Paleoproteomics explained to youngsters: how did the wedding of two-dimensional electrophoresis and protein sequencing spark proteomics on: Let there be light.

International audience: Taking the opportunity of the 20th anniversary of the word "proteomics", this young adult age is a good time to remember how proteomics came from enormous progress in protein separation and protein microanalysis techniques, and from the conjugation of these advances into a high performance and streamlined working setup. However, in the history of the almost three decades that encompass the first attempts to perform large scale analysis of proteins to the current high throughput proteomics that we can enjoy now, it is also interesting to underline and to recall how difficult the first decade was. Indeed when the word was cast, the battle was already won. This recollection is mostly devoted to the almost forgotten period where proteomics was being conceived and put to birth, as this collective scientific work will never appear when searched through the keyword "proteomics". BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The significance of this manuscript is to recall and review the two decades that separated the first attempts of performing large scale analysis of proteins from the solid technical corpus that existed when the word "proteomics" was coined twenty years ago. This recollection is made within the scientific historical context of this decade, which also saw the blossoming of DNA cloning and sequencing. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: 20 years of Proteomics in memory of Viatliano Pallini. Guest Editors: Luca Bini , Juan J. Calvete, Natacha Turck, Denis Hochstrasser and Jean-Charles Sanchez

Two Semiotic Shifts in the Philosophy of Norms: Meaning Shift and Referent Shift

In this introductory paper the guest editors (Paolo Di Lucia and Lorenzo Passerini Glazel) of the special issue “Norm: What Is It? Ontological and Pragmatical Perspectives” maintain that the word norm is subject to two kinds of semiotic shifts: shifts in the meaning and shifts in the referents. Philosophical research on norms and on the normative has, indeed, broadened its dominion of investigation in both directions. The phenomena of norms and normativity, intersecting different orders of phenomena, are investigated by different disciplines from different methodological perspectives

Two semiotic shifts in the philosophy of norms: meaning shift and referent shift

In this introductory paper the guest editors (Paolo Di Lucia and Lorenzo Passerini Glazel) of the special issue \u201cNorm: What Is It? Ontological and Pragmatical Perspectives\u201d maintain that the word norm is subject to two kinds of semiotic shifts: shifts in the meaning and shifts in the referents. Philosophical research on norms and on the normative has, indeed, broadened its dominion of investigation in both directions. The phenomena of norms and normativity, intersecting different orders of phenomena, are investigated by different disciplines from different methodological perspectives

Lexical access in speech production

Formerly published in: Cognition : international journal of cognitive science, vol. 42, nos. 1-3, 199

Ten Conferences WORDS: Open Problems and Conjectures

In connection to the development of the field of Combinatorics on Words, we present a list of open problems and conjectures that were stated during the ten last meetings WORDS. We wish to continually update the present document by adding informations concerning advances in problems solving

Aesthetic and Social Community: Multicultural Poetry and the Anthologizing of Poems

Scholars from various disciplines have explored the concept of multiculturalism from the perspectives of citizenship, recognition, representation, tokenism, constitutionalism, and other vantage points, with politics and education receiving most of the attention. I While many efforts have been made to explore these aspects of multiculturalism, its significance in poetry, particularly in poetry\u27s composition and critique, has not been duly taken into account. Multicultural poetry designates a critical abstraction in which poetry is classified by relation to a communal culture, history, or customs. In this definition, multicultural poetry is therefore inclusive of poetry written by ethnic minorities, women, non-mainstream religious practitioners, and members of other communities. To maintain a focus, this article delimits its discussion to poetry\u27s relationship with ethnicity and probes the interplay between aesthetic and ethnicity in three sections–Mainstream Poetry Anthologies: Tastes, Schools, and the Issue of History, Multicultural Poetry Anthologies: Situated Poetry and Group Poetics, and Ethnopoetics as a Choice

Machine Assisted Proof of ARMv7 Instruction Level Isolation Properties

In this paper, we formally verify security properties of the ARMv7 Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) for user mode executions. To obtain guarantees that arbitrary (and unknown) user processes are able to run isolated from privileged software and other user processes, instruction level noninterference and integrity properties are provided, along with proofs that transitions to privileged modes can only occur in a controlled manner. This work establishes a main requirement for operating system and hypervisor verification, as demonstrated for the PROSPER separation kernel. The proof is performed in the HOL4 theorem prover, taking the Cambridge model of ARM as basis. To this end, a proof tool has been developed, which assists the verification of relational state predicates semi-automatically