1,028 research outputs found
MEGARA main optics opto-mechanics
MEGARA is the future integral-field and multi-object spectrograph for the GTC 10.4m telescope located in the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos in La Palma. INAOE is a member of the MEGARA Consortium and it is in charge of the Optics Manufacturing work package. In addition to the manufacturing of 73 elements, the work package includes the opto-mechanics i.e. the opto-mechanical design, manufacture, tests and integration of the complete assembly of the main optics composed by the collimator and camera subsystems. MEGARA passed the Optics Detailed Design Review in May 2013 and will have the Detailed Design Review of the complete instrument early 2014. Here we describe the detailed design of the collimator and camera barrels. We also present the finite elements models developed to simulate the behavior of the barrel, sub-cells and other mechanical elements. These models verify that the expected stress fields and the gravitational displacements on the lenses are compatible with the optical quality tolerances. The design is finished and ready for fabrication
Quality of life in caregivers of patients with schizophrenia: A literature review
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>A couple of decades ago, hospitals or psychiatric institutions were in charge of caring for patients with schizophrenia; however, nowadays this role is performed by one or more patient's relatives. Evidence shows that informal caregivers experience negative changes in their quality of life (QOL). The aim of this study is to review the main factors associated with the QOL of caregivers of people with schizophrenia.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A search through databases from journals published last decade between 1998 and 2008 was performed. In accordance with the inclusion criteria, titles and abstracts of citations obtained from the search were examined independently by two authors and irrelevant articles discarded. The full text of those studies considered relevant by either reviewer were obtained and assessed independently. Where differences of opinion rose they were resolved by discussion. Out of the 258 references, 37 were included in the review.</p> <p>Studies which assessed factors associated with caregivers of people with schizophrenia's quality of life were included and the information summarized.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Evidence suggest that physical, emotional and economic distress affect negatively caregiver's QOL as a result of a number of unfulfilled needs such as, restoration of patient functioning in family and social roles, economic burden, lack of spare time, among other factors.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Decreased QOL may be associated with caregivers' burden, lack of social support, course of the disease and family relationships problems. In addition, in developing countries, QOL is affected by caregivers' economic burden. High quality research is needed in order to identify factors associated with QOL over time and testing the efficacy of interventions aiming to improve QOL in caregivers of patients with schizophrenia.</p
Indicator for patient safety: Readmission within 30 days for nosocomial infection.
Objetivos: Describir la frecuencia de reingresos en 30 días por infección nosocomial en el “Hospital
Torrecárdenas” de Almería.
Materiales y métodos: 25.653 episodios. El reingreso por infección nosocomial (IN): proporción de pacientes al
alta de cada uno de los episodios hospitalarios durante el periodo de estudio que son reingresados de modo
urgente en 30 días con IN, ya conste como diagnóstico principal del nuevo ingreso.
Resultados: Proporción de reingresos por IN es 2,6‰ (IC95% 2,0 – 3,3), que supone un total de 67 episodios
de reingreso por IN (5,0% del total). Unidad con mas reingresos por IN: UGC de urología 9,7‰ (IC95% 1,9 –
17,4)). Mayor probabilidad de reingreso se asocia al sexo masculino, a una mayor edad, a determinados
diagnósticos y servicio al alta. Las unidades de hospitalización con más reingresos: salud mental, obstetricia,
oncología radioterápica, oncología y reumatología, sin embargo, las unidades con mas reingresos por IN:
urología, angiología y C.Vascular, oncología, neumología y cardiología. Las enfermedades que destacan como
reingreso por IN: “otras alteraciones de uretra y vías urinaria” “infección postoperatoria, no clasificada en otro
lugar”.
Discusión y conclusiones: Se ha caracterizado el patrón de reingresos por IN en el hospital de Torrecárdenas,
utilizándose para ser utilizado para implementar acciones preventivas y como un indicador de calidad
asistencial.Objectives: To describe the frequency of readmission within 30 days for nosocomial infection at the “Hospital
Torrecardenas” of Almeria.
Material and methods: The source is from 1/1/2007 to 31/1/2008 CMBDh, analyzed 25,653 episodes.
Readmissions for nosocomial infection (NI): proportion of patients at discharge for each hospital episode during
the study period that are so urgently readmitted in 30 days with IN, and is credited as the primary diagnosis of
new entry or as a diagnosis secondary. Descriptive analysis of variables such as age, sex, high service, month
high, episode duration and primary diagnosis, using association between variables.Results: The proportion of readmissions by IN is 2.6 ‰ (IC95% 2,0–3,3), representing a total of 67 episodes of
readmission for IN (5.0% of readmissions). The unit with more readmissions for IN was the hospital's urology
unit (9.7 ‰ (IC95% 1,9–17,4)). A higher probability of readmission was associated with male gender, older
age, certain diagnostic and service to hospital discharge. Inpatient units with more readmissions: mental
health, obstetrics, radiation oncology, oncology and rheumatology, however, drives with more readmissions IN:
urology, Angiology and Vascular C., oncology, pulmonology and cardiology. The diseases that stand out as
readmission for IN are “other disorders of urethra and urinary tract” “postoperative infection, not elsewhere
classified”.
Conclusions: We have characterized the pattern of readmissions due to infections in the hospital Torrecárdenas,
used to be used to implement preventive measures as an indicator of quality
Ecología trófica del delfín listado en aguas del Mar de Alborán y el Golfo de Cádiz
Existe muy poca información sobre la dieta del delfín listado (Stenella coeruleoalba)
en aguas del sur de España. En este estudio se analizaron los estómagos de
61 delfines varados en Andalucía en los últimos ocho años (2007-2014). Diez estómagos
estaban vacios y de los 51 individuos restantes, 35 vararon en la costa
del Mar de Alborán y 11 en el Golfo de Cádiz. Para las 5 muestras restantes no se
dispone de localidad concreta.
Los restos de las presas en los estómagos consistieron sobre todo en estructuras
duras: otolitos, cristalinos y unos pocos huesos de peces, así como mandíbulas y
cristalinos de cefalópodos. No aparecieron otro tipo de restos lo que parece indicar
que los individuos no se habían alimentado recientemente. Para caracterizar la
dieta se calcularon tres índices (calculados para cada categoría de presa): frecuencia
de aparición en los estómagos, número de individuos y peso reconstruido
y sus porcentajes respectivos.
El delfín listado parece ser una especie predominantemente piscívora (se
identificaron restos de 5682 peces frente a solamente 210 cefalópodos) que se
alimenta de especies mesopelágicas principalmente. La familia más importante
tanto en número como en frecuencia de aparición fue Myctophidae, principalmente
Ceratoscopelus maderensis y Myctophum punctatum a las que pertenecieron casi
la mitad de los peces identificados (36,4%N, 35,3%F y 12,3%N, 25,5%F,
respectivamente). También se identificó Maurolicus muelleri (Sternoptychidae
13,4%N y 17,6%F). Otras familias identificadas presentan una distribución más
costera: Sparidae (Boops boops) y Carangidae (Trachurus sp.) (4,5%N, 9,8%F y
1,2%N, 3,9%F, respectivamente).
Los cefalópodos identificados pertenecieron a 11 familias siendo la más
abundante Ommastrephidae (26,7%N y 39,2%F). Otras familias incluyen
representantes oceánicos, Brachioteuthidae (16,7%N y 21,5%F); Chiroteuthidae
(6,7%N y 9,8%F); Enoploteuthidae (4,8%N y 3,9%F), Ancistrocheridae (0.5%N y
2%F) y otros de distribución más costera, Sepiolidae (19%N y 19,6%F), Sepiidae
(5,7%N y 3,9%F) y Loliginidae (3,8%N y 5,9%F)
Charge separation relative to the reaction plane in Pb-Pb collisions at TeV
Measurements of charge dependent azimuthal correlations with the ALICE
detector at the LHC are reported for Pb-Pb collisions at TeV. Two- and three-particle charge-dependent azimuthal correlations in
the pseudo-rapidity range are presented as a function of the
collision centrality, particle separation in pseudo-rapidity, and transverse
momentum. A clear signal compatible with a charge-dependent separation relative
to the reaction plane is observed, which shows little or no collision energy
dependence when compared to measurements at RHIC energies. This provides a new
insight for understanding the nature of the charge dependent azimuthal
correlations observed at RHIC and LHC energies.Comment: 12 pages, 3 captioned figures, authors from page 2 to 6, published
version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/286
Multiplicity dependence of jet-like two-particle correlations in p-Pb collisions at = 5.02 TeV
Two-particle angular correlations between unidentified charged trigger and
associated particles are measured by the ALICE detector in p-Pb collisions at a
nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. The transverse-momentum
range 0.7 5.0 GeV/ is examined,
to include correlations induced by jets originating from low
momen\-tum-transfer scatterings (minijets). The correlations expressed as
associated yield per trigger particle are obtained in the pseudorapidity range
. The near-side long-range pseudorapidity correlations observed in
high-multiplicity p-Pb collisions are subtracted from both near-side
short-range and away-side correlations in order to remove the non-jet-like
components. The yields in the jet-like peaks are found to be invariant with
event multiplicity with the exception of events with low multiplicity. This
invariance is consistent with the particles being produced via the incoherent
fragmentation of multiple parton--parton scatterings, while the yield related
to the previously observed ridge structures is not jet-related. The number of
uncorrelated sources of particle production is found to increase linearly with
multiplicity, suggesting no saturation of the number of multi-parton
interactions even in the highest multiplicity p-Pb collisions. Further, the
number scales in the intermediate multiplicity region with the number of binary
nucleon-nucleon collisions estimated with a Glauber Monte-Carlo simulation.Comment: 23 pages, 6 captioned figures, 1 table, authors from page 17,
published version, figures at
http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/161
Multi-particle azimuthal correlations in p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
Measurements of multi-particle azimuthal correlations (cumulants) for charged
particles in p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions are presented. They help address the
question of whether there is evidence for global, flow-like, azimuthal
correlations in the p-Pb system. Comparisons are made to measurements from the
larger Pb-Pb system, where such evidence is established. In particular, the
second harmonic two-particle cumulants are found to decrease with multiplicity,
characteristic of a dominance of few-particle correlations in p-Pb collisions.
However, when a gap is placed to suppress such correlations,
the two-particle cumulants begin to rise at high-multiplicity, indicating the
presence of global azimuthal correlations. The Pb-Pb values are higher than the
p-Pb values at similar multiplicities. In both systems, the second harmonic
four-particle cumulants exhibit a transition from positive to negative values
when the multiplicity increases. The negative values allow for a measurement of
to be made, which is found to be higher in Pb-Pb collisions at
similar multiplicities. The second harmonic six-particle cumulants are also
found to be higher in Pb-Pb collisions. In Pb-Pb collisions, we generally find
which is indicative of a Bessel-Gaussian
function for the distribution. For very high-multiplicity Pb-Pb
collisions, we observe that the four- and six-particle cumulants become
consistent with 0. Finally, third harmonic two-particle cumulants in p-Pb and
Pb-Pb are measured. These are found to be similar for overlapping
multiplicities, when a gap is placed.Comment: 25 pages, 11 captioned figures, 3 tables, authors from page 20,
published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/87
Transverse sphericity of primary charged particles in minimum bias proton-proton collisions at , 2.76 and 7 TeV
Measurements of the sphericity of primary charged particles in minimum bias
proton--proton collisions at , 2.76 and 7 TeV with the ALICE
detector at the LHC are presented. The observable is linearized to be collinear
safe and is measured in the plane perpendicular to the beam direction using
primary charged tracks with GeV/c in . The
mean sphericity as a function of the charged particle multiplicity at
mid-rapidity () is reported for events with different
scales ("soft" and "hard") defined by the transverse momentum of the leading
particle. In addition, the mean charged particle transverse momentum versus
multiplicity is presented for the different event classes, and the sphericity
distributions in bins of multiplicity are presented. The data are compared with
calculations of standard Monte Carlo event generators. The transverse
sphericity is found to grow with multiplicity at all collision energies, with a
steeper rise at low , whereas the event generators show the
opposite tendency. The combined study of the sphericity and the mean with multiplicity indicates that most of the tested event generators
produce events with higher multiplicity by generating more back-to-back jets
resulting in decreased sphericity (and isotropy). The PYTHIA6 generator with
tune PERUGIA-2011 exhibits a noticeable improvement in describing the data,
compared to the other tested generators.Comment: 21 pages, 9 captioned figures, 3 tables, authors from page 16,
published version, figures from
http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/308
A note on comonotonicity and positivity of the control components of decoupled quadratic FBSDE
In this small note we are concerned with the solution of Forward-Backward
Stochastic Differential Equations (FBSDE) with drivers that grow quadratically
in the control component (quadratic growth FBSDE or qgFBSDE). The main theorem
is a comparison result that allows comparing componentwise the signs of the
control processes of two different qgFBSDE. As a byproduct one obtains
conditions that allow establishing the positivity of the control process.Comment: accepted for publicatio
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