The method of long-life calculation for a friction couple “rotor – hybrid bearing”

Reliability of rotating machinery is determined to a considerable degree by the bearing units. For several applications the requirements in rotation speed, bearing load and maximal vibration level are so extreme that neither rolling-element bearings nor fluid-film bearings could provide necessary performance characteristics during all regimes of operation. Hybrid bearings, which are a combination of rolling-element and fluid-film bearings, can improve performance characteristics and reliability of the rotor-bearing systems. The article presents the approach for to formation of the method of resource calculation for hybrid bearing with speed separation. The results show that the resource of the slide bearing increases significantly when it is used in combination with a rolling-element bearing compared to its single setting

Hydrodynamic effects influence on lateral vibrations of rigid symmetric rotor with fluid-film bearings

The paper covers the questions of modeling and research different hydrodynamic effects, that influence the occurrence of lateral vibrations in rotor systems with fluid-film bearings. The present research is aimed at developing rotor dynamics as one of the fields of science, as well as at developing the analysis and diagnostics methods of the dynamic condition of the rotor systems with fluid-film bearings. The results of the present research consist of a complex of the developed mathematical models and the numerical methods of solutions for centering and Magnus effects in fluid-film bearing and its influence on dynamics of rotor system. The significance of the results is determined by a wide range of applications in various designs of single-shaft rotor systems. The novelty of the obtained results is in the developed mathematical models that allow solving the analysis problems of lateral vibrations in the rotor systems with fluid-film bearings, given a nonlinear formulation of the problem; which significantly broadens the spectrum of the analyzed parameters domain

The approach to building the algorithm for controlling rotor motion in a hybrid mechatronic bearing

The paper describes the approach to building the algorithm for controlling the rotor motion in a hybrid mechatronic bearing. Such bearings include a rolling bearing, a gas foil bearing, an electromagnetic and a piezo actuator. Fuzzy logic techniques are used in the proposed algorithm. Its main aim is to minimize the deviation of the rotor position in the bearing from the equilibrium position. It results in reducing the vibrational activity of the rotor-bearing system and reducing the friction losses

Analytic continuation as a bridge between continuum and bound states

The problem of obtaining characteristics of bound nuclear states from continuum states data is discussed. It is shown that the ambiguities due to the existence of phase-equivalent potentials can be resolved by using the analytic properties of scattering amplitudes. The methods of determination of asymptotic normalization coefficients and vertex constants are considered. The asymptotic normalization coefficients for 6Li in the α + d channel are found by analytic continuation of the two-channel effective range expansion. The account of inelastic channels within the effective range approach is discussed

Theoretical premises of a vibro-inertial method of viscosity measurement

In order to develop a compact precise device for studying the rheological properties of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids in a wide range of pressures, temperatures and shear rates, in the present paper a new method and design of a vibro-inertial viscometer is presented. A simulation model was developed to calculate the flow of a viscous uncompressible fluid in a torus-shaped channel under the influence of vibration. The effect of boundary flow of low viscosity fluids is identified and the relationship between the vibrational frequency and main characteristics of the viscometer is shown

Statistical analysis of turbo generator sets failure causes

Failure diagnostics and general decrease of accident rate at power plants is a major task of energy generation industry, and solution of it provides reliable energy supply country wide and technological progress in mechanical engineering. Along with some other crucial means, the task could be solved by means of teaching the maintenance staff based on accidents that have already occurred. That is no secret that everywhere in the world due to indecision or misinterpretation a huge number of accidents have happened merely because the personnel were not aware of similar cases at other power plants. Nevertheless with the development of computational technologies and mathematical algorithms the role of personnel in some cases has been reduced to observation and action in critical situation, while the rest is performed by machines: various types of diagnostics and prediction of failure systems based on artificial neural networks are widely applied and developed. However, in order to train these systems, it is absolutely required to know the reasons that could lead to and consequences that could follow some deterioration in turbo generator sets performance. The aim of the present paper is to give statistical analysis of turbo generator sets failure reasons based on open source data presented by Russian and foreign researchers and analysts in the field. The statistical data could be used to perform classification and ranking of failure reasons in terms of frequency of occurrence, possibility to identify or detect, etc. and the paper also gives brief listing of possible ways of detection or identification of failure modes and possible consequences for the main units of a turbo generator

Heat conductivity of DNA double helix

Thermal conductivity of isolated single molecule DNA fragments is of importance for nanotechnology, but has not yet been measured experimentally. Theoretical estimates based on simplified (1D) models predict anomalously high thermal conductivity. To investigate thermal properties of single molecule DNA we have developed a 3D coarse-grained (CG) model that retains the realism of the full all-atom description, but is significantly more efficient. Within the proposed model each nucleotide is represented by 6 particles or grains; the grains interact via effective potentials inferred from classical molecular dynamics (MD) trajectories based on a well-established all-atom potential function. Comparisons of 10 ns long MD trajectories between the CG and the corresponding all-atom model show similar root-mean-square deviations from the canonical B-form DNA, and similar structural fluctuations. At the same time, the CG model is 10 to 100 times faster depending on the length of the DNA fragment in the simulation. Analysis of dispersion curves derived from the CG model yields longitudinal sound velocity and torsional stiffness in close agreement with existing experiments. The computational efficiency of the CG model makes it possible to calculate thermal conductivity of a single DNA molecule not yet available experimentally. For a uniform (polyG-polyC) DNA, the estimated conductivity coefficient is 0.3 W/mK which is half the value of thermal conductivity for water. This result is in stark contrast with estimates of thermal conductivity for simplified, effectively 1D chains ("beads on a spring") that predict anomalous (infinite) thermal conductivity. Thus, full 3D character of DNA double-helix retained in the proposed model appears to be essential for describing its thermal properties at a single molecule level.Comment: 16 pages, 12 figure

Application of Artificial Neural Networks to Calculation of Oil Film Reaction Forces and Dynamics of Rotors on Journal Bearings

Increase of energy efficiency and level of information system development of rotor machines in general requires improvement of theoretical approaches to research. In the present paper the problem of high-precision and high-performance computing programs development has been considered to simulate rotor vibrations. Based on two-layer feed-forward neural networks, numerical models have been developed to calculate oil film reaction forces to solve the rotor dynamics problems. Comparison has been done of linear and nonlinear approaches to solution of rotor dynamics problems, and a qualitative evaluation has been presented of accuracy and performance of a neural network approach compared to conventional approaches to rotor dynamics

Machine learning for rotating machines: simulation, diagnosis and control

The goal of this work is association of several machine learning methods in a study of rotating machines with fluid-film bearings. A fitting method is applied to fit a non-linear reaction force in a bearing and solve a rotor dynamics problem. The solution in the form of a simulation model of a rotor machine has become a part of a control system based on reinforcement learning and the policy gradient method. Experimental part of the paper deals with a pattern recognition and fault diagnosis problem. All the methods are effective and accurate enough

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio