Discontinuation of neoadjuvant therapy does not influence postoperative short-term outcomes in elderly patients (≥ 70 years) with resectable gastric cancer: a population-based study from the dutch upper gastrointestinal cancer audit (DUCA) data

Background: For the elderly patients with gastric cancer, it may be more challenging to tolerate complete neoadjuvant therapy (NAT). The impact of discontinued NAT on the surgical safety and pathological outcomes of elderly patients with poor tolerance remains poorly understood. Methods: Gastric cancer patients received gastrectomy with curative intent from the Dutch upper GI cancer audit (DUCA) database were included in this study. The independent association of age with not initiating and discontinuation of NAT was assessed with restricted cubic splines (RCS). According to the RCS results, age ≥ 70 years was defined as elderly. Short-term postoperative outcomes and pathological results were compared between elderly patients who completed and discontinued NAT. Results: Between 2011- 2021, total of 3049 patients were included. The risk of not initiating NAT increased from 70 years. In 1954 (64%) patients receiving NAT, the risk of discontinuation increased from 55 years, reaching the peak around 74 years. In the elderly, discontinued NAT was not independently associated with worse 30-day mortality, overall complications, anastomotic leakage, re-intervention, and pathologic complete response, but was associated with a higher risk of R1/2 resection (p-value = 0.001), higher ypT stage (p-value = 0.004), ypN + (p-value = 0.008), and non-response ( p-value = 0.012). Conclusion: A decreased utilization of NAT has been observed in Dutch gastric cancer patients from 70 years due to old age considerations, possibly because of their high risk of discontinuation. Increasing the utilization of NAT may not adversely impact the surgical safety of gastric cancer population ≥ 70 years and may contribute to better pathological results

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication

Utilisation du PMSI dans l’évaluation de morbi-mortalité en chirurgie oeso-gastrique

Esogastric surgery, whether performed for cancer or not, is a surgery with a high risk of complications and postoperative mortality. In France, esophagectomies and gastrectomies for cancer have respectively a mortality rate of 8 and 7% at 90 post-operative days. The complication rate is also high, around 50%. This high morbidity and mortality rate explains the objective of surgical research aimed at improving the management of these patients. This research is progressing by setting up randomized studies, but these remain long and difficult to finance because of their own cost and the small number of patients concerned by this type of pathology. Medico-administrative databases were used in this thesis for research in this field. France has one of the most exhaustive databases in the world thanks to the French reimbursement system. The PMSI branch - "Programme de Médicalisation des Systèmes d'Information" - was used. This database collects all the information concerning patients' hospitalizations, such as their pathologies and the procedures performed. The information of each patient is therefore anonymous but allows a longitudinal follow-up by following their successive hospitalizations. In the first study, we studied the impact of the minimally invasive approach in France on cancer gastrectomies. We included 6 years of patients operated in France for gastric resection. The analysis was stratified on the total or not of the gastrectomy. After propensity score and matching, the impact of laparoscopy compared to laparotomy was studied on different short-term (mortality, morbidity, reoperation, length of hospitalization) and long-term (esophageal stenosis, postoperative ventration, occlusion on flange) outcomes.In the second study, the PMSI was used to evaluate the management of caustic ingestions. In this work, the PMSI reveals one of its main assets: the exhaustiveness of the database. It allows the identification of each patient with the diagnostic code of esophageal burn over 10 years, managed in each French center and to study its treatment. After an extensive descriptive analysis, risk factors for mortality and morbidity were studied.Finally, through these two studies, the question of volume and its relationship with morbidity and mortality was studied. Graphical representations and adjusted analyses have been carried out. This thesis illustrates some of the uses of medico-administrative databases in clinical research in a pragmatic way. The implementation of the PMSI through the " Heath data hub " will be a new way to follow the patients outside the hospital.La chirurgie œsogastrique, qu’elle soit réalisée pour cancer ou non, est une chirurgie à haut risque de complication et de mortalité post-opératoire. En France, les œsophagectomies et les gastrectomies pour cancer ont respectivement des taux de mortalité de 8 et de 7 % à 90 jours post-opératoire. Le taux de complications est aussi élevé, de l’ordre de 50 %. Cette haute morbi-mortalité explique l’objectif de la recherche en chirurgie visant à améliorer la prise en charge de ces patients. Cette recherche avance en mettant notamment en place des études randomisées mais celles-ci restent longues et difficiles à financer du fait de leur coût propre et du faible effectif de patients concernés par ce type de pathologie. Les bases médico-administratives ont été utilisées dans cette thèse pour la recherche sur ce domaine. La France possède l’une des bases les plus exhaustives au monde grâce au système de remboursement français. La branche du PMSI - « Programme de Médicalisation des Systèmes d’Information » - a été mise à contribution. Cette base permet de colliger toute l’information concernant les hospitalisations des patients, comme, par exemple leurs pathologies et les actes réalisés. L’information de chaque patient est donc anonymisée mais permet de réaliser un suivi longitudinal en suivant leurs hospitalisations successives. Dans la première étude, nous avons étudié l’impact de la voie mini-invasive en France sur les gastrectomies pour cancer. Nous avons inclus 6 années de patients opérés en France d’une résection gastrique. L’analyse a été stratifiée sur le caractère total ou non de la gastrectomie. Après score de propension et appariement, l’impact de la coelioscopie en comparaison à la laparotomie a été étudié sur différents critères de jugement à court terme (mortalité, morbidité, réintervention chirurgicale, durée d’hospitalisation) et à long terme (sténose œsophagienne, éventration post-opératoire, occlusion sur bride).Dans la seconde étude, le PMSI a été mis à contribution pour l’évaluation de la prise en charge des ingestions de produit caustique. Dans ce travail, le PMSI dévoile l’un de ces atouts principaux : l’exhaustivité de la base. Il permet l’identification de chaque patient avec le code diagnostique de brulure œsophagienne sur 10 ans, pris en charge dans chaque centre français et d’étudier son traitement. Après une analyse descriptive poussée, les facteurs de risque de mortalité et morbidité ont été étudiés.Enfin au travers de ces deux travaux, la question du volume et de son rapport avec la morbi-mortalité a été étudiée. Des représentations graphiques, des analyses ajustées ont été réalisées. Cette thèse illustre une partie des usages des bases de données médico-administratives dans la recherche clinique de manière pragmatique. L’implémentation du PMSI au travers du « Heath data hub » sera une nouvelle piste pour pouvoir suivre les patients en extrahospitalier

Utilisation du PMSI dans l’évaluation de morbi-mortalité en chirurgie oeso-gastrique

Esogastric surgery, whether performed for cancer or not, is a surgery with a high risk of complications and postoperative mortality. In France, esophagectomies and gastrectomies for cancer have respectively a mortality rate of 8 and 7% at 90 post-operative days. The complication rate is also high, around 50%. This high morbidity and mortality rate explains the objective of surgical research aimed at improving the management of these patients. This research is progressing by setting up randomized studies, but these remain long and difficult to finance because of their own cost and the small number of patients concerned by this type of pathology. Medico-administrative databases were used in this thesis for research in this field. France has one of the most exhaustive databases in the world thanks to the French reimbursement system. The PMSI branch - "Programme de Médicalisation des Systèmes d'Information" - was used. This database collects all the information concerning patients' hospitalizations, such as their pathologies and the procedures performed. The information of each patient is therefore anonymous but allows a longitudinal follow-up by following their successive hospitalizations. In the first study, we studied the impact of the minimally invasive approach in France on cancer gastrectomies. We included 6 years of patients operated in France for gastric resection. The analysis was stratified on the total or not of the gastrectomy. After propensity score and matching, the impact of laparoscopy compared to laparotomy was studied on different short-term (mortality, morbidity, reoperation, length of hospitalization) and long-term (esophageal stenosis, postoperative ventration, occlusion on flange) outcomes.In the second study, the PMSI was used to evaluate the management of caustic ingestions. In this work, the PMSI reveals one of its main assets: the exhaustiveness of the database. It allows the identification of each patient with the diagnostic code of esophageal burn over 10 years, managed in each French center and to study its treatment. After an extensive descriptive analysis, risk factors for mortality and morbidity were studied.Finally, through these two studies, the question of volume and its relationship with morbidity and mortality was studied. Graphical representations and adjusted analyses have been carried out. This thesis illustrates some of the uses of medico-administrative databases in clinical research in a pragmatic way. The implementation of the PMSI through the " Heath data hub " will be a new way to follow the patients outside the hospital.La chirurgie œsogastrique, qu’elle soit réalisée pour cancer ou non, est une chirurgie à haut risque de complication et de mortalité post-opératoire. En France, les œsophagectomies et les gastrectomies pour cancer ont respectivement des taux de mortalité de 8 et de 7 % à 90 jours post-opératoire. Le taux de complications est aussi élevé, de l’ordre de 50 %. Cette haute morbi-mortalité explique l’objectif de la recherche en chirurgie visant à améliorer la prise en charge de ces patients. Cette recherche avance en mettant notamment en place des études randomisées mais celles-ci restent longues et difficiles à financer du fait de leur coût propre et du faible effectif de patients concernés par ce type de pathologie. Les bases médico-administratives ont été utilisées dans cette thèse pour la recherche sur ce domaine. La France possède l’une des bases les plus exhaustives au monde grâce au système de remboursement français. La branche du PMSI - « Programme de Médicalisation des Systèmes d’Information » - a été mise à contribution. Cette base permet de colliger toute l’information concernant les hospitalisations des patients, comme, par exemple leurs pathologies et les actes réalisés. L’information de chaque patient est donc anonymisée mais permet de réaliser un suivi longitudinal en suivant leurs hospitalisations successives. Dans la première étude, nous avons étudié l’impact de la voie mini-invasive en France sur les gastrectomies pour cancer. Nous avons inclus 6 années de patients opérés en France d’une résection gastrique. L’analyse a été stratifiée sur le caractère total ou non de la gastrectomie. Après score de propension et appariement, l’impact de la coelioscopie en comparaison à la laparotomie a été étudié sur différents critères de jugement à court terme (mortalité, morbidité, réintervention chirurgicale, durée d’hospitalisation) et à long terme (sténose œsophagienne, éventration post-opératoire, occlusion sur bride).Dans la seconde étude, le PMSI a été mis à contribution pour l’évaluation de la prise en charge des ingestions de produit caustique. Dans ce travail, le PMSI dévoile l’un de ces atouts principaux : l’exhaustivité de la base. Il permet l’identification de chaque patient avec le code diagnostique de brulure œsophagienne sur 10 ans, pris en charge dans chaque centre français et d’étudier son traitement. Après une analyse descriptive poussée, les facteurs de risque de mortalité et morbidité ont été étudiés.Enfin au travers de ces deux travaux, la question du volume et de son rapport avec la morbi-mortalité a été étudiée. Des représentations graphiques, des analyses ajustées ont été réalisées. Cette thèse illustre une partie des usages des bases de données médico-administratives dans la recherche clinique de manière pragmatique. L’implémentation du PMSI au travers du « Heath data hub » sera une nouvelle piste pour pouvoir suivre les patients en extrahospitalier

Strangulated hedrocele after a fall

International audienc

The first year of Junior Doctors in visceral and digestive surgery in France: For what position and with which function?

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Trends in emergent diverticular disease management: a nationwide cohort study from 2009 to 2018

International audienceBackgroundDiverticular disease is a common disorder. Several guidelines report on its optimal management. The aim of this study was to describe the evolution of the prevalence of this disease, the treatment strategies, and the mortality rate on a national level.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study on prospective data using a nationwide database. All consecutive adult patients diagnosed with diverticular disease and admitted via the emergency department from 2009 to 2018 were included in the study. We performed a descriptive analysis for epidemiologic data, diagnosis, and treatment.ResultsDuring the data collection period, 233,386 patients were included in the study. The number of admissions for emergent diverticular disease increased by 65.8%, from 16,754 in 2009 to 27,781 in 2018, for both uncomplicated and complicated diverticular disease. Among these patients, 19,350 (8.3%) were operated on. The rate of surgical treatment progressively decreased from 9.7% in 2009 to 7.6% in 2018. The three main interventions were Hartmann’s procedure (HP, n = 9111, 47.1%), resection with primary anastomosis (RPA, n = 4335, 22.4%), and peritoneal lavage (PL, n = 4836, 25%). We observed a progressive annual increase in HPs (n = 716 in 2009 and n = 1055 in 2018) as well as a decline in PLs since 2015, while the number of RPAs remained stable.ConclusionsAlthough admissions for emergent diverticular disease have increased during the study period, the rate of surgical treatment has decreased, suggesting an evolution toward more conservative management of this pathology

Response to the Comment on “Impact of Oral Immunonutrition on Postoperative Morbidity in Digestive Oncologic Surgery: A Nation-wide Cohort Study”

International audienc

Colorectal screening: We have not caught up. A surge of colorectal cancer after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic?

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