Atividade sérica da enzima paraoxonase (PON-1) em equinos submetidos a administração intramuscular de diferentes adjuvantes vacinais / Activity of the enzyme paraoxonase (PON-1) in horses submitted to intramuscular injection of vaccinal adjuvants

A PON-1 é uma proteína de fase aguda inflamatória e sua atividade plasmática tem sido utilizada para fins de diagnóstico e prognóstico. Objetivou-se avaliar a atividade de PON-1 em equinos submetidos a estímulo inflamatório agudo local através da administração de adjuvantes vacinais. Utilizou-se 12 equinos, 8 machos e 4 fêmeas com idades entre 2-4 anos, divididos em 3 grupos: controle (CONT), xantana (Xa) e hidróxido de alumínio (HA). Nos grupos Xa e HA administrou-se 2 mL do respectivo adjuvante vacinal por via intramuscular, e solução salina no grupo CONT. Amostras de sangue seriadas (1 a 72 horas após administração) foram coletadas para avaliação da atividade da PON-1 no soro por espectrofotometria. Clinicamente os animais dos grupos Xa e HA apresentaram edema e sensibilidade no sítio de aplicação do adjuvante. Os valores plasmáticos de PON-1 mínimos e máximos identificados estavam entre 38,5 a 76,5 U/mL, níveis esses semelhantes ao descrito como intervalo de referência para equinos saudáveis. Comparando os grupos, não foi observada diferença nas concentrações de PON-1, independente do momento avaliado (p>0,05). Conclui-se que a atividade da PON-1 não apresentou diminuição frente a processos inflamatórios agudos locais estimulados através da administração dos adjuvantes vacinais em equinos, não se concretizando um marcador de confiabilidade em alterações inflamatórias localizadas

Features of Immunosenescence in Women Newly Diagnosed With Breast Cancer

Adults exposed to childhood maltreatment have increased stress reactivity. This profile is associated with dysregulation of the immune system, including enhanced inflammatory reactions and accelerated senescence. Subjects exposed to ear stress have increased risk for several age-related diseases, including cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, and cancer. Although previous studies have reported immune changes in advanced cancer, very little information is available regarding early stage breast cancer. Here, 29 patients with breast cancer were recruited: 15 with history of childhood maltreatment (CM+) and 14 without history (CM−). Twenty-seven healthy women without CM were selected as the control group. Peripheral blood was collected and lymphocyte subsets phenotyped by multi-color flow cytometry (B cells, CD4+ T, CD8+ T, natural killer cells, activated T cells, regulatory T cells, and senescence-associated T cells). Because human cytomegalovirus (CMV) was associated with signatures of early senescence, the CMV serology was determined by ELISA. None of the subjects had IgM reactivity to CMV, excluding acute viral infection. There was a higher proportion of patients with increased CMV IgG levels in the CM+ group as compared to CM− or controls. Different stages of T-cell differentiation can be determined based on the cell-surface expression of the costimulatory molecules CD27 and CD28: ear (CD27+CD28+), intermediate-differentiated (CD27−CD28+), and late-differentiated or senescent T cells (CD27−CD28−). After adjusting for age and education, ear T cells (CD27+CD28+) were found reduced in CM+ and CM− patients (p < 0.0001). In contrast, intermediate-differentiated T cells (CD27−CD28+; p < 0.0001), senescent T cells (CD27−CD28−; p < 0.0001), and exhausted T cells (CD8+CD27−CD28−PD1+; p < 0.0001) were found expanded in both CM+ and CM− groups. Our data suggest that features of immunosenescence are associated with newly diagnosed breast cancer, regardless of the CM history

Production of He-4 and (4) in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV at the LHC

Results on the production of He-4 and (4) nuclei in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 2.76 TeV in the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar <1, using the ALICE detector, are presented in this paper. The rapidity densities corresponding to 0-10% central events are found to be dN/dy4(He) = (0.8 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.3 (syst)) x 10(-6) and dN/dy4 = (1.1 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.2 (syst)) x 10(-6), respectively. This is in agreement with the statistical thermal model expectation assuming the same chemical freeze-out temperature (T-chem = 156 MeV) as for light hadrons. The measured ratio of (4)/He-4 is 1.4 +/- 0.8 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst). (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Perfil de risco imunol?gico e resposta humoral ao citomegalov?rus e associa??o com o estado cognitivo funcional em idosos

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:53:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 443857.pdf: 104654 bytes, checksum: d14d1ff631f377fd5683daa19fc320f5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-30Introduction: The immune risk phenotype (IRP), as shown by increased CD8+ and low CD4+ T cell counts, and cognitive impairment have been associated with increased morbidity and mortality in very old subjects. Recent evidence suggests that persistent viral infections of the herpesviridae family such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) are likely to be involved with these specific T cell changes. This study aims to identify the IRP and investigate possible associations with viral infections, cognitive and functional states of elderly in Brazil. Material and Methods: 360 elders aged between 60-103 years were recruited from the public health care system in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Peripheral blood was collected and lymphocyte subsets (CD4+, CD8+, NK, NK T, B and CD8+CD28-) assessed by multi-color flow cytometry. CMV and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) serologies were determined by ELISAs. Cognitive function was evaluated by the word list memory and constructional praxis from the standard neuropsychological battery of Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer s Disease and Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) inventory. PFEFFER Functional Activities Questionnaire was used to determine activities of daily living. Results: 59 individuals were defined with IRP (CD4/CD8 ratio < 1). Increased IgG titers to CMV (p<0.01) but not to EBV were found in the IRP+ group as compared to non-IRP. The IRP+ elders had a greater late-memory deficit (p<0.05) and more functional disability and dependency (p=0.01) when compared with the non-IRP group. Subjects with both IRP and cognitive impairment did not show synergist effects upon lymphocytes or viral serologies. Conclusions: The IRP was identified in 16% of the Brazilian community dwellers. Our data further indicate the association of CMV with IRP and both cognitive and functional disability/dependency during aging.Introdu??o: O fen?tipo risco imunol?gico (IRP) tem sido demonstrado pelo aumento de c?lulas T CD8+ e baixa contagem de T CD4+, e o comprometimento cognitivo t?m sido associado com aumento da morbidade e mortalidade em idiv?duos muito velhos. Evid?ncias recentes sugerem que infec??es virais persistentes da fam?lia Herpesviridae como o citomegalov?rus (CMV) s?o mais propensos a desenvolverem estas altera??es nas c?lulas T espec?ficas. Este estudo visa identificar o IRP e investigar poss?veis associa??es com infec??es virais, e com o estado cognitivo e funcional em idosos do Brasil. Material e M?todos: 360 idosos com idades entre 60-103 anos foram recrutados a partir do sistema p?blico de sa?de em Porto Alegre, Brasil. O sangue perif?rico foi recolhido e os subconjuntos de linf?citos (c?lulas T CD4 +, CD8 +, c?lulas NK, NK T, B e CD8+CD28-) foram avaliados por citometria de fluxo. A sorologias para CMV e para o v?rus de Epstein-Barr (EBV) foram determinadas por ELISA. A fun??o cognitiva foi avaliada atrav?s da lista de palavras e praxia construtiva do Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer s Disease (CERAD), do teste de mem?ria verbal e l?gica de Wechesler, e do Mini Exame de Estado Mental (MEEM). O question?rio de Atividade Funcionais PFEFFER foi utilizado para determinar as atividades da vida di?ria. Resultados: 59 indiv?duos foram definidos com IRP. T?tulos aumentados de IgG para CMV (p <0,01), mas n?o para o EBV foram encontrados no grupo IRP+ grupo quando comparados ao grupo Non-IRP. Idosos com IRP+ apresentaram um maior d?ficit de mem?ria tardia (p <0,05) e maior depend?ncia e incapacidade funcional (p = 0,01) em rela??o ao grupo Non-IRP. Indiv?duos com IRP e com d?ficit cognitivo n?o demonstraram efeitos sin?rgicos sobre as popula??es de linf?citos ou sorologias virais. Conclus?es: O IRP foi identificado em 16% dos moradores de comunidades brasileira. Nossos dados ainda indicam uma importante associa??o do CMV com IRP e ambos com o estado cognitivo e funcional defici?ncia/depend?ncia durante o envelhecimento

Surfactant-based transdermal system for fluconazole skin delivery

The development of a controlled-release dosage form of antifungals is of crucial importance in view of the side-effects of conventional oral and intravenous treatments of Sporotrichosis. In this study, systems composed of polyoxypropylene (5) polyoxyethylene (20) cetyl alcohol (PPG-5-CETETH-20) as a surfactant, oleic acid as an oil phase, and water were developed as a possible fluconazole transdermal drug delivery system. The systems were characterised by polarised light microscopy (PLM), SAXS, and rheological analysis, followed by cellular and histological analyses, in vitro release assays, and ex vivo skin permeation and retention studies using porcine ear tissue and a Franz diffusion cell. PLM and SAXS results indicated that the mixtures of surfactant, oil and water formed micellar and lamellar phases. The incorporation of fluconazole in these systems was greater than in water and conventional dosage forms. Micellar systems behave as Newtonian fluids, being more viscous than elastic in rheological analysis, and lamellar phases behave as pseudoplastic fluids with high elastic moduli. In vitro and in vivo biological assays showed that the formulations did not affect normal cell macrophages and did not promote skin irritation. The release profile indicated that fluconazole could be released in a controlled manner. It was found that the systems enhanced drug permeation and skin retention by changing only the composition of the components in the formulations. Therefore, PPG-5-CETETH-20- based systems have great potential as transdermal systems with different structural and rheological characteristics for Sporotrichosis treatment using antifungal drugs.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq