Evaluation of tissue reaction to Aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva) extracts: a histologic and edemogenic study

Objectives: This study evaluated subcutaneous tissue response to Aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva) extract employing edemogenic and histological analyses. Material and methods: Test groups consisted of aqueous and ethanolic Aroeira extracts and saline (control). For groups consisted of aqueous and ethanolic Aroeira extracts and saline Blue. After 30 min, the extracts and saline were injected on the dorsum of the rats, which were then sacrificed after 3 and 6 h. Readings were performed in a spectrophotometer. For subcutaneous implantation, 30 rats received a polyethylene tube containing the extracts on their dorsum and then they were killed after 7 and 28 days. The samples were processed for histological analysis and evaluated with a light microscope. The inflammatory infiltrate was quantified. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between aqueous extract and saline groups in relation to edema quantification in the different periods (p > 0.05). Ethanolic solution resulted in more edema independently of the experimental period (p < 0.05). Histological analysis showed similar results on the 7-day period for the 3 groups. There was a notable reduction on inflammatory cell number for saline and aqueous extract groups at 28 days. Conclusion: The aqueous extract showed biocompatible properties similar to those of saline.Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES

Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background: In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of diseases and injuries. Methods: GBD estimates incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to 369 diseases and injuries, for two sexes, and for 204 countries and territories. Input data were extracted from censuses, household surveys, civil registration and vital statistics, disease registries, health service use, air pollution monitors, satellite imaging, disease notifications, and other sources. Cause-specific death rates and cause fractions were calculated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model and spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression. Cause-specific deaths were adjusted to match the total all-cause deaths calculated as part of the GBD population, fertility, and mortality estimates. Deaths were multiplied by standard life expectancy at each age to calculate YLLs. A Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, was used to ensure consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, excess mortality, and cause-specific mortality for most causes. Prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights for mutually exclusive sequelae of diseases and injuries to calculate YLDs. We considered results in the context of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and fertility rate in females younger than 25 years. Uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated for every metric using the 25th and 975th ordered 1000 draw values of the posterior distribution. Findings: Global health has steadily improved over the past 30 years as measured by age-standardised DALY rates. After taking into account population growth and ageing, the absolute number of DALYs has remained stable. Since 2010, the pace of decline in global age-standardised DALY rates has accelerated in age groups younger than 50 years compared with the 1990–2010 time period, with the greatest annualised rate of decline occurring in the 0–9-year age group. Six infectious diseases were among the top ten causes of DALYs in children younger than 10 years in 2019: lower respiratory infections (ranked second), diarrhoeal diseases (third), malaria (fifth), meningitis (sixth), whooping cough (ninth), and sexually transmitted infections (which, in this age group, is fully accounted for by congenital syphilis; ranked tenth). In adolescents aged 10–24 years, three injury causes were among the top causes of DALYs: road injuries (ranked first), self-harm (third), and interpersonal violence (fifth). Five of the causes that were in the top ten for ages 10–24 years were also in the top ten in the 25–49-year age group: road injuries (ranked first), HIV/AIDS (second), low back pain (fourth), headache disorders (fifth), and depressive disorders (sixth). In 2019, ischaemic heart disease and stroke were the top-ranked causes of DALYs in both the 50–74-year and 75-years-and-older age groups. Since 1990, there has been a marked shift towards a greater proportion of burden due to YLDs from non-communicable diseases and injuries. In 2019, there were 11 countries where non-communicable disease and injury YLDs constituted more than half of all disease burden. Decreases in age-standardised DALY rates have accelerated over the past decade in countries at the lower end of the SDI range, while improvements have started to stagnate or even reverse in countries with higher SDI. Interpretation: As disability becomes an increasingly large component of disease burden and a larger component of health expenditure, greater research and developm nt investment is needed to identify new, more effective intervention strategies. With a rapidly ageing global population, the demands on health services to deal with disabling outcomes, which increase with age, will require policy makers to anticipate these changes. The mix of universal and more geographically specific influences on health reinforces the need for regular reporting on population health in detail and by underlying cause to help decision makers to identify success stories of disease control to emulate, as well as opportunities to improve. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licens

Caracterização do extrato de aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva) e seu efeito sobre a viabilidade de fibroblastos gengivais humanos

A aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva) é uma árvore cujas folhas vem sendo estudadas com fins terapêuticos na medicina e odontologia por apresentar potencial antiinflamatório e antimicrobiano, além de favorecer o processo de reparo e cicatrização. O objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar quimicamente o extrato de aroeira e avaliar seu efeito sobre fibroblastos gengivais humanos. Foi realizado a caracterização química da aroeira por meio do processo de triagem cromatográfica que consistiu na coleta das folhas sadias, maceração em metanol (MeOH) 80%, partição entre os solventes hexano, acetato de etila (AcOEt) e n-butanol (n-(BuOH)) Em seguida, realizaram-se análises dos compostos químicos em cromatografia liquida de alta eficiência acoplado a detector de arranjo de fotodiodo HPLC-PAD, análises por espectrometria de massas MS e cromatografia liquida acoplada a espectrometria de massas (LC-MS). Posteriormente foi realizada a análise de citotoxicidade do extrato hidroalcoólico de aroeira em fibroblastos gengivais humanos (linhagem FGH). Para a realização dos experimentos foram plaqueadas 2x103 células/poço em placas de 96 poços. O meio de cultivo foi substituído por meio de cultura de Eagle modificado por Dullbecco complementado por 10% soro fetal bovino (SFB) em diferentes concentrações do extrato hidroalcoólico de aroeira (extrato bruto; 1:10; 1:100; 1:1000; 1:10000 e controle). As análises de viabilidade foram feitas nos tempos experimentais de 24, 48, 72 e 96 horas, por meio dos testes de redução do MTT (brometo de 3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-yl)-2,5-difeniltetrazólio), captação do vermelho neutro e coloração pelo cristal violeta. A estatística foi realizada em análise de variância de 2 critérios seguido de uma análise de teste Tukey (p0,05). Para o teste do cristal violeta, os resultados encontrados seguiram o mesmo padrão do vermelho neutro: valores de absorbância menores nos grupos do extrato bruto e 1:10, ao contrário dos outros grupos que apresentaram valores maiores (p0.05). In view of the results, conclude the aroeiras methanolic extract present in your composition flavonoids and gallotanine, and galic acid derivates. Then, the aroeiras extracts is able to human gingival fibroblasts viable modulate dependent dose way

Avaliação da resposta tecidual dos extratos vegetal aquoso e hidroalcoólico de Aroeira (Astronium urundeuva) pela análise edemogênica e histopatológica em rato

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a compatibilidade biológica do extrato aquoso e hidroalcoólico de folhas da planta Aroeira do Sertão (Astronium urundeuva) empregando-se o teste edemogênico e implantes em subcutâneo de rato. Utilizou-se 48 ratos machos wistar com peso aproximado de 250g. Para quantificação do edema, 18 animais anestesiados, receberam injeção intravenosa de Azul de Evans a 1% (0,2 mg/kg). Após 30 minutos, foram injetados 0,1 mL do extrato e solução fisiológico na região dorsal do animal. Os ratos foram sacrificados após 3 e 6 horas. As peças obtidas foram colocadas em formamida por 72 horas em estufa a 45ºC. A leitura foi realizada em espectrofotômetro com comprimento de onda de 630 nm. Para a implantação no subcutâneo do rato (reação tardia), 30 ratos receberam implantes de tubos de polietileno contendo os extratos na região dorsal sendo posteriormente sacrificados após 7 e 28 dias para remoção das peças. As peças foram processadas, cortadas e coradas com Hematoxilina e Eosina. Os resultados foram obtidos pela leitura dos espécimes em microscópio óptico, em aumentos de 10 e 40x, para avaliação da espessura da cápsula fibrosa e quantificação do infiltrado inflamatório. Não foi observada diferença significante (p>0,05) na quantificação de edema dos diferentes grupos nos tempos operatórios, mas verificou-se haver diferença significante (p0.05) between groups in relation to edema quantification in the different periods. There were significant differences (P<0.05) between the solutions analyzed independent of the time period. The hydroalcoholic solution resulted in more edema than the aqueous and saline solutions. Similar results were found on the 7-day period for the 3 groups. On the 28-day period there was a notable reduction on inflammatory cell number for the saline and aqueous extract groupsCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Natural products anti-inflammatory activity in dentistry: a systematic review

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-02T11:07:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) 6.pdf: 333292 bytes, checksum: ca1bd1fb673f58807808d0215a2b04f3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 20Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru. Departamento de Saúde Coletiva. Bauru, SP, Brasil.Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru. Departamento de Saúde Coletiva. Bauru, SP, Brasil.Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru. Departamento de Saúde Coletiva. Bauru, SP, Brasil.O objetivo deste estudo foi selecionar artigos de dois produtos naturais própolis e Aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva), que apresentassem ação anti-inflamatória na odontologia. Acessou-se a base de dados PubMed, entre os meses de Abril a Agosto de 2015. Os descritores utilizados nas buscas foram “Anti-Inflammatory AND Propolis” AND “Anti-Inflammatory AND M. urundeuva”, não sendo estabelecidos limites quanto ao idioma, tipo ou ano de publicação dos artigos, porém foram selecionados apenas os estudos com aplicação de produtos naturais pesquisados com atividade anti-inflamatória na Odontologia. Foram obtidos 207 artigos, e após análise minuciosa realizada por dois avaliadores, 193 foram excluídos, 154 não estavam adequados ao tema, 35 correspondentes a revisões e 4 não foram encontrados na versão completa. Ao final, foram incluídos 14 artigos, da Própolis (n=12) e da M urundeuva (n=02). Tanto a própolis quanto aroeira apresentou atividade anti-inflamatória eficaz na Odontologia. A própolis atuou sobre micro-organismos ligados à cárie, nas infecções endodônticas prevenindo edemas, aliviando complicações relacionadas às próteses, como mucosite. A própolis apresenta efeito benéfico contra cárie dental, tratamento endodôntico e mucosite. Já a aroeira do sertão atua prevenindo a progressão da periodontite. Futuros estudos deverão ser conduzidos, envolvendo seus compostos e mecanismos de ação na inflamação.This study’s aim was select Aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva) and propolis natural products articles that submit anti-inflammatory action in dentistry. Accessed the PubMed data base in 2015 Abril to August months. The descriptors used in the search were “Anti-Inflammatory AND Propolis” AND “Anti-Inflammatory AND M. urundeuva”, without language, articles publication year or type limits established, but only the studies with natural products with application in anti-inflammatory activity in dentistry were selected. 207 articles were obtained, and after the thorough analyze realized for two evaluators, 193 were excluded, once 154 weren’t suitable to the subject, 35 were review correspondent and 4 weren’t founded in the complete version. Last were included 14 articles, been propolis (n=12) and M urundeuva (n=02). As propolis as aroeira presented anti-inflammatory activity effective in dentistry. The propolis active against microorganisms linked the carie, in endodontic infections preventing dropsy, besides relieve the complication related protesis, like mucositis. The propolis presented benefit effect against dental carie, endodontic treatment and mucositis. Aroeira act preventing the periodontitis progression. Studies future should be conducted, involving the composts and action mechanism in inflammations

Viability of Human Gingival Fibroblast (FGH) Treated with Ethanolic "Aroeira" Extract (Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão)

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ethanolic "aroeira" (Myracrodruon urundeuva) extract on the viability of human gingival fibroblast. For this, fibroblasts (2x103 cells/well) were plated in a 96-well plate and incubated for 24 h; the medium (Eagle's medium modified by Dulbecco - DMEM) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum was replaced by DMEM with different ethanolic extract concentration (0, 0.1, 1, 10, 100, and 1000&#956;g / mL). The fibroblast viability was analyzed after 48,72, and 96 h by the neutral red capture test and violet crystal. The "aroeira" extract, at high concentrations (100 and 1000 µg/mL) caused decrease in both cellular viability tests (p<0.05). However, dilutions between 0.1 and 10 µg/mL did not affect the viability of the cells. It was concluded that "aroeira" extract was able to change the gingival fibroblast viability, and this effect was concentration dependent

Healing differences in narrow diameter implants submitted to immediate and conventional loading in mandibular overdentures : A randomized clinical trial

Biological responses to different loading protocols during the bone healing phase in subjects with long time since edentulism, rehabilitated with narrow diameter implants (NDIs) to retain mandibular overdentures (MOs), are still unavailable. This randomized clinical trial compared the peri-implant health, implant stability, and concentrations of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) in mandibular edentulous patients under conventional (CL) and immediate loading (IML) during healing. Twenty totally edentulous patients received two NDIs (2.9 x 10 mm, Facility NeoPoros) placed in mandible anterior region and were randomly assigned to two loading protocols: CL (n = 10) and IML (n = 10). The following clinical outcomes were evaluated 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery: (a) peri-implant tissue health (gingival index-GI, plaque index-PI, calculus-presence CP, probing depth-PD, and bleeding on probing-BOP); (b) implant stability quotient (ISQ); and (c) IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-alpha levels in the PICF analyzed by ELISA. The CL group showed significantly higher CP scores at weeks 8 and 12. The IML group showed significantly higher GI from the first week onwards. The IML group presented significantly lower PD at all follow-up times, and higher BOP rates than CL at week 12. The ISQ values of the CL group were higher than those of the IML group, except at week 4. The IML group released significantly more TNF-alpha between weeks 1 and 4 and more IL-1 beta during week 4-12, while releasing less IL-6 until week 8, mainly at week 2 (-47.6%). The release of IL-10 was similar for both groups and increased progressively over time. At week 12, the IML group released 45.74% more IL-10 than the CL group. The survival rates were 95% and 90% for CL and IML, respectively. The IML group presented more favorable PD at all evaluation times; the differences between the other clinical parameters were less systematic. The implant stability and the inflammatory marker concentrations were more stable in the CL group543241250COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESnão te