Procesos de conformación del Profesorado en Ciencias Biológicas en la Universidad Nacional de Tucumán

The present work aims to analyze the processes of shaping the career of teachers in Biological Sciences of the Faculty of Natural Sciences and the Miguel Lillo Institute of the National University of Tucumán. These processes cover both changes in the organization and administration of the academic study units as well as aspects related to the disciplinary fields that structure the curriculum. In order to carry out this research, an analysis of documents referring to the origin and implementation of the different curricula and of curricular documents from the creation of the university career in 1937 to the current plan was made. In the same sense, the files and resolutions produced regarding issues related to the shaping of organizational and training proposals were located and studied as well.Este trabajo tiene como objetivo realizar un análisis de los procesos de conformación de la carrera del Profesorado en Ciencias Biológicas de la Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo de la Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. A la vez, éstos abarcan tanto cambios en la organización y administración de las unidades académicas de cursado, como aspectos vinculados a los campos disciplinares que estructuran el curriculum. Para llevar a cabo esta investigación se realizó un análisis de documentos referidos al origen e implementación de los diferentes planes de estudios y documentos curriculares, desde la creación de la carrera en 1936 hasta el plan vigente. En el mismo sentido, se localizaron y estudiaron los expedientes y resoluciones producidos respecto de aspectos relativos a la conformación de las propuestas de organización y formación.&nbsp

Plan estratégico de la gestión del talento para contribuir a la competitividad de Pauser S.A.C. - periodo 2021-2023

Maximizar el crecimiento rentable es el principal objetivo de hoy en día de los negocios donde la pregunta frecuente es ¿cómo es que las empresas crecen más y generan más beneficios que la competencia? El crecimiento comercial significa la adquisición de nuevos clientes y mantener los actuales. Sea cualquier tamaño de la empresa, la industria que opera, o la competencia, la venta es la mayor palanca para lograr un crecimiento rentable y sostenido (Gicquel & Lambert, 2020). La empresa Pauser S.A.C., materia de la presente investigación, es consciente que para lograr un crecimiento rentable y sostenible requiere contar con el capital humano idóneo, que le permita lograr su plan agresivo de crecimiento para el 2021-2023

Measuring long-term exposure to wildfire PM2.5 in California: Time-varying inequities in environmental burden.

Wildfires have become more frequent and intense due to climate change and outdoor wildfire fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations differ from relatively smoothly varying total PM2.5. Thus, we introduced a conceptual model for computing long-term wildfire PM2.5 and assessed disproportionate exposures among marginalized communities. We used monitoring data and statistical techniques to characterize annual wildfire PM2.5 exposure based on intermittent and extreme daily wildfire PM2.5 concentrations in California census tracts (2006 to 2020). Metrics included: 1) weeks with wildfire PM2.5 < 5 μg/m3; 2) days with non-zero wildfire PM2.5; 3) mean wildfire PM2.5 during peak exposure week; 4) smoke waves (≥2 consecutive days with <15 μg/m3 wildfire PM2.5); and 5) mean annual wildfire PM2.5 concentration. We classified tracts by their racial/ethnic composition and CalEnviroScreen (CES) score, an environmental and social vulnerability composite measure. We examined associations of CES and racial/ethnic composition with the wildfire PM2.5 metrics using mixed-effects models. Averaged 2006 to 2020, we detected little difference in exposure by CES score or racial/ethnic composition, except for non-Hispanic American Indian and Alaska Native populations, where a 1-SD increase was associated with higher exposure for 4/5 metrics. CES or racial/ethnic × year interaction term models revealed exposure disparities in some years. Compared to their California-wide representation, the exposed populations of non-Hispanic American Indian and Alaska Native (1.68×, 95% CI: 1.01 to 2.81), white (1.13×, 95% CI: 0.99 to 1.32), and multiracial (1.06×, 95% CI: 0.97 to 1.23) people were over-represented from 2006 to 2020. In conclusion, during our study period in California, we detected disproportionate long-term wildfire PM2.5 exposure for several racial/ethnic groups

HELMINTOS DE PEQUENOS MAMÍFEROS EM UMA ESTAÇÃO BIOLÓGICA DA MATA ATLÂNTICA NO RIO DE JANEIRO, BRASIL

Interface areas between urban and sylvatic environments increase the contact between humans and wild animals, and may favour the transmission of zoonoses. The aim of this study was to describe the helminth fauna of a small mammal community in an urban-sylvatic interface area of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Twenty helminth species were recovered in six species of small mammals. Parasite sharing was observed in two helminth species among the marsupials. This study is the first report of a helminth infection for the marsupial Monodelphis americana (Müller, 1776). This is the first report of the nematodes Aspidodera raillieti Travassos, 1913, Viannaia hamata Travassos, 1914 and Trichuris sp. parasitizing the marsupial Marmosa paraguayana (Tate, 1931). None of the helminth species found has been reported to infect humans.Las áreas de interfaz entre ambientes urbanos y selváticos aumentan el contacto entre humanos y animales salvajes y pueden favorecer la transmisión de zoonosis. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir la helmintofauna de una comunidad de pequeños mamíferos en un área de interfaz urbano-selvática de la Mata Atlántica brasileña. Se recuperaron veinte especies de helmintos en seis especies de pequeños mamíferos. Se observó el intercambio de parásitos en dos especies de helmintos entre los marsupiales. Este estudio es el primer reporte de una infección por helmintos para el marsupial Monodelphis americana (Müller, 1776). Este es el primer reporte de los nematodos Aspidodera raillieti Travassos, 1913, Viannaia hamata Travassos, 1914 y Trichuris sp. parasitando al marsupial Marmosa paraguayana (Tate, 1931). No se ha informado que ninguna de las especies de helmintos encontradas infecte a los humanos.Áreas de interface entre ambientes urbanos e silvestres aumentam o contato entre os seres humanos e os animais silvestres, podendo favorecer a transmissão de zoonoses. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a helmintofauna de uma comunidade de pequenos mamíferos em uma área de interface urbano-silvestre da Mata Atlântica brasileira. Vinte espécies de helmintos foram recuperadas em seis espécies de pequenos mamíferos. Compartilhamento de parasitos foi observado em duas espécies de helmintos entre os marsupiais. Este estudo é o primeiro relato de infecção helmíntica pelo marsupial Monodelphis americana (Müller, 1776). Este é o primeiro relato dos nematoides Aspidodera raillieti Travassos, 1913, Viannaia hamata Travassos, 1914 e Trichuris sp. parasitando o marsupial Marmosa paraguayana (Tate, 1931). Nenhuma das espécies de helmintos encontrada já foi relatada infectando seres humanos

Mujeres, violencia doméstica y protección de derechos. Un estudio sobre la accesibilidad a los servicios de atención en la Provincia de Misiones. 16H335

El proyecto se fundamenta en experiencias de investigación, extensión y profesionales. Toma como tema la violencia de género (s), particularmente la que acontece en el ámbito denominado doméstico (“puertas adentro de la familia”1). Se circunscribe a este tema en tanto, las mujeres constituyen un grupo históricamente vulnerable y la violencia de género en el espacio doméstico es de las más recurrentes en las estadísticas oficiales. Esta problemática social y su abordaje desde el espacio público, el ámbito jurídico y las políticas públicas, no es nueva pero su comprensión debe ser ubicada en las coordenadas de época y espacio. Coordenadas que muestran importantes avances en la protección de los derechos de las mujeres y las familias como también múltiples acciones para su atención (desde instituciones públicas y organizaciones sociales que convergen en su abordaje). Sin embargo, la puesta en acto de las mismas y su efectividad muestran resultados contradictorios que desfavorecen las posibilidades de acceso y equidad. Desde la producción de conocimientos se trata de aportar a la comprensión del proceso2 en el cual se inscriben las respuestas al problema y las medidas de protección que las normas vigentes procuran, ubicando las brechas existentes entre los derechos formalizados y su efectivización en la vida cotidiana; específicamente en la Provincia de Misiones

Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences

The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & Nemésio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; Nemésio 2009a–b; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009; Cianferoni & Bartolozzi 2016; Amorim et al. 2016). This question was again raised in a letter supported by 35 signatories published in the journal Nature (Pape et al. 2016) on 15 September 2016. On 25 September 2016, the following rebuttal (strictly limited to 300 words as per the editorial rules of Nature) was submitted to Nature, which on 18 October 2016 refused to publish it. As we think this problem is a very important one for zoological taxonomy, this text is published here exactly as submitted to Nature, followed by the list of the 493 taxonomists and collection-based researchers who signed it in the short time span from 20 September to 6 October 2016

Cabbage and fermented vegetables : From death rate heterogeneity in countries to candidates for mitigation strategies of severe COVID-19

Large differences in COVID-19 death rates exist between countries and between regions of the same country. Some very low death rate countries such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, or the Balkans have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods. Although biases exist when examining ecological studies, fermented vegetables or cabbage have been associated with low death rates in European countries. SARS-CoV-2 binds to its receptor, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). As a result of SARS-CoV-2 binding, ACE2 downregulation enhances the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT(1)R) axis associated with oxidative stress. This leads to insulin resistance as well as lung and endothelial damage, two severe outcomes of COVID-19. The nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is the most potent antioxidant in humans and can block in particular the AT(1)R axis. Cabbage contains precursors of sulforaphane, the most active natural activator of Nrf2. Fermented vegetables contain many lactobacilli, which are also potent Nrf2 activators. Three examples are: kimchi in Korea, westernized foods, and the slum paradox. It is proposed that fermented cabbage is a proof-of-concept of dietary manipulations that may enhance Nrf2-associated antioxidant effects, helpful in mitigating COVID-19 severity.Peer reviewe

Nrf2-interacting nutrients and COVID-19 : time for research to develop adaptation strategies

There are large between- and within-country variations in COVID-19 death rates. Some very low death rate settings such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, the Balkans and Africa have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods whose intake is associated with the activation of the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) anti-oxidant transcription factor. There are many Nrf2-interacting nutrients (berberine, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, quercetin, resveratrol, sulforaphane) that all act similarly to reduce insulin resistance, endothelial damage, lung injury and cytokine storm. They also act on the same mechanisms (mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin, PPAR gamma:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, NF kappa B: Nuclear factor kappa B, ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases and eIF2 alpha:Elongation initiation factor 2 alpha). They may as a result be important in mitigating the severity of COVID-19, acting through the endoplasmic reticulum stress or ACE-Angiotensin-II-AT(1)R axis (AT(1)R) pathway. Many Nrf2-interacting nutrients are also interacting with TRPA1 and/or TRPV1. Interestingly, geographical areas with very low COVID-19 mortality are those with the lowest prevalence of obesity (Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia). It is tempting to propose that Nrf2-interacting foods and nutrients can re-balance insulin resistance and have a significant effect on COVID-19 severity. It is therefore possible that the intake of these foods may restore an optimal natural balance for the Nrf2 pathway and may be of interest in the mitigation of COVID-19 severity

Post-intervention Status in Patients With Refractory Myasthenia Gravis Treated With Eculizumab During REGAIN and Its Open-Label Extension

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether eculizumab helps patients with anti-acetylcholine receptor-positive (AChR+) refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) achieve the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) post-intervention status of minimal manifestations (MM), we assessed patients' status throughout REGAIN (Safety and Efficacy of Eculizumab in AChR+ Refractory Generalized Myasthenia Gravis) and its open-label extension. METHODS: Patients who completed the REGAIN randomized controlled trial and continued into the open-label extension were included in this tertiary endpoint analysis. Patients were assessed for the MGFA post-intervention status of improved, unchanged, worse, MM, and pharmacologic remission at defined time points during REGAIN and through week 130 of the open-label study. RESULTS: A total of 117 patients completed REGAIN and continued into the open-label study (eculizumab/eculizumab: 56; placebo/eculizumab: 61). At week 26 of REGAIN, more eculizumab-treated patients than placebo-treated patients achieved a status of improved (60.7% vs 41.7%) or MM (25.0% vs 13.3%; common OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.1-4.5). After 130 weeks of eculizumab treatment, 88.0% of patients achieved improved status and 57.3% of patients achieved MM status. The safety profile of eculizumab was consistent with its known profile and no new safety signals were detected. CONCLUSION: Eculizumab led to rapid and sustained achievement of MM in patients with AChR+ refractory gMG. These findings support the use of eculizumab in this previously difficult-to-treat patient population. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER: REGAIN, NCT01997229; REGAIN open-label extension, NCT02301624. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class II evidence that, after 26 weeks of eculizumab treatment, 25.0% of adults with AChR+ refractory gMG achieved MM, compared with 13.3% who received placebo

Minimal Symptom Expression' in Patients With Acetylcholine Receptor Antibody-Positive Refractory Generalized Myasthenia Gravis Treated With Eculizumab

The efficacy and tolerability of eculizumab were assessed in REGAIN, a 26-week, phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive (AChR+) refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG), and its open-label extension