Female Cat Intravesical Sequestration after Ovariosalpingohisterectomy Using Nylon Clamp

Background: The nylon clamp, marketed as an accessory of electrical devices, has been used as an alternative method for definitive surgical hemostasis by ligature of arteriovenous vessels in ovariosalpingohisterectomy (OSH) in bitches and female cats. However, since May 2015, the Brazilian Veterinary Statutory Body (CFMV - Conselho Federal de Medicina Veterinária) banned its application, once it is a material still not regulated to be used in animals, in addition to the numerous reports of postoperative complications. This paper reports the migration of the clamp used in the OSH to the urinary bladder of the cat and the implications of the presence of the foreign body, in addition to discussing the use of this device in surgeries.Case: A 1-year-old Persian female cat, which, three months after an elective OSH in a private veterinary clinic, presented polyuria and hematuria. The patient presented pain at abdominal palpation; in the WBC were observed leucopenia and eosinophilia, indicating a chronic inflammatory process installed; the urinalysis showed the presence of crystals, increased urinary density, milky aspect indicating presence of pus, proteinuria and hematuria; on ultrasound were observed the presence of two amorphous mobile structures inside the bladder, producing acoustic shadow, measuring approximately 0.4 and 0.6 cm in diameter, suggesting the presence of bladder urolithiasis. Considering the results, the patient was sent for a cystotomy. The association of acepromazine (0.02 mg/kg), midazolam (0.2 mg/kg), morphine (0.2 mg/kg) and ketamine (10 mg/kg) was used intramuscularly as preanesthetic medication. For anesthetic induction, 5 mg/kg of propofol was applied intravenously, in addition to epidural anesthesia with 1 mL/4 kg of lidocaine along 0.1 mg/kg of morphine and, for maintenance, isoflurane in oxygen at 100% was used. Then, a four-centimeter retro-umbilical incision was performed to exhibit the bladder. After the incision on the ventral aspect of the bladder wall, a nylon clamp with approximately 0.8 cm, present in the lumen was found and removed. The seromuscular synthesis of the bladder was with a 3-0 mononylon simple continuous suture, the muscle with a 2-0 mononylon sultan pattern, and in the skin an interrupted simple suture using 2-0 nylon was performed. Postoperative care comprised by amoxicillin with potassium clavulanate (15 mg/kg, orally, 8/8 h, 7 d), meloxican (0.15 mg/kg, orally, 24/24 h, 4 d) and tramadol (12 mg/kg, orally, 12/12 h, 4 d). After ten days, surgical stitches were removed, with good healing and clinical improvement, as well as remission of the symptomatology reported on anamnesis and physical examination.Discussion: The pathophysiology of the nylon clip migration probably occurred in a similar way to the intravesical migration of intrauterine devices (IUDs) to the abdominal cavity, bladder and intestine, in women. According to reports, it is a progressive event, in which several factors may be involved, mainly: inadequate implantation of devices, uterine infections, use of contaminated medical instruments, among others, followed by an inflammatory process, perforation of the uterine wall by the device, adhesions and migration to adjacent structures. In the present report, it is believed that the clamp lock failed in the procedure performed by the veterinarian responsible for OSH, with subsequent loosening and detachment, and migration to the urinary bladder, an organ located ventrally to the uterine body. However, the following hypotheses can also be raised: pregnancy at the moment of castration, followed by uterine stump retraction and release of the clamp; contamination of surgical instruments; postoperative infections and adhesions involving the bladder

ICMS ECOLÓGICO: UMA ABORDAGEM À GESTÃO AMBIENTAL NOS MUNICÍPIOS DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL

O Imposto sobre a Circulação de Mercadorias e Serviços em seu aspecto ecológico é um mecanismo de inclusão de aspectos relativos à proteção ambiental nas políticas públicas. A Lei nº 11.038/2007 define que uma cota-parte do ICMS seja repartida aos municípios de acordo com a existência de áreas indígenas, áreas alagadas por barragens com usinas estabelecidas em outros municípios e áreas de unidades de conservação, devidamente registradas e regulamentadas. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo objetivou avaliar o mecanismo do ICMS Ecológico como instrumento de gestão ambiental, nos municípios gaúchos que auferem recursos a partir do registro de unidades de conservação, no ano de 2008. O estudo classifica-se como exploratório-descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, utilizando como técnicas de análise, a análise da correlação de Pearson e a análise da regressão linear simples. Em atendimento ao objetivo proposto, verificou-se que os municípios analisados aplicam recursos em gestão ambiental, porém recursos provenientes da cota-parte total recebida, ou seja, o ICMS Ecológico não pode ser chamado de incentivo à gestão ambiental dos municípios, uma vez que muitos gestores desconhecem este aporte financeiro recebido, desvalorizando esta política pública, que consiste em um estímulo à preservação ambiental

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Search for new particles in events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search is presented for new particles produced at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, using events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 101 fb(-1), collected in 2017-2018 with the CMS detector. Machine learning techniques are used to define separate categories for events with narrow jets from initial-state radiation and events with large-radius jets consistent with a hadronic decay of a W or Z boson. A statistical combination is made with an earlier search based on a data sample of 36 fb(-1), collected in 2016. No significant excess of events is observed with respect to the standard model background expectation determined from control samples in data. The results are interpreted in terms of limits on the branching fraction of an invisible decay of the Higgs boson, as well as constraints on simplified models of dark matter, on first-generation scalar leptoquarks decaying to quarks and neutrinos, and on models with large extra dimensions. Several of the new limits, specifically for spin-1 dark matter mediators, pseudoscalar mediators, colored mediators, and leptoquarks, are the most restrictive to date.Peer reviewe

Combined searches for the production of supersymmetric top quark partners in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A combination of searches for top squark pair production using proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb(-1) collected by the CMS experiment, is presented. Signatures with at least 2 jets and large missing transverse momentum are categorized into events with 0, 1, or 2 leptons. New results for regions of parameter space where the kinematical properties of top squark pair production and top quark pair production are very similar are presented. Depending on themodel, the combined result excludes a top squarkmass up to 1325 GeV for amassless neutralino, and a neutralinomass up to 700 GeV for a top squarkmass of 1150 GeV. Top squarks with masses from 145 to 295 GeV, for neutralino masses from 0 to 100 GeV, with a mass difference between the top squark and the neutralino in a window of 30 GeV around the mass of the top quark, are excluded for the first time with CMS data. The results of theses searches are also interpreted in an alternative signal model of dark matter production via a spin-0 mediator in association with a top quark pair. Upper limits are set on the cross section for mediator particle masses of up to 420 GeV

Probing effective field theory operators in the associated production of top quarks with a Z boson in multilepton final states at root s=13 TeV

Peer reviewe

Observation of tW production in the single-lepton channel in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV

A measurement of the cross section of the associated production of a single top quark and a W boson in final states with a muon or electron and jets in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV is presented. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 36 fb(-1) collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in 2016. A boosted decision tree is used to separate the tW signal from the dominant t (t) over bar background, whilst the subleading W+jets and multijet backgrounds are constrained using data-based estimates. This result is the first observation of the tW process in final states containing a muon or electron and jets, with a significance exceeding 5 standard deviations. The cross section is determined to be 89 +/- 4 (stat) +/- 12 (syst) pb, consistent with the standard model.Peer reviewe

Measurements of Higgs boson production cross sections and couplings in the diphoton decay channel at root s=13 TeV

Measurements of Higgs boson production cross sections and couplings in events where the Higgs boson decays into a pair of photons are reported. Events are selected from a sample of proton-proton collisions at root s = 13TeV collected by the CMS detector at the LHC from 2016 to 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb(-1). Analysis categories enriched in Higgs boson events produced via gluon fusion, vector boson fusion, vector boson associated production, and production associated with top quarks are constructed. The total Higgs boson signal strength, relative to the standard model (SM) prediction, is measured to be 1.12 +/- 0.09. Other properties of the Higgs boson are measured, including SM signal strength modifiers, production cross sections, and its couplings to other particles. These include the most precise measurements of gluon fusion and vector boson fusion Higgs boson production in several different kinematic regions, the first measurement of Higgs boson production in association with a top quark pair in five regions of the Higgs boson transverse momentum, and an upper limit on the rate of Higgs boson production in association with a single top quark. All results are found to be in agreement with the SM expectations.Peer reviewe