Simultaneous occurrence of papillary, follicular and medullary thyroid carcinoma in a patient with recurrent goiter

Objetivos: Reportar el caso poco frecuente de una paciente de 49 años con bocio recidivante y presencia simultánea de tres tipos histológicos de cáncer tiroideo. Caso clínico: Paciente femenina de 49 años de edad, con presencia de bocio recidivante. Sin historia de irradiación de cabeza o cuello, ni otros antecedentes personales o familiares de neoplasias endocrinas u otras. Se realizó tiroidectomía subtotal en el año 1986 por entidad benigna, sin terapia sustitutiva con L-tiroxina. Consultó por bocio deformante con sintomatología compresiva e hipotiroidismo bioquímico (TSH:50uUI/mL y T4L:0.03 ng/dL). La PAF reportó probable carcinoma papilar. El ultrasonido tiroideo (UST) mostró recidiva de bocio multinodular de 16,8 cc de volumen, con múltiples adenomegalias cervicales laterales izquierdas. Se realizó TAC de cuello y tórax apreciándose: lesión lobulada en el lóbulo izquierdo con extensión al mediastino antero lateral. La RX de tórax fue normal. Se realizó tiroidectomía total con disección radical modificada del lado izquierdo del cuello y de los niveles del II al VI. La histología postoperatoria mostró: a) tiroiditis de Haschimoto, b) carcinoma mixto: área folicular, áreas papilares y áreas sólidas en las cuales destaca material rojo Congo positivo característico de amiloide compatible con carcinoma medular, c) ganglios cervicales izquierdos con metástasis de carcinoma de tiroides predominantemente medular y folicular, con pequeñas papilas d) ganglio mediastinal con metástasis de carcinoma folicular de tiroides. Se indicó terapia ablativa con 200 mCi de I131. La determinación de calcitonina sérica fue de 1.282 pg/mL y el UST posquirúrgico mostró LOE vascularizado retroesternal y para medial izquierdo. Ante la persistencia tumoral se planificó nueva cervicotomía para completar disección ganglionar del nivel VII, con hallazgos histológicos de carcinoma medular. Se indicó levotiroxine y cumplieron 30 sesiones de radioterapia. Calcitonina post-radioterapia de 30 pg/mL, TSH:0.3 uUI/mL, T4L:1.8 y Tiroglobulina: 14 ng/dL, Conclusiones: La ocurrencia simultánea de carcinoma tiroideo múltiple de origen histológico diferente en un mismo individuo es un fenómeno raro, se presenta un caso de cáncer papilar, folicular y medular simultáneos en un bocio [email protected]@[email protected]: to report an unusual case of a 49 year old patient with recurrent goiter and the simultaneous presence of three types of histological thyroid cancer. Clinical Case: A 49 year old female patient, with the presence of recurrent goiter. There was no history of head or neck irradiation, nor a family or personal history of endocrine neoplasia or others. A subtotal thyroidectomy was preformed in 1986 for benign tumor, without medication of substitutive therapy with L-tiroxine. There was a recurrence of the goiter which was deformant with compressive symptoms and biochemical hypothyroidism (TSH:50uUI/mL and T4L:0.03 ng/dL), the fine needle aspiration biopsy reported possible papillary carcinoma. The thyroid ultrasound revealed a right thyroid lobe with volume greater than 16.8 cc, with multiple cervical lymph nodes to the left side with extensions to the lateral anterior mediastinum. The x-ray of the thorax was normal. A total thyroidectomy was performed with modified radical dissection to the left side of the neck of the levels II to VI. The histological results showed: a) Hashimoto thyroiditis, b) mixed carcinoma: follicular, papillary and solid areas with affinity for congo red dye which is characteristic of amyloid compatible with medullary carcinoma, c) left cervical lymph nodes with metastases of thyroid carcinoma predominantly medullary and follicular carcinoma and d) mediastinal lymph node metastases of follicular carcinoma of thyroid . Radioiodine therapy was performed with 200 mCi of I131. The serum calcitonin was 1282 pg/mL and post-surgical ultrasound of the thyroid showed vascularity and retroesternal LOE, since there was persistence of the tumor, a new cervicothomy was performed to complete the dissection of the lymph nodes from level VII, with histological findings of medullary carcinoma. Levothyroxine therapy was indicated and thirty sessions of radioactive therapy were completed, with levels of post-radioactive calcitonin of 30 pg/mL, TSH 0.3uUI/mL, T4L:1.8 ng/dL and Thyreoglobulin: 14 ng/dL. Conclusions: The simultaneous occurrence of thyroid carcinoma with different histological types in the same individual is a very rare situation. We present a case of papillary, medulary, and follicular carcinoma, all simultaneous in a recurrent goiter

Bocio multinodular gigante deformante. Presentación de un caso sin síntomas obstructivos

Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 50 años, con una tumoración en la parte anterior de cuello de 25 años de evolución, sin síntomas de compresión. Al examen físico se aprecia una glándula tiroides de gran tamaño que deforma el cuello, de superficie lisa y nodular, de aproximadamente 16x12cm. Los estudios de imágenes y de laboratorio confirmaron el diagnóstico. Se practicó una tiroidectomía total, obteniéndose una glándula de 17x12cm. Se identificaron y preservaron ambos nervios laríngeos recurrentes y las glándulas paratiroides. No hubo complicaciones postoperatorias y el resultado estético fue satisfactorio. En conclusión el bocio es una patología común en las zonas con insuficiente aporte de Yodo, donde tiene una incidencia aproximada de 11%. Las estadísticas obtenidas en nuestro hospital se corresponden con lo publicado en la literatura internacional. La variedad gigante es infrecuente, constituyendo una causa de síntomas compresivos y disconformidad estética, por lo que la cirugía es la indicación terapéutica. Abstract Giant multinodular goiter. A case report with no obstructive symptoms In this report we show a 50 years male patient with a tumor in the anterior part of neck of 25 years of evolution, without symptoms of compression. Physical examination shows a large thyroid gland, which deforms the neck, smooth and nodular, painless to palpation, approximately 16x12cm. Imaging studies and laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of multinodular goiter. A total thyroidectomy was performed, with a gland 17x12cm. Were identified and preserved both recurrent laryngeal nerves and parathyroid glands. There were no postoperative complications and the aesthetic result was satisfactory. In conclusion the goiter is a condition common in areas with insufficient supply of iodine, which has an incidence of approximately 11%. The statistics obtained in our hospital are as published in the international literature to endemic areas. The variety of the giant goiter is uncommon, constituting a cause of compressive symptoms and aesthetic disagreement, therefore, that surgery is the therapeutic indication

Influence of stone particles on the rheological behavior of a novel photopolymerizable siloxane-modified acrylic resin

A study was made of the effects of calcarenitic stone particles, known as pietra gentile, inclusions on the rheological behavior of photopolymerizable siloxanemodified acrylic formulations, intended as protective for the calcarenitic stone structures. Different amounts of stone particles (ranging from 15% wt to 35% wt) were added to the modified acrylic mixture to achieve a natural color matching for calcarenitic stone substrates. The presence of stone particles was expected to modify the rheological behavior of the protective formulation. Therefore, the viscosity of the mixtures was studied at ambient temperature as function of the shear rate and the solid volume fraction. A relationship was obtained to predict the modification of viscosity of each formulation as a consequence of inclusions of different amounts of stone