CIVIL SPHERES OF SECURITY AND IDENTITY SET TO CORRUPTION IN THE AGENDA OF THE MEDIA

La Teoría de la Criminología Sociopolítica plantea que la relación entre gobernantes y gobernados puede explicar desde la noción de “esfera civil” la cual supone la emergencia de organizaciones ciudadanas en torno a la trasformación del Estado garante de la seguridad pública que, al perder su rectoría en materia de prevención del delito y combate a la delincuencia, ha sido representado por la sociedad como el problema central de la inseguridad y violencia dados los antecedentes de corrupción entre esferas políticas con el crimen organizado (Fondevilla y Quintana, 2013).La construcción de una esfera civil de seguridad e identidad pública supone el análisis de las políticas públicas, los espacios de debate, la opinión pública y los medios de comunicación. En tal sentido, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue delimitar la relación conceptual como empírica de seguridad, identidad, inseguridad, violencia y privacidad así como su comparación con los hallazgos reportados por el estado del arte. Tal ejercicio permitió establecer las vicisitudes, discrepancias, alcances y limites de los modelos conceptuales y empíricos desde los cuales se han explicado las relaciones entre los hechos y dimensiones de seguridad e identidad. En tal panorama, las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación resultaron ser factores claves para la discusión en torno al acceso de información, privacidad y exclusiónUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de Méxic

Redes de conocimiento en torno a la complejidad organizacional: aprendizaje de la autorregulación, disipación adaptabilidad y dinamismo ante los cambios

SE PRESENTA EL ARTÍCULO REDES DE CONOCIMIENTO ANTE EL DINAMISMO Y LOS CAMBIOSEN RELACIÓN CON LOS MARCOS TEÓRICOS Y CONCEPTUALES SE PROPONE EL ESTUDIO DE LA COMPLEJIDAD A PARTIR DE LAS DIFERENCIAS Y SIMILITUDES DE SUS PROCESOS IMPLICITOS EN LAS REDES DE CONOCIMIENTO.NINGUN

Specification of a model of socio-political agenda around water disputes and remuneration pacification

La relación en torno a las políticas de abastecimiento y los conflictos entre autoridades y usuarios es materia de análisis del presente trabajo el cual discute la construcción de una agenda sociopolítica a partir de especificar un modelo; considerando los marcos teóricos y conceptuales, así como el estado del conocimiento. En este sentido, dirimir las problemáticas derivadas del tandeo y el incremento de tarifas supone no sólo la ausencia de agresiones entre los actores, sino la emergencia de una cultura de la paz y la neutralidad de acciones que inhiban la espiral de violencia. Se trata de un sistema de valores y normas que incidirían en las creencias de escasez o abundancia de agua para con ello determinar percepciones y emociones de riesgo e incertidumbre que incentiven la participación civil ya no como beneficiarios de derechos a los recursos y servicios hídricos, sino como responsables sociales de anticipar conflictos, aminorar desencuentros y coadyuvar a la equidad retributiva como símbolo de justicia.The relationship around procurement policies and conflicts between authorities and users is the subject of analysis of this paper which discusses the construction of a sociopolitical agenda since specify a model; considering the theoretical and conceptual frameworks and the state of knowledge. In this sense, resolve the problem arising from the tandem and increased rates implies not only the absence of aggression between the actors, but the emergence of a culture of peace and neutrality of actions that inhibit the spiral of violence. It is a system of values and norms that would impact the beliefs of scarcity or abundance of water to thereby determine perceptions and emotions of risk and uncertainty that encourage civic participation not only as beneficiaries of rights to water resources and services, but as social responsibility to anticipate conflicts, misunderstandings and help to reduce the pay equity as a symbol of justice

Hacia una agenda hídrica para la gobernanza local sustentable

En el marco de la relación entre ciudadanía y Estado, el poder político que se cierne sobre la regulación de los recursos y servicios hídricos contrasta con la influencia social que emerge de la crisis ambiental y afecta el abastecimiento a la ciudadanía. En este escenario, el Desarrollo Local Sustentable se asume como un ámbito de gestión y participación en el que convergen tanto un sistema de tarifas como un sistema de subsidios derivados de los conflictos entre autoridades y usuarios del servicio de agua potable. En este sentido, el propósito del presente trabajo es contrastar ambos factores que inhiben o facilitan el desarrollo endógeno. Para tal efecto, se expone la gobernanza de los recursos hídricos y sus implicaciones sobre el desarrollo comunitario considerando las políticas municipales de abastecimiento y la evaluación de estos programas mediante los estudios de opinión pública. Tal ejercicio permitirá anticipar escenarios de gestión a partir de las diferencias entre los agentes económicos, actores políticos y sujetos sociales

Identidad sociopolítica delictiva en México

La relación entre sociedad y Estado ha sido estudiada desde una lógica del poder jurídico-político en el que la rectoría de los gobernantes y el control delictivo son indispensables para explicar la seguridad pública ciudadana, pero si este fenó- meno se observa desde una lógica de la influencia social en la que al interior de la ciudadanía se gestan percepciones de inseguridad y riesgo que explican la formación de emociones y opiniones desfavorables al accionar gubernamental, entonces el concepto de identidad sociopolítica permite esclarecer el proceso por medio del cual la ciudadanía atribuye a la corrupción, negligencia, nepotismo u opacidad del Estado el problema central. Precisamente, el objetivo del presente escrito es documentar la influencia social a partir del concepto de identidad sociopolítica. Para tal propósito, se llevó a cabo una selección no probabilística de fuentes informativas considerando su difusión en tres buscadores emblemáticos de información científica social para América Latina. El contraste del enfoque del poder con respecto a la aproximación de la influencia advierte que existen diferencias, pero complementarias ya que la rectoría del Estado explica la seguridad y su pérdida la inseguridad, pero el proceso de conversión es explicada desde la óptica de la influencia social

Enhanced superconductivity in atomically thin TaS2

The ability to exfoliate layered materials down to the single layer limit has presented the opportunity to understand how a gradual reduction in dimensionality affects the properties of bulk materials. Here we use this top-down approach to address the problem of superconductivity in the two-dimensional limit. The transport properties of electronic devices based on 2H tantalum disulfide flakes of different thicknesses are presented. We observe that superconductivity persists down to the thinnest layer investigated (3.5 nm), and interestingly, we find a pronounced enhancement in the critical temperature from 0.5 to 2.2 K as the layers are thinned down. In addition, we propose a tight-binding model, which allows us to attribute this phenomenon to an enhancement of the effective electron-phonon coupling constant. This work provides evidence that reducing the dimensionality can strengthen superconductivity as opposed to the weakening effect that has been reported in other 2D materials so far

Head dimensions of brahman and their crossbred bull spermatozoa are affected by cryopreservation

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of cryopreservation on morphometrics characteristic of Brahman and their crossbred bull sperm heads. Five ejaculates were collected from 4 bulls and diluted at 30°C in a skim milk-egg yolk extender. Two microscope slides were prepared from single extended sperm samples prior to freezing in nitrogen vapors, and another one after thawing, sperm smears were prepared as described above. All slides were air dried and stained with Hemacolor®. Sperm-head dimensions for a minimum of 150 sperm heads/samples were analysed from each sample by means of the Sperm-Class Analyser ® (SCA), and the mean measurements recorded. A GLM procedure was performed to evaluate the effect of ryopreservation on sperm head morphometric dimensions. Bull sperm heads were significantly (P<0.001) smaller in frozenthawed spermatozoa than in the extended samples for length (9.00 μm vs. 9.43 μm), width (4.82 μm vs. 5.13 μm), perimeter (32.46 μm vs. 33.69 μm) and area (36.20 μm� vs. 39.97 μm�) for all bulls. Also, differences (P<0.001) were found within all bulls for whole morphometric parameters. The individual variability of sperm head measurements across all bulls ranged from 5.9% to 10.2% for fresh and thawed samples, respectively. In conclusion, the present study indicate that cryopreservation of bull semen did affect the morphometry to reduce the dimensions of Brahman and crossbred bull sperm heads. The differences among bulls may be indicative of the individual bull resistance to the cryopreservation process

Thrombotic microangiopathy in patients with malignant hypertension

10 p.-4 fig.-4 tab.Background: Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is a complication of malignant hypertension (mHTN) attributed to high blood pressure (BP). However, no studies have investigated in patients with mHTN of different aetiologies whether the presence of TMA is associated with specific causes of mHTN.Methods: We investigated the presence of TMA (microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia and thrombocytopenia) in a large and well-characterized cohort of 199 patients with mHTN of different aetiologies [primary HTN 44%, glomerular diseases 16.6%, primary atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome (aHUS) 13.1%, renovascular HTN 9.5%, drug-related HTN 7%, systemic diseases 5.5%, endocrine diseases 4.5%]. Outcomes of the study were kidney recovery and kidney failure.Results: Patients with TMA [40 cases (20.1%)] were younger, were more likely female and had lower BP levels and worse kidney function at presentation. Their underlying diseases were primary aHUS (60%), drug-related mHTN (15%), glomerular diseases [all of them immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN); 10%], systemic diseases (10%) and primary HTN (5%). The presence of TMA was 92.3% in primary aHUS, 42.9% in drug-related HTN, 36.4% in systemic diseases, 12.1% in glomerular diseases and 2.3% in primary HTN. No patient with renovascular HTN or mHTN caused by endocrine diseases developed TMA, despite BP levels as high as patients with TMA. A higher proportion of TMA patients developed kidney failure as compared with patients without TMA (56.4% versus 38.9%, respectively).Conclusions: The presence of TMA in patients with mHTN should guide the diagnosis towards primary aHUS, drug-related mHTN, some systemic diseases and IgAN, while it is exceptional in other causes of mHTN.Work in this study was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III/Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional [ISCIII/FEDER;grants PI13/02502 and PICI14/00350 (to M.P.) and PI16/01685 and PI19/01624 (to M.P. and T.C.)]; the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad/FEDER [SAF2015-66287-R and PID2019-104912RB-I00 (to S.R.d.C.)]; the Spanish ‘Ministerio de Ciencia Innovación y Universidades’ [RTI2018-095955-B-100 (to E.G.J.)]; the Autonomous Region of Madrid [S2017/BMD-3673 (to E.G.J., S.R.d.C. and M.P.)] and Red de Investigación Renal [RD12/0021/0029 (to M.P.)].Peer reviewe

Standardized incidence ratios and risk factors for cancer in patients with systemic sclerosis: Data from the Spanish Scleroderma Registry (RESCLE)

Aim: Patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) are at increased risk of cancer, a growing cause of non-SSc-related death among these patients. We analyzed the increased cancer risk among Spanish patients with SSc using standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and identified independent cancer risk factors in this population. Material and methods: Spanish Scleroderma Registry data were analyzed to determine the demographic characteristics of patients with SSc, and logistic regression was used to identify cancer risk factors. SIRs with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) relative to the general Spanish population were calculated. Results: Of 1930 patients with SSc, 206 had cancer, most commonly breast, lung, hematological, and colorectal cancers. Patients with SSc had increased risks of overall cancer (SIR 1.48, 95% CI 1.36-1.60; P < 0.001), and of lung (SIR 2.22, 95% CI 1.77-2.73; P < 0.001), breast (SIR 1.31, 95% CI 1.10-1.54; P = 0.003), and hematological (SIR 2.03, 95% CI 1.52-2.62; P < 0.001) cancers. Cancer was associated with older age at SSc onset (odds ratio [OR] 1.22, 95% CI 1.01-1.03; P < 0.001), the presence of primary biliary cholangitis (OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.18-4.68; P = 0.015) and forced vital capacity <70% (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.24-2.70; P = 0.002). The presence of anticentromere antibodies lowered the risk of cancer (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.45-0.97; P = 0.036). Conclusions: Spanish patients with SSc had an increased cancer risk compared with the general population. Some characteristics, including specific autoantibodies, may be related to this increased risk

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio