The Organ Works of George Whitefield Chadwick (Massachusetts).

George Whitefield Chadwick was one of the most prominent composers in America during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. His organ works included didactic works called studies, several short pieces, and two large concert works, both in variation form. These pieces are suitable for teaching, for service playing, and for recitals. The goal of the study was to isolate the distinguishing stylistic features of Chadwick\u27s organ music including his harmonic language, use of formal structures and melodic material, to examine the specifications of the organs Chadwick knew or might have known, and to determine the influence these instruments had on his organ works. The specifications of four organs that Chadwick played were also included. Chadwick\u27s organ works were found to be a versatile group of pieces offering a variety of sounds and styles. Chadwick retained a conservative idiom throughout all his organ works, although the later pieces seemed to exhibit more chromatic voice leading, more chromatic non-harmonic tones, and distant key relationships. The study concluded with an examination of Chadwick\u27s organ music from a practical perspective, evaluating registration, pedagogical use, and performance suitability. An evaluation of the difficulty of each work was presented in the Appendix

The Design and Construction of a Fast Track 16 Hectare, 18 m Deep Basement in Soft Clay in Singapore

Singapore’s newest integrated resort, Marina Bay Sands, was completed in record time and has garnered numerous engineering awards. The development sits on recent sand reclamation, which in turn rests on deep soft marine clay deposits. With an average excavation depth of around 18 meters, the 16 hectare (39 acre) waterfront development involved some of the largest marine clay excavation in Singapore. About 2.8 million cubic meters of fill and marine clay were excavated from the site equating to about 800 trucks a day for two years. To overcome the challenges of the bulk excavation and minimize shoring in difficult soil environments, innovative excavation solutions were developed to enable an accelerated construction timetable for this project involving densely packed site works with complex staging and interface issues. These included the use of unsupported circular excavations up to 130 meters in diameter and continuously reinforced 1.5 meter thick diaphragm walls acting in shear. To add to the challenge, a 35 meter deep ‘cut and cover’ tunnel next to the Singapore’s longest bridge, the Benjamin Sheares Bridge, was required. To enable the bridge to tolerate the inevitable imposed lateral displacements of an abutment, the structural system of the existing bridge was modified to allow it to safely articulate in plan

Influence of Ground Motion Variability on Design Spectra in Areas of Low to Moderate Seismicity

This paper examines the sensitivity of uniform hazard response spectra to the variability of the ground motion attenuation in areas of low to moderate seismicity. The variabilities of a number of published attenuation relationships are examined. Many of these relationships show that the standard deviation tends to increase as the natural period increases and some show a tendency for the standard deviation to reduce as the earthquake magnitude increases. These published works tend to be derived from earthquake data for areas of high seismicity and therefore the paper includes a critical review of what values of standard deviation are appropriate for regions of low to moderate seismicity

On What Basis Did Health Canada Approve OxyContin in 1996? A Retrospective Analysis of Regulatory Data

The marketing and sale of oxycodone (OxyContin) by Purdue Pharma has commanded a great deal of legal and policy attention due to the drug’s central role in the ongoing overdose crisis. However, little is known about the basis for OxyContin’s approval by regulators, such as Health Canada in 1996. Taking advantage of a recently created online database containing information pertaining to the safety and effectiveness of drugs, we conducted a retrospective analysis of Purdue Pharma’s submission to Health Canada, including both published and unpublished clinical trials. None of the trials sponsored by Purdue Pharma sought to meaningfully assess the risks of misuse or addiction associated with OxyContin. The trials were short in duration (maximum length was 24 days) and only assessed safety and efficacy of a 12-h dosing interval. Also, the two trial reports that explicitly mentioned (but did not formally evaluate) the risk of misuse were not published, making it unclear how Health Canada concluded that there was no risk of misuse. In our view, these findings underscore the need for transparency of not only of clinical trial data, but also the regulator’s interpretation of such data, which is currently lacking in Canada. Furthermore, they call into question why Health Canada’s role in precipitating the overdose crisis has not received greater scrutiny, including in the context of recent litigation surrounding OxyContin

The Importance of Creating Value in Seismic Design

Major earthquakes have resulted in devastating consequences in terms of human and economic loss. In almost all the earthquakes we observe the failure of structures, sometimes due to poor construction but also due to designers not identifying the specific geo-hazards (iIntensity of ground motion, faults, liquefaction, slopes etc) which affect these structures. In many cases these damages could have been avoided if the original design had correctly identified the geohazards at the site and incorporated the philosophy of performance based design. In this paper several examples will be presented where the different stages of risk assessment will be identified and possible solutions incorporated in the final design. The paper provides examples where existing studies and codes in certain countries may be storing up problems for the future.This paper also highlights some gaps in existing knowledge where more research is needed. Design examples will also cover the advantages of performing detailed design accounting for soil structure interaction effects. In many cases these will offer potential saving to the clients and thus provide value in seismic design. Examples are shown where structures which have accounted for the geohazards will be shown to perform satisfactorily during past earthquakes

Determination of Small Strain Modulus and Degradation for in-Situ Weathered Rock and Old Alluvium Deposits

The small strain shear modulus (G0) and the degradation of shear modulus (G/G0) with increasing magnitude of shear strain are important soil properties required for the evaluation of site response due to earthquake effects. While these properties are well established for geologically recent alluvial sand and clay materials, published data on the properties of materials derived from in-situ rock weathering and ancient alluvial deposits are limited. This paper presents the results of laboratory testing on completely decomposed granite and tuff in Hong Kong, and weathered Jurong Siltstone and Old Alluvium in Singapore. The small strain shear modulus (G0) of the materials was determined from bender element tests, while the shear modulus degradation (G/G0) was assessed from cyclic triaxial test with local strain measurement. The results are compared with the published data of similar materials. Apart from the laboratory bender element tests, G0 can also be determined by the in-situ shear wave velocity test. It has been found worldwide that there is generally a reasonable relationship between shear wave velocity and the SPT N value. In this paper, various in-situ shear wave velocity (Vs) testing results obtained from Singapore and Hong Kong have been reviewed and the observed correlations between VS and SPT N values for various soils are presented

Boron-Carbohydrate Interactions

Boron-polyol interactions are of fundamental importance to human health [1], plant growth [2] and quorum sensing among certain bacteria [3]. Such diversity is perhaps not surprising when one considers boron is one of the ten most abundant elements in sea water and carbohydrates make up the planet’s most abundant class of biomass. Several boronic acids matrices are commercially available for the purification of glycoproteins by affinity chromatography [4], and boronic acids are also useful carbohydrate protecting groups.[5,6] Recently, complexes between boron and sugars have become a lynchpin for the development of synthetic carbohydrate receptors.[7] These complexes involve covalent interactions that are reversible in aqueous solution. This chapter reviews current understanding of these processes, provides a historical perspective on their discovery, identifies methods for studying these complexes and classifies these interactions by carbohydrate type. Such information is key to the design and synthesis of synthetic lectins, also termed “boronolectins” when containing boron [7].Office of the Snr Dep Vice Chancellor, Institute for GlycomicsFull Tex

Analisa Pressure Build Up Test Menggunakan Software Ecrin Dan Metode Manual Pada Sumur Gas Cp-52 & Cp-54 Lapangan Chapin

The CP-52 and CP-54 wells are located on the Tambun structure of Bekasi Regency of West Java Province with the target formation being Baturaja. The pressure build up analysis is carried out for monitoring activities to obtain reservoir and boundary, innitial pressure (Pi), permeability (k), skin (s), ΔP skin, average pressure (Pavg), and flow efficiency information. Tests performed on both wells are pressure build up test (PBU) and to analyze the method of Horner approach pseudo pressure and P2 either manually or with the help of software v.ex.2 v2.02 as validation