Modeling the dust emission from PN IC418

We construct a detailed model for the IR dust emission from the PN IC 418. We succeed to reproduce the emission from 2 to 200$\mu$m. We can determine the amount of emitting dust as well as its composition, and compare to the depletion of elements determined for the photoionized region.Comment: Poster contribution (2 pages, 1 figure) to IAU Symposium 283: "Planetary Nebulae: An Eye to the Future" held in Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife, Spain in July 25th-29th 2011. Few typos correcte

Designing Power-Efficient Modulation Formats for Noncoherent Optical Systems

We optimize modulation formats for the additive white Gaussian noise channel with a nonnegative input constraint, also known as the intensity-modulated direct detection channel, with and without confining them to a lattice structure. Our optimization criteria are the average electrical and optical power. The nonnegativity input signal constraint is translated into a conical constraint in signal space, and modulation formats are designed by sphere packing inside this cone. Some remarkably dense packings are found, which yield more power-efficient modulation formats than previously known. For example, at a spectral efficiency of 1 bit/s/Hz, the obtained modulation format offers a 0.86 dB average electrical power gain and 0.43 dB average optical power gain over the previously best known modulation formats to achieve a symbol error rate of 10^-6. This modulation turns out to have a lattice-based structure. At a spectral efficiency of 3/2 bits/s/Hz and to achieve a symbol error rate of 10^-6, the modulation format obtained for optimizing the average electrical power offers a 0.58 dB average electrical power gain over the best lattice-based modulation and 2.55 dB gain over the best previously known format. However, the modulation format optimized for average optical power offers a 0.46 dB average optical power gain over the best lattice-based modulation and 1.35 dB gain over the best previously known format.Comment: Submitted to Globecom 201

The Effects of Development on Policies in the Prevention of International Human Trafficking

Governments and leaders across the globe almost universally agree that human trafficking is a modern atrocity that has harshly negative effects for individuals, communities, entire states and the international community. Nevertheless, they are not in agreement on how best to investigate cases and provide aid to victims. Many states lack the resources to effectively create and implement policies. Governments must act to protect their citizens and people within their borders. Policies are necessary to correctly identify victims, investigate accusations, bring cases to trial and prevent vulnerable populations from becoming victimized through awareness. This thesis asserts that there is a link between the development level of a state and its ability to limit the grotesque crimes of trafficking that occur within its borders. Using the United Nation\u27s annual report which details the development ranking of individual states, it is possible to comparatively analyze the ability of these states to comply with international standards established by the United States of America in the protection of victims of human trafficking. Special attention is paid to the challenges that societies face when there are drastic changes to states\u27 economic activity or political stability and how these affect the frequency of trafficking occurrences and a government’s ability to respond

Integracyjne kształcenie niepełnosprawnych w Wyższej Szkole Rolniczo-Pedagogicznej w Siedlcach

The main assumptions are presented here of the programme of integrative education of handicapped students that was put into practice in 1991 in the Agricultural-Pedagogical College in Siedlce. The author - rector of the college - also presents the first results of the programme. Among the most important he includes the integration of handicapped and non-handicapped students.W artykule przedstawiono podstawowe założenia programu integracyjnego kształcenia studentów niepełnosprawnych, który został wprowadzony w 1991 r. w Wyższej Szkole Rolniczo-Pedagogicznej w Siedlcach. Autor - rektor uczelni - przedstawia również pierwsze efekty wdrożenia programu. Do najważniejszych zalicza m.in. obserwowaną integrację młodzieży pełnosprawnej i niepełnosprawnej

Jurydyki i libertacje królewskich miast podlaskich do połowy XVII wieku

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