A Influência dos Traços de Personalidade na Prevenção e Tratamento das Doenças Cardiovasculares

Current evidence indicates that personality traits significantly influence cardiovascular health, contributing to the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This study integrates elements of psychology, medicine, and behavioral sciences to provide a holistic understanding of the factors affecting CVD. The article reviews literature on various personality types, focusing on Type A and Type D personalities, as well as the Big Five traits, and how they influence cardiovascular health through complex mechanisms. Traits such as neuroticism and hostility are associated with an increased cardiovascular risk, while conscientiousness acts as a significant protective factor. These traits affect heart health through mechanisms such as stress reactivity, health behaviors, social support, and systemic inflammation. Exacerbated stress reactivity in individuals with high neuroticism can lead to chronic activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and increased cortisol levels, promoting conditions that favor atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular pathological processes. Integrating personality assessments into clinical care can help identify individuals at risk for targeted interventions. Stress management, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and mindfulness are recommended for individuals with neuroticism and Type D personality. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms and interactions between personality traits, psychosocial factors, and cardiovascular health.A evidência atual indica que os traços de personalidade influenciam significativamente a saúde cardiovascular, contribuindo para a prevenção e manejo das doenças cardiovasculares (DCV). Este estudo integra elementos de psicologia, medicina e ciências comportamentais para oferecer uma compreensão holística dos fatores que afetam as DCV. O artigo revisa a literatura sobre diferentes tipos de personalidade, com foco nas personalidades Tipo A e Tipo D, além dos traços dos Cinco Grandes, e como eles influenciam a saúde cardiovascular por meio de diversos mecanismos complexos. Traços como neuroticismo e hostilidade estão associados a um maior risco cardiovascular, enquanto a conscienciosidade atua como um fator protetor significativo. Esses traços afetam a saúde do coração por meio de mecanismos como reatividade ao estresse, comportamentos de saúde, suporte social e inflamação sistêmica. A reatividade exacerbada ao estresse em indivíduos com alto neuroticismo pode levar a uma ativação crônica do eixo hipotálamo-pituitária-adrenal e ao aumento dos níveis de cortisol, promovendo condições que favorecem a aterosclerose e outros processos patológicos cardiovasculares. A integração de avaliações de personalidade no atendimento clínico pode ajudar a identificar indivíduos em risco para intervenções direcionadas. O controle do estresse, a terapia cognitivo-comportamental e a atenção plena são recomendados para neuroticismo e personalidade do Tipo D. Mais pesquisas são necessárias para compreender os mecanismos e interações entre traços de personalidade, fatores psicossociais e saúde cardiovascular

The Eleventh and Twelfth Data Releases of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Final Data from SDSS-III

The third generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-III) took data from 2008 to 2014 using the original SDSS wide-field imager, the original and an upgraded multi-object fiber-fed optical spectrograph, a new near-infrared high-resolution spectrograph, and a novel optical interferometer. All of the data from SDSS-III are now made public. In particular, this paper describes Data Release 11 (DR11) including all data acquired through 2013 July, and Data Release 12 (DR12) adding data acquired through 2014 July (including all data included in previous data releases), marking the end of SDSS-III observing. Relative to our previous public release (DR10), DR12 adds one million new spectra of galaxies and quasars from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) over an additional 3000 deg2 of sky, more than triples the number of H-band spectra of stars as part of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE), and includes repeated accurate radial velocity measurements of 5500 stars from the Multi-object APO Radial Velocity Exoplanet Large-area Survey (MARVELS). The APOGEE outputs now include the measured abundances of 15 different elements for each star. In total, SDSS-III added 5200 deg2 of ugriz imaging; 155,520 spectra of 138,099 stars as part of the Sloan Exploration of Galactic Understanding and Evolution 2 (SEGUE-2) survey; 2,497,484 BOSS spectra of 1,372,737 galaxies, 294,512 quasars, and 247,216 stars over 9376 deg2; 618,080 APOGEE spectra of 156,593 stars; and 197,040 MARVELS spectra of 5513 stars. Since its first light in 1998, SDSS has imaged over 1/3 of the Celestial sphere in five bands and obtained over five million astronomical spectra. \ua9 2015. The American Astronomical Society

Insect personality depends on environmental conditions

Tremmel M, Müller C. Insect personality depends on environmental conditions. Behavioral Ecology. 2013;24(2):386-392

The eleventh and twelfth data releases of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey : final data from SDSS-III

The third generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-III) took data from 2008 to 2014 using the original SDSS wide-field imager, the original and an upgraded multi-object fiber-fed optical spectrograph, a new nearinfrared high-resolution spectrograph, and a novel optical interferometer. All of the data from SDSS-III are now made public. In particular, this paper describes Data Release 11 (DR11) including all data acquired through 2013 July, and Data Release 12 (DR12) adding data acquired through 2014 July (including all data included in previous data releases), marking the end of SDSS-III observing. Relative to our previous public release (DR10), DR12 adds one million new spectra of galaxies and quasars from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) over an additional 3000 deg2 of sky, more than triples the number of H-band spectra of stars as part of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE), and includes repeated accurate radial velocity measurements of 5500 stars from the Multi-object APO Radial Velocity Exoplanet Large-area Survey (MARVELS). The APOGEE outputs now include the measured abundances of 15 different elements for each star. In total, SDSS-III added 5200 deg2 of ugriz imaging; 155,520 spectra of 138,099 stars as part of the Sloan Exploration of Galactic Understanding and Evolution 2 (SEGUE-2) survey; 2,497,484 BOSS spectra of 1,372,737 galaxies, 294,512 quasars, and 247,216 stars over 9376 deg2; 618,080 APOGEE spectra of 156,593 stars; and 197,040 MARVELS spectra of 5513 stars. Since its first light in 1998, SDSS has imaged over 1/3 of the Celestial sphere in five bands and obtained over five million astronomical spectra

Mutations In Klhl40 Are A Frequent Cause Of Severe Autosomal-Recessive Nemaline Myopathy

Nemaline myopathy (NEM) is a common congenital myopathy. At the very severe end of the NEM clinical spectrum are genetically unresolved cases of autosomal-recessive fetal akinesia sequence. We studied a multinational cohort of 143 severe-NEM-affected families lacking genetic diagnosis. We performed whole-exome sequencing of six families and targeted gene sequencing of additional families. We identified 19 mutations in KLHL40 (kelch-like family member 40) in 28 apparently unrelated NEM kindreds of various ethnicities. Accounting for up to 28% of the tested individuals in the Japanese cohort, KLHL40 mutations were found to be the most common cause of this severe form of NEM. Clinical features of affected individuals were severe and distinctive and included fetal akinesia or hypokinesia and contractures, fractures, respiratory failure, and swallowing difficulties at birth. Molecular modeling suggested that the missense substitutions would destabilize the protein. Protein studies showed that KLHL40 is a striated-muscle-specific protein that is absent in KLHL40-associated NEM skeletal muscle. In zebrafish, klhl40a and klhl40b expression is largely confined to the myotome and skeletal muscle, and knockdown of these isoforms results in disruption of muscle structure and loss of movement. We identified KLHL40 mutations as a frequent cause of severe autosomal-recessive NEM and showed that it plays a key role in muscle development and function. Screening of KLHL40 should be a priority in individuals who are affected by autosomal-recessive NEM and who present with prenatal symptoms and/or contractures and in all Japanese individuals with severe NEM.WoSScopu