They (Don't) Care About Education: A Counternarrative on Black Male Students' Responses to Inequitable Schooling

Focus group interviews and systematic content analysis of 304 essays written by black male undergraduates refute the dominant message that black men do not care about education. On the contrary, these students aspire to earn doctoral degrees in education despite acute understanding that the education system is stacked against them. The analysis asks what compels that dedication

1960

Recent Developments Affecting Golf Course Design (page 1) From the Editor (3) Five Year Results (3) Turf Management Club News (4) Quotes from 1960 Seniors (5) Poa annua - - Friend or Foe (6) The Horticulture Show (7) Cartoons (8) Message from the Winter School President of 1960 (10) The Most Outstanding Turf Senior for 1959 (10) The Value of the Proper Use of Lime (11) Summer Placement (12) A Greenhouse on the Golf Course (13) More Opportunities in the Future for the Aggressive Superintendent at Country Clubs (14) Soil, Sawdust and Turfgrass (15) Picture - Senior Stockbridge Turf majors (16) Picture - Freshman Stockbridge Turf majors (17) Susceptibility of Merion Bluegrass to Stripe Smut (18) Bents in the South (19) Picture - Honorary Members of Turf Management Club (20) Picture - Graduates of Winter School for Turf mangers- 1960 (21) Weather - We are Going to Have Weather, Whether or Not - What Should we Expect by O. Tennebaum & R. E. Lautzenheiser (A-1) The Nature of Winter Injury to Plants by Dr. Johnson Parker (A-1) Turf Problems: You Name it and We\u27ve Had It in \u2759 by Alexander Radko ad T.T. Taylor (A-3) Topdressing Experiences with Greens at Century by James Fulwider (A-5) Poa annua - Fairway Rennovation at winged Foot by Sherwood A. Moore (A-6) Winter Problems at Ekwanaok by Paul O\u27Leary (A-8) Progress Through Drainage by Kayem Ovian (A-10) Winter Injury on Home Lawns by Orlando Capizzi (A-12) The Status of Pre-emergence Chemicals for the Control of Crabgrass by Dr. E. Engel (A-12) Turf Nurseries - Establishment, Maintenance & Utilization by Robert Grant (A-14) Soil Compaction by Dr. R. B. Alderfer (A-16) Water Management Practices on Turf Areas by Dr. J.R. Watson (A-18) Getting to Know Your Members by Owen Griffith (A-23) New Trends in Clubhouse Landscaping by Alfred Boicourt (A-26) General Lawn Management (Alternate Session) Conserving Soil for a good Lawn by Dr. William G. Colby (A-27) Fertilizting and Liming by Dr. Joseph Steckel (A-28) Grasses and Grass Mixtures for New England Lawns by Dr. Robert Schery (A-29) The Care and Maintenance of Establishment Lawns by Dr. John R. Davi

The James Webb Space Telescope Mission

Twenty-six years ago a small committee report, building on earlier studies, expounded a compelling and poetic vision for the future of astronomy, calling for an infrared-optimized space telescope with an aperture of at least $4m$. With the support of their governments in the US, Europe, and Canada, 20,000 people realized that vision as the $6.5m$ James Webb Space Telescope. A generation of astronomers will celebrate their accomplishments for the life of the mission, potentially as long as 20 years, and beyond. This report and the scientific discoveries that follow are extended thank-you notes to the 20,000 team members. The telescope is working perfectly, with much better image quality than expected. In this and accompanying papers, we give a brief history, describe the observatory, outline its objectives and current observing program, and discuss the inventions and people who made it possible. We cite detailed reports on the design and the measured performance on orbit.Comment: Accepted by PASP for the special issue on The James Webb Space Telescope Overview, 29 pages, 4 figure

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

Search for the rare decay B-0 ->tau(+)tau(-) at BABAR

We present the results of a search for the decay B-0 ->tau(+)tau(-) in a data sample of (232 +/- 3)x10(6) Upsilon(4S)-> BB decays using the BABAR detector. Certain extensions of the standard model predict measurable levels of this otherwise rare decay. We reconstruct fully one neutral B meson and seek evidence for the signal decay in the rest of the event. We find no evidence for signal events and obtain B(B-0 ->tau(+)tau(-))< 4.1x10(-3) at the 90% confidence level

Factors Associated with Revision Surgery after Internal Fixation of Hip Fractures

Background: Femoral neck fractures are associated with high rates of revision surgery after management with internal fixation. Using data from the Fixation using Alternative Implants for the Treatment of Hip fractures (FAITH) trial evaluating methods of internal fixation in patients with femoral neck fractures, we investigated associations between baseline and surgical factors and the need for revision surgery to promote healing, relieve pain, treat infection or improve function over 24 months postsurgery. Additionally, we investigated factors associated with (1) hardware removal and (2) implant exchange from cancellous screws (CS) or sliding hip screw (SHS) to total hip arthroplasty, hemiarthroplasty, or another internal fixation device. Methods: We identified 15 potential factors a priori that may be associated with revision surgery, 7 with hardware removal, and 14 with implant exchange. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses in our investigation. Results: Factors associated with increased risk of revision surgery included: female sex, [hazard ratio (HR) 1.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-2.50; P = 0.001], higher body mass index (fo