12,927,698 research outputs found
Two-pion Bose-Einstein correlations in central Pb-Pb collisions at = 2.76 TeV
The first measurement of two-pion Bose-Einstein correlations in central Pb-Pb
collisions at TeV at the Large Hadron Collider is
presented. We observe a growing trend with energy now not only for the
longitudinal and the outward but also for the sideward pion source radius. The
pion homogeneity volume and the decoupling time are significantly larger than
those measured at RHIC.Comment: 17 pages, 5 captioned figures, 1 table, authors from page 12,
published version, figures at
http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/388
Nuclear Effects in Deep Inelastic Scattering of Charged-Current Neutrino off Nuclear
Nuclear effect in the neutrino-nucleus charged-Current inelastic scattering
process is studied by analyzing the CCFR and NuTeV data. Structure functions
and as well as differential cross sections are
calculated by using CTEQ parton distribution functions and EKRS and HKN nuclear
parton distribution functions, and compared with the CCFR and NuTeV data. It is
found that the corrections of nuclear effect to the differential cross section
for the charged-current anti-neutrino scattering on nucleus are negligible, the
EMC effect exists in the neutrino structure function in the large
region, the shadowing and anti-shadowing effect occurs in the distribution
functions of valence quarks in the small and medium region,respectively. It
is also found that shadowing effects on in the small region in
the neutrino-nucleus and the charged-lepton-nucleus deep inelastic scattering
processes are different. It is clear that the neutrino-nucleus deep inelastic
scattering data should further be employed in restricting nuclear parton
distributions.Comment: 24 pages, 5 figure
Strange particle production in proton-proton collisions at TeV with ALICE at the LHC
The production of mesons containing strange quarks (K, ) and both
singly and doubly strange baryons (, Anti-, and
+Anti-) are measured at central rapidity in pp collisions at
= 0.9 TeV with the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The results are
obtained from the analysis of about 250 k minimum bias events recorded in 2009.
Measurements of yields (dN/dy) and transverse momentum spectra at central
rapidities for inelastic pp collisions are presented. For mesons, we report
yields () of 0.184 0.002 stat. 0.006 syst. for K and
0.021 0.004 stat. 0.003 syst. for . For baryons, we find
= 0.048 0.001 stat. 0.004 syst. for , 0.047
0.002 stat. 0.005 syst. for Anti- and 0.0101 0.0020 stat.
0.0009 syst. for +Anti-. The results are also compared with
predictions for identified particle spectra from QCD-inspired models and
provide a baseline for comparisons with both future pp measurements at higher
energies and heavy-ion collisions.Comment: 33 pages, 21 captioned figures, 10 tables, authors from page 28,
published version, figures at
http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/387
Suppression of charged particle production at large transverse momentum in central Pb-Pb collisions at TeV
Inclusive transverse momentum spectra of primary charged particles in Pb-Pb
collisions at = 2.76 TeV have been measured by the ALICE
Collaboration at the LHC. The data are presented for central and peripheral
collisions, corresponding to 0-5% and 70-80% of the hadronic Pb-Pb cross
section. The measured charged particle spectra in and GeV/ are compared to the expectation in pp collisions at the same
, scaled by the number of underlying nucleon-nucleon
collisions. The comparison is expressed in terms of the nuclear modification
factor . The result indicates only weak medium effects ( 0.7) in peripheral collisions. In central collisions,
reaches a minimum of about 0.14 at -7GeV/ and increases
significantly at larger . The measured suppression of high- particles is stronger than that observed at lower collision energies,
indicating that a very dense medium is formed in central Pb-Pb collisions at
the LHC.Comment: 15 pages, 5 captioned figures, 3 tables, authors from page 10,
published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/98
Simulated self-organization of a peer to peer awareness network
A simulation process and tool used to test and evaluate the algorithms necessary to optimally arrange a peer-to-peer distributed awareness system for Software Engineering
The transaction pattern through automating TrAM
Transaction Agent Modelling (TrAM) has demonstrated how the early requirements of complex enterprise systems can be captured and described in a lucid yet rigorous way. Using Geerts and McCarthy’s REA (Resource-Events-Agents) model as its basis, the TrAM process manages to capture the ‘qualitative’ dimensions of business transactions and business processes. A key part of the process is automated model-checking, which CG has revealed to be beneficial in this regard. It enables models to retain the high-level business concepts yet providing a formal structure at that high-level that is lacking in Use Cases. Using a conceptual catalogue informed by transactions, we illustrate the automation of a transaction pattern from which further specialisations impart a tested specification for system implementation, which we envisage as a multi-agent system in order to reflect the dynamic world of business activity. It would furthermore be able to interoperate across business domains as they would share the generalised TM as a pattern.</p
'Join us on our journey': Exploring the experiences of children and young people with type 1 diabetes and their parents
This paper focuses on children and young people with type 1 diabetes and on their parents, and their experiences of diabetes care provision. Nine acute hospitals in the Yorkshire and the Humber region, UK, were recruited to participate in a qualitative research study. Children and young people with type 1 diabetes, aged 6–25, and their parents (approximately 250 participants), took part in talking groups to find out about their experiences of diabetes care provision. Findings show that there are key areas for improvement in the future diabetes care provision for children and young people, including communication and support, schools, structured education and transition. These have important implications for practice and service redesign. This study is thought to be the first of its kind to consult with children, young people and parents to find out about their experiences of type 1 diabetes care provision. The research findings add to the current evidence base by highlighting the disparities in care, the urgent need for change in the way services are delivered and the involvement of service users in this process
European Economic and Monetary Union: Transitional Issues and Third-Stage Dilemmas. European Policy Papers #4
This paper considers two kinds of issues facing EMU. One concerns qualifications and membership: how qualifications are evaluated and which member states are likely to meet the criteria set for membership in the third stage of EMU in 1999. The other concerns the capacity of member states, individually and collectively, to deal with economic policy after the advent of the third stage. In particular, will they be able to address the long-term problems of low growth and high unemployment that afflict so much of Europe? In regard to the first issue, the paper suggests, for supporters of EMU, some reason for optimism. It is very likely that the third stage of EMU will begin on the first day of 1999 and also that the "euro-zone" that comes into being on that day will, in all likelihood, include a large number of member states - almost certainly as many as 8 and probably as many as 10 or 11. On the second issue - the capacity of EMU to address the long-term problems of low growth and high unemployment - the paper suggests some reason for concern and pessimism. Most of the member states participating in the third stage of EMU are likely to continue experiencing low growth and high unemployment. Neither monetary policy nor exchange rate policy is likely to be applied so as to generate any significant increase in the long-term rate of economic growth or any decrease in the high levels of unemployment that now exist in most of the likely "euro-zone" members. Moreover, the Treaty creates no institutional capacity for collective action in economic policy that might enable the member states participating in EMU to redress those problems, and there seems to be little desire in the EU as a whole to create that institutional capacity
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