, depresión y trastorno por estrés postraumático. Se concluye que cada vez más importante implementar modelos preventivos de salud mental. Es decir, el tratamiento incluye no solo aspectos farmacológicos, sino también componentes asistenciales como el apoyo psicosocial que son fundamentales para el adecuado manejo de estos trastornos

Pedagogical Paradigms in teaching EFL classroom: evaluating approaches of cognitivism, constructivism, pragmatism, and connectivism

El objetivo principal del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje es transmitir conocimientos, habilidades y valores al alumno, que es su destinatario. Este proceso debe ser holístico: en su estructura y metodología, debe contener varios tipos de formación. Por separado, cualquiera de estos tipos de formación puede mejorar la calidad y la eficacia de los demás. Al mismo tiempo, cada tipo tiene sus propias características distintivas, que vienen determinadas por las peculiaridades psicológicas del profesor, los objetivos educativos generales y las tareas particulares. Este estudio analiza el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en el área de inglés a partir de los enfoques modernos en educación, que son movimientos teóricos importantes que se están utilizando en la actualidad: el cognitivismo, el constructivismo, el pragmatismo y el conectivismo. Utilizamos una muestra de conveniencia para grupos con un número total de 120 estudiantes universitarios en el nivel de inglés A2. Este estudio de caso se desarrolló en la Universidad Técnica de Babahoyo. Utilizamos las habilidades en inglés de escuchar, escribir, hablar y escribir y plataformas TIC para poner en práctica esos enfoques. Como resultado, los estudiantes obtienen mayores calificaciones con la inclusión de cada enfoque, obteniendo calificaciones promedio entre 8.17 y 9.23 en el enfoque de lectura y cognitivo, entre 7.38 y 8.91 en el enfoque de escritura y constructivismo, entre 8.25 y 9.52 en el enfoque de escucha y conectivismo. La actividad oral relacionada con el enfoque del pragmatismo se midió en el número de errores donde había entre 10 y 16 errores de pronunciación o de coherencia en un discurso de un minuto. En todos los enfoques tienen una evolución importante desde su primera actividad, además que, tienen niveles de satisfacción en todas las dinámicas superior al 91%. En conclusión, con estrategias adecuadas y recursos tecnológicos y digitales efectivos, se pueden lograr múltiples cambios al introducir estos enfoques pedagógicos que permitan a los estudiantes desarrollar sus habilidades a través de tareas de aprendizaje colaborativo, fomentando la autonomía de los estudiantes y fomentando su capacidad de trabajar juntos para desarrollar sus habilidades. pensamiento crítico y crear un ambiente orientado a la comunidad para los estudiantes.The aim of the teaching-learning process is to transmit knowledge, skills, and values to the student, who is the recipient. This process must be holistic: in its structure and methodology, it must contain various types of training. Separately, any one of these types of training can improve the quality and effectiveness of the others. At the same time, each type has its own distinctive features, which are determined by the psychological peculiarities of the teacher, the general educational goals, and the particular tasks. This study analyzes the teaching-learning process in the English area based on modern approaches in education, which are important theoretical movements that are currently being used: cognitivism, constructivism, pragmatism, and connectivism. We used a convenience sample of for groups with a total number of 120 university students at the A2 English level. This case study was developed at the Technical University of Babahoyo. We used the English skills of listening, writing, speaking and writing and ICT platforms to put those approaches into practice. As result, the students get greater grades with the inclusion of each approach, getting average grades between 8.17 and 9.23 in the reading and cognitive approach, between 7.38 and 8.91 in the writing and constructivism approach, between 8.25 and 9.52 in the listening and connectivism approach. The speaking activity related to the pragmatism approach was measured in the number of errors where there were between 10 and 16 pronunciation or coherence errors in a one-minute speech. In all the approaches they have a significant evolution since their first activity and also, we have satisfaction levels in all the dynamics above 91%. In conclusion, with adequate strategies, and effective technological and digital resources, multiple changes can be achieved by introducing these pedagogical approaches that allow students to develop their skills through collaborative learning tasks, promoting student autonomy, and fostering their ability to work together to develop their critical thinking and create a community-oriented environment for the students

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication

Usability and affective evaluation of WAP services on mobile phones

This thesis consist of 2 sections. Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) is a new trend in mobile phones. Through WAP it is possible to connect to the Internet anytime and anywhere. Issues on WAP usability need to be carefully studied in order to maintain a user-centred approach in the design. This is a great challenge, as more people will want to access Internet on the go. It is important to know about user's feelings toward WAP whether it is pleasurable or displeasurable because thus will determine the success of the product.Master of Science (Human Factors Engineering

Usability and affective evaluation of WAP services on mobile phones

This thesis consist of 2 sections. Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) is a new trend in mobile phones. Through WAP it is possible to connect to the Internet anytime and anywhere. Issues on WAP usability need to be carefully studied in order to maintain a user-centred approach in the design. This is a great challenge, as more people will want to access Internet on the go. It is important to know about user's feelings toward WAP whether it is pleasurable or displeasurable because thus will determine the success of the product.Master of Science (Human Factors Engineering

Usability testing of an academic WAP service

The Information Technology Center (ITC) of the university who is in charge of web applications development proposed to launch the faculty scholarly output website. The faculty scholarly output website is for updating online research output in terms of journal or conference publications for each faculty. The inputted information would serve as the official research record of the faculty. A usability test was conducted to determine the usability problems and pertinent webpage design factor in the layout. There were four tasks that are to be completed by the subjects. The first task is to find the link for the faculty scholarly output and add a record. the second task requires the user to view the record they just entered. the third task is to edit the inputted record and to change one of the author roles of the co-authors. the fourth task is to delete the co-author and the entry itself. the faculty will input and edit research output information in the website. This study aims to determine the common mistakes being committed in using the website and the important design factors to be considered in webpage design. Thirty people comprising of faculty, student and staff from each of the university college were gathered to do the test. The usability test made use of CAMTASIA software to record and analyze the results. The result of the study identified three usability problems: navigation, wording and interface inconsistencies. The design factors that need to be paid careful attention to prevent usability problems: grammar consistency, buttons and layout of the webpage

A usability evaluation of an academic website on faculty scholarly output (FSO) update

The Information Technology Center (ITC) of De La Salle University who is in charge of web applications development proposed to launch the faculty scholarly output website. The faculty scholarly output website is for updating online research output in terms of journal or conference publications for each faculty. The inputted information wiould serve as the official research record of the faculty. A usability study was conducted to determine the usability problems and pertinent webpage design factor in the layout. This study aims to determine the common mistakes being committed in using the website and the important design factors to be considered in webpage design. The usability test made use of CAMTASIA software to record and analyze the results. The result of the study identified three usability problems: navigation, wording and interface inconsistencies. The design factors that need to be paid careful attention to prevent usability problems are grammar consistency, buttons and layout of the webpage

A usability study of De La Salle University (DLSU) website: faculty scholarly output (FSO) update

The Information Technology Center (ITC) of De La Salle University proposed to launch the new faculty scholarly output website. The faculty scholarly output website is for updating online research output in terms of journal or conference publications for each faculty. The faculty will input and edit research output information in the website. This inputted information will serve as the official research record of the faculty. A usability study was conducted to determine the usability problems and pertinent webpage design factor in the layout. This study aims to determine the common mistakes being committed in using the website and the important design factors to be considered in webpage design. Thirty people comprising of faculty, student and staff from each of the university college were gathered to do the test. The usability test made use of CAMTASIA software to record and analyze the results. The result of the study identified three usability problems: navigation, wording and inconsistencies. The design factors that need to be paid careful attention to prevent usability problems: grammar consistency and the object-action interface model