Introduction

L’époque est terminée où les mouvements nationalistes, lorsqu’ils étaient écoutés, ou les partis communistes, quand ils étaient forts, entretenaient des relations privilégiées avec les étudiants, les créateurs, les avant-gardes intellectuelles. Les mouvements terroristes n’ont plus de relations organiques avec les « grands » intellectuels de notre temps. Il n’y a pas d’intellectuels républicains, ou soutiens de l’ETA. Il n’y a pas de poète du terrorisme, ni des fous de Dieu. On ne trouvera pa..

Hommage à Arsène Bonafous-Murat (1935-2011)

Né à Paris le 21 mars 1935, Arsène Bonafous-Murat y est décédé le 18 avril 2011. Tout le monde s’accordera pour dire d’Arsène Bonafous-Murat à la fois qu’il était un de nos grands marchands d’estampes et qu’il avait un caractère affirmé. Arsène était le fils d’un chanteur d’opéra, Félix Bonafous-Murat, devenu marchand de timbres, qu’il n’a pas connu. Il fut momentanément élevé par sa tante Suzanne. De 1939 à 1942, il vécut dans une ferme, dans l’Yonne, époque dont il gardait de bons souvenirs..

The SuperCam Instrument Suite on the Mars 2020 Rover: Science Objectives and Mast-Unit Description

On the NASA 2020 rover mission to Jezero crater, the remote determination of the texture, mineralogy and chemistry of rocks is essential to quickly and thoroughly characterize an area and to optimize the selection of samples for return to Earth. As part of the Perseverance payload, SuperCam is a suite of five techniques that provide critical and complementary observations via Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), Time-Resolved Raman and Luminescence (TRR/L), visible and near-infrared spectroscopy (VISIR), high-resolution color imaging (RMI), and acoustic recording (MIC). SuperCam operates at remote distances, primarily 2-7 m, while providing data at sub-mm to mm scales. We report on SuperCam's science objectives in the context of the Mars 2020 mission goals and ways the different techniques can address these questions. The instrument is made up of three separate subsystems: the Mast Unit is designed and built in France; the Body Unit is provided by the United States; the calibration target holder is contributed by Spain, and the targets themselves by the entire science team. This publication focuses on the design, development, and tests of the Mast Unit; companion papers describe the other units. The goal of this work is to provide an understanding of the technical choices made, the constraints that were imposed, and ultimately the validated performance of the flight model as it leaves Earth, and it will serve as the foundation for Mars operations and future processing of the data.In France was provided by the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Human resources were provided in part by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and universities. Funding was provided in the US by NASA's Mars Exploration Program. Some funding of data analyses at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) was provided by laboratory-directed research and development funds

Production and hydration of calcium sulfoaluminate-belite cements derived from aluminium anodising sludge

Calcium sulfoaluminate-belite cement (CSAB) offers lower CO2 emissions in its production, compared with Portland cement. However, for the production of CSAB a high amount of alumina is required, and the scarcity and high cost of high-purity bauxite make these cements costly at present. In this study, the use of uncalcined aluminium anodising sludge (AAS) as the main source of alumina to produce CSAB clinkers, replacing bauxite, was assessed. The CSAB clinkers produced were mainly composed of ye’elimite and belite, along with minor traces of alite, and/or brownmillerite, depending on the alumina source. Clinkers derived from AAS as a source of aluminium showed a lower content of ye’elimite (35.5%), as well as the formation of alite (8.2%) when compared to a reference clinker produced with reagent-grade materials. Comparable hydration products were identified in the hydrated cements independent of the alumina source used. The use of AAS to produce CSAB cement was proven to be technically feasible, and the cement thus produced has desirable technical characteristics, presenting high mechanical strength (>40 MPa in paste samples)

Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of cements

Cement is the ubiquitous material upon which modern civilisation is built, providing long-term strength, impermeability and durability for housing and infrastructure. The fundamental chemical interactions which control the structure and performance of cements have been the subject of intense research for decades, but the complex, crystallographically disordered nature of the key phases which form in hardened cements has raised difficulty in obtaining detailed information about local structure, reaction mechanisms and kinetics. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SS NMR)spectroscopy can resolve key atomic structural details within these materials and has emerged as a crucial tool in characterising cement structure and properties. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the application of multinuclear SS NMR spectroscopy to understand composition–structure–property relationships in cements. This includes anhydrous and hydrated phases in Portland cement, calcium aluminate cements, calcium sulfoaluminate cements, magnesia-based cements, alkali-activated and geopolymer cements and synthetic model systems. Advanced and multidimensional experiments probe 1 H, 13 C, 17 O, 19 F, 23 Na, 25 Mg, 27 Al, 29 Si, 31 P, 33 S, 35 Cl, 39 K and 43 Ca nuclei, to study atomic structure, phase evolution, nanostructural development, reaction mechanisms and kinetics. Thus, the mechanisms controlling the physical properties of cements can now be resolved and understood at an unprecedented and essential level of detail

Fran Brearton : The Great War in Irish Poetry : W.B. Yeats to Michael Longley, 2000

Bonafous-Murat Carle. Fran Brearton : The Great War in Irish Poetry : W.B. Yeats to Michael Longley, 2000. In: Études irlandaises, n°27-1, 2002. pp. 193-194

Mulher Política: uma Questão de Gênero?

Através de um estudo de corpus que leva à exploração das entrevistas de mulheres políticas veiculadas no jornal Le Monde de 1995 à 2000, dois anos da revista Elle (1995 e 1997) e o conjunto das intervenções públicas de oito ministros (homens e mulheres) de junho de 1997 à dezembro de 2000, Simone Bonnafous coloca a questão das especificidades da expressão de si das mulheres na política. Ela foi levada a distinguir três modalidades diferentes de expressão: a argumentação explícita pelo gênero, a argumentação indireta ou implícita e, enfim, a mobilização em parte inconsciente de modos enunciativos e estilísticos específicosPALAVRAS-CHAVE: Gênero. Mulheres políticas. Discurso.A travers une étude de corpus qui l’amène à explorer les interviews de femmes politiques parues dans le quotidien Le Monde de 1995 à 2000, deux années du magazine Elle (1995 et 1997) et l’ensemble des interventions publiques de huit ministres (hommes et femmes) de juin 1997 à décembre 2000, Simone Bonnafous pose la question des spécificités de l’expression de soi des femmes en politique. Elle est amenée à distinguer trois modalités différentes d’expression : l’argumentation explicite par le genre, l’argumentation indirecte ou implicite et enfin la mobilisation en partie inconsciente de modes énonciatifs et stylistiques spécifiques.MOTS-CLÉ: Genre. Femmes politiques. Discours. RESUMOAtravés de um estudo de corpus que leva à exploração das entrevistas de mulheres políticas veiculadas no jornal Le Monde de 1995 à 2000, dois anos da revista Elle (1995 e 1997) e o conjunto das intervenções públicas de oito ministros (homens e mulheres) de junho de 1997 à dezembro de 2000, Simone Bonnafous coloca a questão das especificidades da expressão de si das mulheres na política. Ela foi levada a distinguir três modalidades diferentes de expressão: a argumentação explícita pelo gênero, a argumentação indireta ou implícita e, enfim, a mobilização em parte inconsciente de modos enunciativos e estilísticos específicosPALAVRAS-CHAVE: Gênero. Mulheres políticas. Discurso

Phillip L. Marcus, Yeats Artistic Power [1992], 2nd ed, 2001

Bonafous-Murat Carle. Phillip L. Marcus, Yeats Artistic Power [1992], 2nd ed, 2001. In: Études irlandaises, n°27-2, 2002. L'Irlande du Haut Moyen Âge : une culture éclectique ? pp. 189-190

Gli stimoli visivi nell’interpretazione simultanea: misurazione ed evaluazione del carico cognitivo percepito derivante da due tipidi stimolo visivo differenti

An experiment aimed at mesuring cognitive load resulting from the interpretation of two speeches with two different types of visual input is conducted