The ileum as a determinant organ of the functional liver cell mass in rats

PURPOSE: To evaluate if the ileum resection changes the functioning liver cell mass, the hepatic metabolism and the biodistribution of radiopharmaceutical in rats. METHODS: Twelve Wistar rats weighing 285g±34g were randomly divided into the ileum resection group (n = 6) and sham group rats (n = 6). After 30 days, they were anesthetized and 0.1mL of 99m-Tc-phytate(0.66MBq) was injected via femoral vein. After 30 minutes, blood samples were collected for red blood cells radioactive labeling and serum ALT, AST and gammaGT. Liver samples were used for 99m-Tc-phytatepercentage of radioactivity/gram of tissue and histopathology. Student’s t test was used with significance 0.05. RESULTS: There was a higher uptake of 99m-Tc-phytate in the liver of sham rats, compared to the ileum resection group (p<0.05). GammaGT, ALT and AST were increased in ileum resection rats compared to sham (p<0.05). The he patocytes count was significantly lower in ileum resection group than in sham (p<0.05). Liver: body mass ratio was lower in experimental animals than in sham group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: These data support that the ileum has important role in liver function and liver mass regulation, and they have potential clinical implications regarding the pathogenesis of liver injury following lower bowel resection

Clinical judgment performance of undergraduate Nursing students

Objetivo: avaliar o desempenho referido sobre julgamento clínico por estudantes de graduação em enfermagem. Método: estudo transversal, com a aplicação da Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric-Brazilian Version em 166 estudantes da graduação em enfermagem de uma universidade pública do Brasil. Os dados foram analisados de forma descritiva e analítica (comparando o nível de julgamento clínico entre estudantes dos grupos iniciante, intermediário e concluinte). Aplicaram-se os testes: Qui-quadrado, Exato de Fisher e Kruskal-Wallis, e adotou-se p-valor 0,05. A confiabilidade do instrumento global (alpha de Cronbach) foi de 0,786. Resultados: dos 166 estudantes, 65,7% se avaliaram como proficientes em relação ao desempenho referido sobre julgamento clínico. Das 11 dimensões da rubrica (observação focada, reconhecimento de desvios dos padrões esperados, busca por informações, priorização dos dados, compreensão dos dados, atuação calma e confiante, comunicação clara, intervenção bem planejada/flexibilidade, habilidade técnica, avaliação/autoanálise e comprometimento com o aperfeiçoamento), apenas quatro não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os grupos (p&lt;0,05): observação focada, busca por informações, priorização dos dados, atuação calma e confiante. Conclusão: O desempenho referido sobre julgamento clínico como proficiente foi apontado por 65,7% estudantes e foi verificada diferença estatística significante, em sete dimensões, entre os iniciantes, intermediários e concluintes, compatível com a evolução da aprendizagem.Objetivo: evaluar la capacidad referida de juicio clínico de estudiantes de licenciatura en enfermería. Método: estudio transversal con aplicación de la Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric-Brazilian Version en 166 estudiantes de licenciatura en enfermería de una universidad pública de Brasil. Los datos se analizaron de forma descriptiva y analítica (comparando el nivel de juicio clínico entre los estudiantes de los grupos principiante, intermedio y avanzado). Se aplicaron las pruebas: Chi-cuadrado, Exacta de Fisher y Kruskal-Wallis, y se adoptó un p-valor de 0,05. La confiabilidad del instrumento global (alfa de Cronbach) fue de 0,786. Resultados: de los 166 estudiantes, el 65,7% se evaluó como competente en relación con la capacidad referida de juicio clínico. De las 11 dimensiones de la rúbrica (observación enfocada, reconocimiento de desviaciones de los estándares esperados, búsqueda de información, priorización de datos, comprensión de datos, desempeño tranquilo y seguro, comunicación clara, intervención bien planificada/flexibilidad, habilidad técnica, evaluación/autoanálisis y compromiso con la mejora), solo cuatro no mostraron diferencias significativas entre grupos (p&lt;0,05): observación enfocada, búsqueda de información, priorización de datos, desempeño tranquilo y seguro. Conclusión: el 65,7% de los estudiantes consideró que poseía juicio clínico competente y hubo una diferencia estadísticamente significativa, en siete dimensiones, entre principiantes, intermedios y avanzados, compatible con la evolución del aprendizaje.Objective: to evaluate the reported performance regarding clinical judgment by undergraduate Nursing students. Method: a cross-sectional study with the application of the Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric-Brazilian Version in 166 undergraduate Nursing students from a Brazilian public university. The data were analyzed descriptively and analytically (by comparing the level of clinical judgment among students from the initial, intermediate, and concluding groups). The following tests were applied: Chi-square, Fisher’s Exact and Kruskal-Wallis, and a p-value of 0.05 was adopted. The reliability of the global instrument (Cronbach’s alpha) was 0.786. Results: of the 166 students, 65.7% evaluated themselves as proficient in relation to the reported performance on clinical judgment. Of the rubric’s 11 dimensions (focused observation, recognizing deviations from expected patterns, information seeking, prioritizing data, making sense of data, calm and confident manner, clear communication, well-planned intervention/flexibility, being skillful, evaluation/self-analysis, and commitment to improvement), only four groups did not present significant differences among them (p&lt;0.05): focused observation, information seeking, prioritizing data, and calm and confident manner. Conclusion: the performance on clinical judgment reported as proficient was pointed out by 65.7% of the students and a significant statistical difference was verified in seven dimensions, among beginners, intermediate, and concluding students, compatible with the evolution of learning

MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mammals in Portugal: a data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in Portugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with ~26% of all species being included in the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associated with habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mammals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion for marine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems functionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is crucial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublished georeferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mammals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira that includes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occurring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live observations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%), bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent less than 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrows | soil mounds | tunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animal | hair | skulls | jaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8), observation in shelters, (9) photo trapping | video, (10) predators diet | pellets | pine cones/nuts, (11) scat | track | ditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalization | echolocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and 100 m (76%). Rodentia (n =31,573) has the highest number of records followed by Chiroptera (n = 18,857), Carnivora (n = 18,594), Lagomorpha (n = 17,496), Cetartiodactyla (n = 11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n = 7008). The data set includes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened (e.g., Oryctolagus cuniculus [n = 12,159], Monachus monachus [n = 1,512], and Lynx pardinus [n = 197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate the publication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contribute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting on the development of more accurate and tailored conservation management strategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications

Adsorção de solução micelar (OCS) em rochas calcárias para análise da molhabilidade/ Micellar solution adsorption (OCS) on limestone rocks for wet analysis

O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a influência da adsorção do tensoativo OCS em diferentes tipos de calcários visando analisar sua molhabilidade. Para isso duas amostras de calcário extraídas da microrregião de Mossoró/RN foram inicialmente caracterizadas através das técnicas de granulometria, fluorescência de raios-X (FRX), difração de raios-X (DRX) e termogravimetria (TG). Em seguida, ensaios de adsorção do tensoativo OCS nas amostras de calcários foram realizados pelo método banho finito. Posteriormente, as amostras foram submetidas às análises de tensão superficial, potencial zeta e ângulo de contato. As amostras de calcário foram classificadas, como calcário calcítico e dolomítico. As duas amostras apresentaram bom desempenho em adsorver o tensoativo OCS, sendo mais significativa com o calcário calcítico. Em relação à molhabilidade, as amostras foram classificadas como mistas

INCIDÊNCIA DO TRATAMENTO CIRÚRGICO DA ARTRITE INFECCIOSA NO BRASIL ENTRE 2017 A 2022

Introdução: Artrite séptica é uma doença aguda e agressiva, com alta morbidade. No passado, amputações eram realizadas para salvar vidas. No século XIX, crianças com infecções articulares enfrentavam risco de morte ou sequelas graves. Tratamentos focados na função articular e uso de antibióticos reduziram a mortalidade, mas a morbidade permaneceu alta. A abordagem terapêutica varia entre punção articular e drenagem cirúrgica. Drenagem cirúrgica é necessária em casos de ombro, quadril, joelho e infecções associadas a próteses articulares. Artroscopia é preferível para joelho, ombro e punhos, enquanto a cirurgia aberta é preferível para o quadril⁵. Objetivo: Traçar o perfil epidemiológico do tratamento cirúrgico de artrite infecciosa no Brasil entre 2017 a 2022 e avaliar sua incidência nos estados brasileiros. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal e de abordagem quantitativa. Foram analisados números de Tratamento Cirúrgico da Artrite infecciosa (Grandes e Médias articulações), “0408060557”, e Tratamento Cirúrgico de Artrite Infecciosa das pequenas articulações “040860565”, entre janeiro de 2017 a janeiro de 2022, coletados do sistema de informações ambulatoriais e do sistema de informações hospitalares do SUS, pelo DATASUS. Resultados: No Brasil, entre jan/2017 e jan/2022, foram feitos 24.541 tratamentos cirúrgicos para artrite infecciosa. A região Sudeste teve destaque nas cirurgias de grandes/médias articulações com 9.224 casos (37,59%), seguida pelo Nordeste com 4.950 casos (20,17%). A região Norte apresentou menor incidência. Na Sudeste, 984 procedimentos (4,01%) foram para pequenas articulações. Em relação aos municípios, São Paulo liderou com 1.213 tratamentos (4,94%), seguido de Belo Horizonte com 1.050 (4,28%). Salvador teve menor incidência, com 362 procedimentos (1,48%). 405 pacientes (1,65%) faleceram após a cirurgia. Conclusão: Cirurgias são mais comuns nas grandes e médias articulações, principalmente na região Sudeste, seguida pelo Nordeste. A região Sudeste também lidera em cirurgias de pequenas articulações, com 984 procedimentos. É importante investir em prevenção, diagnóstico precoce e tratamento adequado para o controle da doença. O tratamento da artrite séptica no Brasil é um desafio junto ao acesso limitado que requer uma abordagem multidisciplinar e a disponibilidade de recursos adequados. A artrite séptica é uma condição grave que pode levar à incapacidade física se não trata em tempo oportuno

Percursos DE educação linguística: uma homenagem a Maria Helena Ançã

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Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

Long-term safety and efficacy of patisiran for hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis with polyneuropathy: 12-month results of an open-label extension study

© 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Background: Hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis is a rare, inherited, progressive disease caused by mutations in the transthyretin (TTR) gene. We assessed the safety and efficacy of long-term treatment with patisiran, an RNA interference therapeutic that inhibits TTR production, in patients with hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis with polyneuropathy. Methods: This multicentre, open-label extension (OLE) trial enrolled patients at 43 hospitals or clinical centres in 19 countries as of Sept 24, 2018. Patients were eligible if they had completed the phase 3 APOLLO or phase 2 OLE parent studies and tolerated the study drug. Eligible patients from APOLLO (patisiran and placebo groups) and the phase 2 OLE (patisiran group) studies enrolled in this global OLE trial and received patisiran 0·3 mg/kg by intravenous infusion every 3 weeks with plans to continue to do so for up to 5 years. Efficacy assessments included measures of polyneuropathy (modified Neuropathy Impairment Score +7 [mNIS+7]), quality of life, autonomic symptoms, nutritional status, disability, ambulation status, motor function, and cardiac stress, with analysis by study groups (APOLLO-placebo, APOLLO-patisiran, phase 2 OLE patisiran) based on allocation in the parent trial. The global OLE is ongoing with no new enrolment, and current findings are based on the interim analysis of the patients who had completed 12-month efficacy assessments as of the data cutoff. Safety analyses included all patients who received one or more dose of patisiran up to the data cutoff. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02510261. Findings: Between July 13, 2015, and Aug 21, 2017, of 212 eligible patients, 211 were enrolled: 137 patients from the APOLLO-patisiran group, 49 from the APOLLO-placebo group, and 25 from the phase 2 OLE patisiran group. At the data cutoff on Sept 24, 2018, 126 (92%) of 137 patients from the APOLLO-patisiran group, 38 (78%) of 49 from the APOLLO-placebo group, and 25 (100%) of 25 from the phase 2 OLE patisiran group had completed 12-month assessments. At 12 months, improvements in mNIS+7 with patisiran were sustained from parent study baseline with treatment in the global OLE (APOLLO-patisiran mean change -4·0, 95 % CI -7·7 to -0·3; phase 2 OLE patisiran -4·7, -11·9 to 2·4). Mean mNIS+7 score improved from global OLE enrolment in the APOLLO-placebo group (mean change from global OLE enrolment -1·4, 95% CI -6·2 to 3·5). Overall, 204 (97%) of 211 patients reported adverse events, 82 (39%) reported serious adverse events, and there were 23 (11%) deaths. Serious adverse events were more frequent in the APOLLO-placebo group (28 [57%] of 49) than in the APOLLO-patisiran (48 [35%] of 137) or phase 2 OLE patisiran (six [24%] of 25) groups. The most common treatment-related adverse event was mild or moderate infusion-related reactions. The frequency of deaths in the global OLE was higher in the APOLLO-placebo group (13 [27%] of 49), who had a higher disease burden than the APOLLO-patisiran (ten [7%] of 137) and phase 2 OLE patisiran (0 of 25) groups. Interpretation: In this interim 12-month analysis of the ongoing global OLE study, patisiran appeared to maintain efficacy with an acceptable safety profile in patients with hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis with polyneuropathy. Continued long-term follow-up will be important for the overall assessment of safety and efficacy with patisiran.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio