REPERCUSSÕES DE ORIENTAÇÕES DOMICILIARES NA MOBILIDADE TORÁCICA DE PACIENTES COM FIBROSE CÍSTICA

Objetivo: Avaliar a mobilidade torácica através da cirtometria e do teste de sentar e alcançar (TSA) em crianças e adolescentes com fibrose cística (FC) antes e após 3 meses da aplicação de uma cartilha institucional de exercícios domiciliares. Material e métodos: Estudo tipo experimental, descritivo e analítico com crianças e adolescentes com FC colonizados por Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Foi realizada a mensuração da mobilidade torácica através da cirtometria e do TSA antes e após três meses da realização de exercícios domiciliares orientados através de cartilha, sendo comparadas as medidas entre si. Utilizou-se o método de Spearman para correlacionar as variáveis de interesse e comparação de médias para verificar a diferença entre os testes antes e após a realização dos exercícios. Resultados: Foram avaliados 10 pacientes na primeira fase do estudo, 80% do sexo feminino, com idade média de 14,9 anos. A medida alcançada no TSA foi de 44,1±10,17cm, enquanto a diferença de medidas da cirtometria entre a inspiração e expiração foi 3,3±1,06cm na região axilar, 3,5±1,3cm na região xifóide e 3,7±1,1cm na região umbilical. Houve correlação forte entre os valores obtidos nos testes e os valores da prova de função pulmonar. Após a aplicação dos exercícios domiciliares, tanto a cirtometria quanto o TSA melhoraram significativamente (p<0,001). Conclusão: Os exercícios domiciliares foram eficazes na melhora da mobilidade torácica, refletindo a importância das orientações e do estímulo à adesão ao tratamento nas crianças e adolescentes com FC

Production of He-4 and (4) in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV at the LHC

Results on the production of He-4 and (4) nuclei in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 2.76 TeV in the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar <1, using the ALICE detector, are presented in this paper. The rapidity densities corresponding to 0-10% central events are found to be dN/dy4(He) = (0.8 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.3 (syst)) x 10(-6) and dN/dy4 = (1.1 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.2 (syst)) x 10(-6), respectively. This is in agreement with the statistical thermal model expectation assuming the same chemical freeze-out temperature (T-chem = 156 MeV) as for light hadrons. The measured ratio of (4)/He-4 is 1.4 +/- 0.8 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst). (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Níveis séricos elevados de ácido araquidônico em indivíduos com periodontite crônica

Introdução: Ácidos graxos poli-insaturados estão sendo considerados uma valiosa abordagem para tratar as doenças periodontais. Objetivo: avaliar níveis plasmáticos dos ácidos: docosahexaenóico (DHA), eicosapentaenoico (EPA), docosapentanóico (DPA) e do ácido araquidônico (AA) em pacientes com periodontite crônica generalizada moderada e comparar com os níveis de pacientes que tinham apenas gengivite. Metodologia: Foram avaliados 10 indivíduos adultos com periodontite crônica (média de idade 42,5 ± 6,6 anos; 8 mulheres) e 10 indivíduos com gengivite (média de idade 32,8 ± 8,5 anos; 8 mulheres). O exame periodontal incluiu: índice de placa visível; índice de sangramento gengival, profundidade de sondagem, perda de inserção clínica e recessão gengival. Coleta de 20 ml de sangue após 12 horas de jejum foi realizada para avaliar os níveis de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados. Foram utilizados os testes estáticos T de Student e o qui quadrado. O nível de significância foi determinado em 5 % (p&lt; 0.05). O programa SPSS 15.0 foi utilizado para a análise dos dados. Resultados: Os pacientes com periodontite apresentavam níveis significativamente mais altos de AA (1017,3 ±327,5mcmol/1) quando comparados aos indivíduos apenas com gengivite (609,0 ±257,2) (p&lt;0,01). Em ambos os grupos as proporções AA/DPA e AA/EPA estavam mais altas do que a razão recomendada de 10:1, sugerindo que indivíduos com gengivite e periodontite apresentavam um desequilíbrio entre os ácidos ômega 3 e 6, o que pode prejudicar a resolução da inflamação nesses indivíduos. Conclusão: Esse estudo piloto demonstrou que indivíduos com periodontite crônica generalizada moderada apresentaram níveis plasmáticos mais elevados de AA do que indivíduos que tinham apenas gengivite. Os níveis plasmáticos de DHA, EPA e DPA foram similares entre os dois grupos avaliados

Conjunctival swab PCR to detect Leishmania spp. in cats

The relevance of the dog as a source of visceral leishmaniasis infection is known, but the role of cats as reservoir hosts for leishmaniasis is not yet fully clear. This study assessed the efficacy of conjunctival swab PCR (CS-PCR) in the detection of cats infected by Leishmania spp. The results were seven (13.5%) cats positive for Leishmania spp. in the PCR, in 52 cats tested from Pirassunuga-SP and Ilha Solteira-SP. From the city of Pirassununga – SP 28.6% (2/7) were positive and from the city of Ilha Solteira – SP 11.1% (5/45) were positive. The results showed that CS-PCR was capable of detecting cats infected by this protozoan. Conjunctival swab samples proved easier to perform in cats, which might facilitate studies on the frequency and distribution of feline leishmaniasis

Tumour-derived transforming growth factor-beta signalling contributes to fibrosis in patients with cancer cachexia

Background Cachexia is a paraneoplastic syndrome related with poor prognosis. The tumour micro-environment contributes to systemic inflammation and increased oxidative stress as well as to fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to characterise the inflammatory circulating factors and tumour micro-environment profile, as potentially contributing to tumour fibrosis in cachectic cancer patients. Methods 74 patients (weight stable cancer n = 31; cachectic cancer n = 43) diagnosed with colorectal cancer were recruited, and tumour biopsies were collected during surgery. Multiplex assay was performed to study inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. Immunohistochemistry analysis was carried out to study extracellular matrix components. Results Higher protein expression of inflammatory cytokines and growth factors such as epidermal growth factor, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interferon-alpha, and interleukin (IL)-8 was observed in the tumour and serum of cachectic cancer patients in comparison with weight-stable counterparts. Also, IL-8 was positively correlated with weight loss in cachectic patients (P = 0.04; r = 0.627). Immunohistochemistry staining showed intense collagen deposition (P = 0.0006) and increased presence of alpha-smooth muscle actin (P < 0.0001) in tumours of cachectic cancer patients, characterizing fibrosis. In addition, higher transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1, TGF-beta 2, and TGF-beta 3 expression (P = 0.003, P = 0.05, and P = 0.047, respectively) was found in the tumour of cachectic patients, parallel to p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase alteration. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha mRNA content was significantly increased in the tumour of cachectic patients, when compared with weight-stable group (P = 0.005). Conclusions Our results demonstrate TGF-beta pathway activation in the tumour in cachexia, through the (non-canonical) mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. The results show that during cachexia, intratumoural inflammatory response contributes to the onset of fibrosis. Tumour remodelling, probably by TGF-beta-induced transdifferentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts, induces unbalanced inflammatory cytokine profile, angiogenesis, and elevation of extracellular matrix components (EMC). We speculate that these changes may affect tumour aggressiveness and present consequences in peripheral organs10510451059CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal e Nível SuperiorCNPQ - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoFAPESP – Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa Do Estado De São Paulosem informaçãosem informação2012/50079-0; 2016/08726-1; 2016/04000-

Relative particle yield fluctuations in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN=2.76\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 2.76 TeV

First results on K/$\pi$, p/$\pi$ and K/p fluctuations are obtained with the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC as a function of centrality in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=2.76$ TeV. The observable $\nu_{\rm dyn}$, which is defined in terms of the moments of particle multiplicity distributions, is used to quantify the magnitude of dynamical fluctuations of relative particle yields and also provides insight into the correlation between particle pairs. This study is based on a novel experimental technique, called the Identity Method, which allows one to measure the moments of multiplicity distributions in case of incomplete particle identification. The results for p/$\pi$ show a change of sign in $\nu_{\rm dyn}$ from positive to negative towards more peripheral collisions. For central collisions, the results follow the smooth trend of the data at lower energies and $\nu_{\rm dyn}$ exhibits a change in sign for p/$\pi$ and K/p.First results on $\hbox {K}/\pi$ , $\hbox {p}/\pi$ and K/p fluctuations are obtained with the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC as a function of centrality in $\text{ Pb--Pb }$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{{NN}}} =2.76\hbox { TeV}$ . The observable $\nu _{\mathrm{dyn}}$ , which is defined in terms of the moments of particle multiplicity distributions, is used to quantify the magnitude of dynamical fluctuations of relative particle yields and also provides insight into the correlation between particle pairs. This study is based on a novel experimental technique, called the Identity Method, which allows one to measure the moments of multiplicity distributions in case of incomplete particle identification. The results for $\hbox {p}/\pi$ show a change of sign in $\nu _{\mathrm{dyn}}$ from positive to negative towards more peripheral collisions. For central collisions, the results follow the smooth trend of the data at lower energies and $\nu _{\mathrm{dyn}}$ exhibits a change in sign for $\hbox {p}/\pi$ and K/p

π0\pi ^{0} and η\eta meson production in proton-proton collisions at s=8\sqrt{s}=8 TeV

An invariant differential cross section measurement of inclusive $\pi ^{0}$ and $\eta$ meson production at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8$  TeV was carried out by the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The spectra of $\pi ^{0}$ and $\eta$ mesons were measured in transverse momentum ranges of $0.33.5$   $\text{ GeV/c }$ . However, a deviation from this empirical scaling rule is observed for transverse momenta below $p_{ \text{ T }} <3.5$   $\text{ GeV/c }$ in the $\eta /\pi ^0$ ratio with a significance of $6.2\sigma$

Relative particle yield fluctuations in Pb-Pb \text{ Pb-Pb } collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV\sqrt{s_\mathrm{{NN}}} =2.76\hbox { TeV}

First results on $\hbox {K}/\pi$ , $\hbox {p}/\pi$ and K/p fluctuations are obtained with the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC as a function of centrality in $\text{ Pb-Pb }$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{{NN}}} =2.76\hbox { TeV}$ . The observable $\nu _{\mathrm{dyn}}$ , which is defined in terms of the moments of particle multiplicity distributions, is used to quantify the magnitude of dynamical fluctuations of relative particle yields and also provides insight into the correlation between particle pairs. This study is based on a novel experimental technique, called the Identity Method, which allows one to measure the moments of multiplicity distributions in case of incomplete particle identification. The results for $\hbox {p}/\pi$ show a change of sign in $\nu _{\mathrm{dyn}}$ from positive to negative towards more peripheral collisions. For central collisions, the results follow the smooth trend of the data at lower energies and $\nu _{\mathrm{dyn}}$ exhibits a change in sign for $\hbox {p}/\pi$ and K/p

First measurement of Ξc0\Xi_{\rm c}^0 production in pp collisions at s\mathbf{\sqrt{s}} = 7 TeV

The production of the charm-strange baryon Ξc0 is measured for the first time at the LHC via its semileptonic decay into e Ξ−+νe in pp collisions at s=7 TeV with the ALICE detector. The transverse momentum ( pT ) differential cross section multiplied by the branching ratio is presented in the interval 1<pT<8 GeV/c at mid-rapidity, |y|<0.5 . The transverse momentum dependence of the Ξc0 baryon production relative to the D0 meson production is compared to predictions of event generators with various tunes of the hadronisation mechanism, which are found to underestimate the measured cross-section ratio