Markov Model Based Oriya Isolated Speech Recognizer-An Emerging Solution for Visually Impaired Students in School and Public Examination

In this paper we have tried to focus on problems faced by visually impaired students of Orissa in school and public examinations and discussed the emerging solutions to those problems at the end in order to minimize those problems. Assessment plays an important role in the education system for evaluating student’s skill in that area. Assessment can be carried out by allowing students to appear exam in terms objective or non-objective type questions but due to the advantages offered by objective type assessment like offer speedier marking, reduced need for cross marking, greater fairness (reliability), more coverage of the syllabus and finally automate the marking process which enforces examination system to be held as objective rather non-objective type. Therefore, it is mostly implemented in examination system conducted in public or school exams. But it is very regret to mention that this assessment procedure is not well suitable for students those are visually impaired as they are unable to read what they have written or it is not possible to know if the ribbon has run out or if the line spacing is faulty unless the supervisor tells them. These are the main obstacles faced by visually challenged people which lead to disqualification for higher studies that ultimately reason to failure of motto i.e. “Education for All”. In this research study we have considered close ended objective type question. All possible responses of the closed questions are designed such a way that they are mutually exclusive. The closed ended questions are of five types namely fill-in-the-blanks questions, dichotomous questions, ranking scale questions, multiple choice questions and rating scale questions. As all the answers to the above types of questions carry isolated answers, we have developed Oriya isolated speech recognition system which can easily convert isolated answers uttered by visually impaired students to isolated text(isolated speech to isolated text). Hence, visually impaired students can answer the question as normal student because they do not need at all their hand and eyes to respond the answer. As a result of which overcomes the problem faced by visually challenged people to answer the questions without help of keyboard. Oriya isolated recognition system is developed using hidden Markov Model by incorporating1800 isolated Oriya words collected from 30 speakers in training stage. Testing stage is carried out by considering 5 speakers which yields 76.23% word accuracy on seen data and 58.86% on unseen data

Emotion Recognition using Fuzzy K-Means from Oriya Speech

Communication will be intelligible when conveyed message is interpreted in right-minded. Unfortunately, the rightminded interpretation of communicated message is possible for human-human communication but it’s laborious for humanmachine communication. It is due to the inherently blending of non-verbal contents such as emotion in vocal communication which leads to difficulty in human-machine interaction. In this research paper we have performed experiment to recognize emotions like anger, sadness, astonish, fear, happiness and neutral using fuzzy K-Means algorithm from Oriya elicited speech collected from 35 Oriya speaking people aged between 22- 58 years belonging to different provinces of Orissa. We have achieved the accuracy of 65.16% in recognizing above six mentioned emotions by incorporating mean pitch, first two formants, jitter, shimmer and energy as feature vectors for this research work. Emotion recognition has many vivid applications in different domains like call centers, spoken tutoring systems, spoken dialogue research, human-robotic interfaces etc

Multifocal myxoid liposarcoma: a rare and controversial entity-case report with literature review

Multifocal soft tissue sarcoma (STS) is a rare and controversial entity, accounting for about 1% of patients with extremity STS and 4.5% of patients with liposarcoma. Multifocal presentation can occur synchronously or metachronously and is defined as the presence of tumor at two or more anatomically separate sites before the manifestation of disease in sites where sarcomas usually metastasize (e.g., lungs, liver, bone). Myxoid liposarcoma is the predominant histological type in multifocal presentation. This matter is debated as to whether  this entity represent an unusual pattern of metastasis or multiple separate primary tumors as the differentiation between second primary and metastatic lesions has major clinical consequences. Recent literatures based on molecular biologic analysis of tumor clonal heterogeneity suggest metastatic nature. Multifocal myxoid liposarcoma has an aggressive clinical course with frequent recurrences and poor prognosis. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment with adjuvant chemo and radiotherapy. Herein we are reporting a case of metachronous multifocal myxoid liposarcoma with multiple tumor sites (bilateral breasts, anterior chest wall, anterior abdominal wall, right shoulder area, left thigh etc.) which developed after one year of lumpectomy of myxoid liposarcoma of left breast. A recent review of literature pertaining to its unusual metastatic character, imaging and pathologic features is made

Production of He-4 and (4) in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV at the LHC

Results on the production of He-4 and (4) nuclei in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 2.76 TeV in the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar <1, using the ALICE detector, are presented in this paper. The rapidity densities corresponding to 0-10% central events are found to be dN/dy4(He) = (0.8 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.3 (syst)) x 10(-6) and dN/dy4 = (1.1 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.2 (syst)) x 10(-6), respectively. This is in agreement with the statistical thermal model expectation assuming the same chemical freeze-out temperature (T-chem = 156 MeV) as for light hadrons. The measured ratio of (4)/He-4 is 1.4 +/- 0.8 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst). (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Forward-central two-particle correlations in p-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

Two-particle angular correlations between trigger particles in the forward pseudorapidity range (2.5 2GeV/c. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B. V.Peer reviewe

Azimuthal anisotropy of charged jet production in root s(NN)=2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions

We present measurements of the azimuthal dependence of charged jet production in central and semi-central root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions with respect to the second harmonic event plane, quantified as nu(ch)(2) (jet). Jet finding is performed employing the anti-k(T) algorithm with a resolution parameter R = 0.2 using charged tracks from the ALICE tracking system. The contribution of the azimuthal anisotropy of the underlying event is taken into account event-by-event. The remaining (statistical) region-to-region fluctuations are removed on an ensemble basis by unfolding the jet spectra for different event plane orientations independently. Significant non-zero nu(ch)(2) (jet) is observed in semi-central collisions (30-50% centrality) for 20 <p(T)(ch) (jet) <90 GeV/c. The azimuthal dependence of the charged jet production is similar to the dependence observed for jets comprising both charged and neutral fragments, and compatible with measurements of the nu(2) of single charged particles at high p(T). Good agreement between the data and predictions from JEWEL, an event generator simulating parton shower evolution in the presence of a dense QCD medium, is found in semi-central collisions. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe

Event-shape engineering for inclusive spectra and elliptic flow in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV

Peer reviewe

Pseudorapidity and transverse-momentum distributions of charged particles in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

The pseudorapidity (eta) and transverse-momentum (p(T)) distributions of charged particles produced in proton-proton collisions are measured at the centre-of-mass energy root s = 13 TeV. The pseudorapidity distribution in vertical bar eta vertical bar <1.8 is reported for inelastic events and for events with at least one charged particle in vertical bar eta vertical bar <1. The pseudorapidity density of charged particles produced in the pseudorapidity region vertical bar eta vertical bar <0.5 is 5.31 +/- 0.18 and 6.46 +/- 0.19 for the two event classes, respectively. The transverse-momentum distribution of charged particles is measured in the range 0.15 <p(T) <20 GeV/c and vertical bar eta vertical bar <0.8 for events with at least one charged particle in vertical bar eta vertical bar <1. The evolution of the transverse momentum spectra of charged particles is also investigated as a function of event multiplicity. The results are compared with calculations from PYTHIA and EPOS Monte Carlo generators. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe

Elliptic flow of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays at forward rapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76TeV

The elliptic flow, v(2), of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays at forward rapidity (2.5 <y <4) is measured in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)= 2.76TeVwith the ALICE detector at the LHC. The scalar product, two- and four-particle Q cumulants and Lee-Yang zeros methods are used. The dependence of the v(2) of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays on the collision centrality, in the range 0-40%, and on transverse momentum, p(T), is studied in the interval 3 <p(T)<10 GeV/c. A positive v(2) is observed with the scalar product and two-particle Q cumulants in semi-central collisions (10-20% and 20-40% centrality classes) for the p(T) interval from 3 to about 5GeV/c with a significance larger than 3 sigma, based on the combination of statistical and systematic uncertainties. The v(2) magnitude tends to decrease towards more central collisions and with increasing pT. It becomes compatible with zero in the interval 6 <p(T)<10 GeV/c. The results are compared to models describing the interaction of heavy quarks and open heavy-flavour hadrons with the high-density medium formed in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe