A class of new results in FLM algebras

In this paper, we first derive some results by using the Gelfand spectrum and spectrum in FLM algebras. Then, the characterizations of multiplicative linear mappings are also discussed in these algebras

Deciphering lead tolerance mechanisms in a population of the plant species Biscutella auriculata L. from a mining area: Accumulation strategies and antioxidant defenses

The uptake and distribution of Pb and the mechanisms involved in the metal tolerance have been investigated in a mine population of Biscutella auriculata. Seedlings were exposed to 125 μM Pb(NO) for 15 days under semihydroponic conditions. The results showed an increase in the size of Pb-treated seedlings and symptoms of toxicity were not observed. ICP-OES analyses showed that Pb accumulation was restricted to root tissue. Imaging of Pb accumulation by dithizone histochemistry revealed the presence of the metal in vacuoles and cell wall in root cells. The accumulation of Pb in vacuoles could be stimulated by an increase in phytochelatin PC2 content. Pb did not promote oxidative damage and this is probably due the increase of antioxidative defenses. In the leaves, Pb produced a significant increase in superoxide dismutase activity, while in roots an increase in catalase and components of the Foyer– Halliwell–Asada cycle were observed. The results indicated that Biscutella auriculata has a high capacity to tolerate Pb and this is mainly due to a very efficient mechanism to sequester the metal in roots and a capacity to avoid oxidative stress. This species could therefore be very useful for phytostabilization and repopulation of areas contaminated with Pb.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (CGL 2015-67644-R and PGC 2018-098372-B-100), Castilla-La Mancha Regional Government (SBPLY/17/180501/000273) and Internal Research Plan I + D + i of University of Castilla-La Mancha (Predoc contract [2016/14100]). The proteomic analysis was performed in the Proteomic Unit of IPBLN-CSIC, that belongs to ProteoRed, PRB2-ISCIII, supported by grant PT13/0001