Potencialidades y restricciones del “Palacio Pichardo” para hotel de la cadena Encanto

It is needed to preserve the patrimony like historical legacy, and to attract, toward the Historical Centers, a specialized tourism that looks for to increase their culture and knowledge called urban tourism. The city of Camagüey possesses patrimonial values that constitute a valuable factor for the tourist activity of the country, and it determines the necessity to enlarge the hotel plant in its historical center. The hotel plant in the Historical Center of Camagüey is insufficient, and the MINTUR has requested that the Palacio's potentialities Pichardo is analyzed to transform it in a hotel of the Chain Charm. That is the objective of the present work. Theoretical and empiric methods were used. Stages of the development of the tourist activity are analyzed in Cuba. The investigation takes in consideration the effective legislation about the patrimony in Cuba, and the significance levels in the city and the architecture. Se necesita preservar el patrimonio como legado histórico, y atraer, hacia los Centros Históricos, un turismo especializado que busca aumentar su cultura y conocimiento llamado turismo urbano. La ciudad de Camagüey posee valores patrimoniales que constituyen un factor valioso para la actividad turística del país, y determina la necesidad de ampliar la planta hotelera en su centro histórico. La planta hotelera en el Centro Histórico de Camagüey es insuficiente,  y el MINTUR ha solicitado que se analicen las potencialidades del Palacio Pichardo para transformarlo en un hotel de la Cadena Encanto. Ese es el objetivo del presente trabajo. Se emplearon métodos teóricos y empíricos. Se analizan etapas del desarrollo de la actividad turística en Cuba. La investigación  toma en consideración la legislación vigente acerca del patrimonio en Cuba, y  los niveles de significación en la ciudad y la arquitectura. El trabajo sirve de base para una futura propuesta de hotel en este inmueble

Real-time monitoring of protein conformational changes using a nano-mechanical sensor.

Proteins can switch between different conformations in response to stimuli, such as pH or temperature variations, or to the binding of ligands. Such plasticity and its kinetics can have a crucial functional role, and their characterization has taken center stage in protein research. As an example, Topoisomerases are particularly interesting enzymes capable of managing tangled and supercoiled double-stranded DNA, thus facilitating many physiological processes. In this work, we describe the use of a cantilever-based nanomotion sensor to characterize the dynamics of human topoisomerase II (Topo II) enzymes and their response to different kinds of ligands, such as ATP, which enhance the conformational dynamics. The sensitivity and time resolution of this sensor allow determining quantitatively the correlation between the ATP concentration and the rate of Topo II conformational changes. Furthermore, we show how to rationalize the experimental results in a comprehensive model that takes into account both the physics of the cantilever and the dynamics of the ATPase cycle of the enzyme, shedding light on the kinetics of the process. Finally, we study the effect of aclarubicin, an anticancer drug, demonstrating that it affects directly the Topo II molecule inhibiting its conformational changes. These results pave the way to a new way of studying the intrinsic dynamics of proteins and of protein complexes allowing new applications ranging from fundamental proteomics to drug discovery and development and possibly to clinical practice

Solución estratégica para elevar eficiencia productiva del reemplazo Siboney de Cuba

In order to study the determining factors of productive efficiency of milk replacement at Loma de Candelaria´s productive farm, 7 units were chosen, making them coincide with those where the Siboney de Cuba developing females traffics from the artificial breeding until their first delivery. In every unit was carried out a diagnose instrument in correspondence to BUNT methodology, that they allowed to characterize which considered the variables which characterized the behaviour of the technological process of the zootechnical flow of the herd object of the research, Contingency´s analysis was carried out, which allowed to discriminate the most influencing factors in the productive process, and it was also analyzed the pro-quo forces as to conform a DAFO matrix for the females developing flow. As a result, it was found that herd´s productivity rates is conditioned by two major factors which explain more than 70 per cent of the total variance: they are the agro-technical activities and feeding throughout growing stages; besides the fact that in the organization the work with the female for replacement is found in the reorientation quadrant, with an adaptative position. As a conclusion, the main difficulties in every stage where the Siboney de Cuba female designated for replacement in the productive Unit, can be reverted since the reformulation of work objectives in order to improve the amount and quality of the grasses and forages, as well as the manipulation and quality of the feeding balance supported in the systematic and progressive introduction of science, innovation and technological findings applied to the productive process as such.Para estudiar los factores que determinan la eficiencia productiva del reemplazo lechero en la Unidad Empresarial de Base "Loma de Candelaria", se eligieron las 7 unidades por donde transitan las hembras en desarrollo Siboney de Cuba, desde la etapa de cría artificial hasta el primer parto. Se aplicó en cada unidad, instrumento de diagnóstico conforme metodología BUNT, la que contenía las variables, que permitieron caracterizar el comportamiento de los procesos tecnológicos del flujo zootécnico del rebaño estudiado. Se empleó análisis de contingencia, que permitió discriminar los factores que más influyen en el comportamiento productivo, y se realizó además, tipificación de fuerzas pro y contra que sirvieron para conformar una matriz DAFO del flujo de la hembra en desarrollo. Se encontró que la productividad de los rebaños, está condicionada por dos factores que explican más del 70 % de la varianza total: la actividad de agrotecnia y la alimentación por etapas; además de que en la organización, el trabajo con el reemplazo se encuentra en el cuadrante de reorientación, con una posición adaptativa. Se concluyó que las principales dificultades en cada etapa por las que transita la hembra de reemplazo, pueden revertirse a partir de la formulación de objetivos de trabajo en función de mejorar la disponibilidad y calidad de los pastos y forrajes, así como el manejo y calidad de los balances alimentarios apoyados en la introducción sistemática y acelerada de los resultados de la ciencia, la innovación y la tecnología en los procesos productivos

Scale to measure pressure ulcer risk in children with invasive mechanical ventilation

Introducción: desde que las escalas evaluadoras del riesgo de úlceras por presión son requeridas para identificar pacientes con esa condición cuidados precoces y apropiados han sido instituidos; sin embargo, varias han tenido que ser diseñadas según el contexto de actuación. Objetivo: proponer una escala de valoración de riesgo de úlcera por presión en pacientes pediátricos con ventilación mecánica invasiva. Métodos: estudio cuantitativo y cualitativo realizado en el Hospital “José Luis Miranda” en dos etapas: en la primera, a través del método de regresión logística binaria, se determinaron los factores de riesgo de úlceras por presión que más afectaron a la población de 550 pacientes ventilados; en la segunda un grupo nominal formado por nueve especialistas seleccionaron los ítem que conformarían la escala y sus intervalos de medidas a partir de la información recogida en una guía de observación no participativa que fue aplicada a los pacientes. Resultados: los factores de riesgos relacionados con la aparición de úlceras por presión en pacientes pediátricos con ventilación mecánica invasiva fueron la inmovilidad y el uso de relajantes. Conclusiones: se diseñó una escala para predecir el riesgo de úlceras por presión en pacientes pediátricos ventilados que consta de ocho ítems; tienen tres alternativas de puntuación que van desde uno hasta tres (el valor 1 representa el mayor deterioro y el valor 3 el menor). Se determina el riesgo por tres categorías: máximo para puntuaciones entre ocho y 13, medio para valores entre 14 y 19 y mínimo entre 20 a 24 puntos.Introduction: early and appropriate care has been implemented since the scales to assess the risk of pressure ulcers have been required to identify patients with this condition. However, several of these scales have had to be designed according to the context of action. Objective: to propose a risk assessment scale for pressure ulcer in pediatric patients with mechanical ventilation. Methods: a quantitative and qualitative study was carried out at the José Luis Miranda Hospital in two stages: in the first stage, through the binary logistic regression method, the risk factors of pressure ulcers that most affected a population of 550 ventilated patients were determined. In the second stage, a nominal group formed by nine specialists selected the items that would make up the scale and their ranges of measurements from the information collected in a non-participatory observation guide that was applied to patients. Results: the risk factors related to the appearance of pressure ulcers in pediatric patients with artificial mechanical ventilation were immobility and the use of relaxants. Conclusions: a scale was designed to predict the risk of pressure ulcers in ventilated pediatric patients. It consists of eight items; they have three scoring alternatives ranging from one to three (the value 1 represents the greatest deterioration and the value 3 the least). The risk is determined by three categories: maximum for scores between 8 and 13, medium for values between 14 and 19 and minimum between 20 and 24 points

Presentación de caso radiológico. Esclerosis tuberosa

Se presenta un caso de una mujer de 27 años, quien acude al Cuerpo de Guardiacon dolor abdominal moderado de reciente comienzo. Al examen físico, se constatauna masa abdominal que ocupaba ambos flancos. Luego de los estudios clínicos eimagenológicos, se comprobó la presencia de angiomiolipomas renales bilaterales,nódulos subependimarios y lesiones en piel por lo que se diagnosticó esclerosistuberosa. La esclerosis tuberosa es una enfermedad neurocutánea caracterizadapor cambios hamartomatosos en los pulmones, cerebro, riñones, piel, corazón yotros órganos. Para el diagnóstico se aplican criterios basados en el hallazgo demanifestaciones mayores y menores. En esto, la Imagenología tiene un importantepapel.Palabras clave: Esclerosis tuberosa, angiomiolipomas bilaterales, nódulossubependimarios

Estrategia de Enfermería como contribución a la intervención temprana del neurodesarrollo

Perinatal hypoxia is a concern because of its possible role in the development of cerebral palsy. Optimal nursing care is essential in these infants at risk of neurological damage. A descriptive, longitudinal and prospective investigation was conducted at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Mariana Grajales Cuello Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital in Villa Clara in 2009 and 2010. The universe was formed by 92 nurses and the sample by 80 nurses selected through a non-probability and intentional sampling. Tests, questionnaires and interviews were conducted to collect data. The result were that the level of fundamental theoretical skills of nurses about the management of hypoxic neonate is low and that the  learning needs were neonatal resuscitation, thermoregulation, suctioning, oxygen therapy and the nursing care for neurodevelopment. Considering these needs, a care strategy was designed as a contribution to early intervention in neurodevelopment in infants with risks of brain damage.La hipoxia perinatal es motivo de preocupación por su posible papel en la aparición de parálisis cerebral; la atención de enfermería óptima es imprescindible en estos neonatos con riesgo de daño neurológico. Se realizó una investigación de tipo descriptiva, longitudinal, prospectiva en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales del Hospital Ginecobstétrico “Mariana Grajales Cuello” de Villa Clara durante los años 2009 y 2010. El universo fue de 92 enfermeros y la muestra de 80 seleccionados a través de un muestreo de tipo no probabilístico e intencional. Se realizaron exámenes, un cuestionario y entrevistas para la recogida de los datos. Se obtuvieron como resultados fundamentales que el nivel de competencia teórica de los enfermeros acerca del manejo del neonato hipóxico es bajo y que las necesidades de aprendizaje fueron la reanimación neonatal, la termorregulación, la aspiración de secreciones, la oxigenoterapia y los cuidados de enfermería para el neurodesarrollo; se diseñó una estrategia de cuidado como contribución a la intervención temprana del neurodesarrollo en los neonatos con riesgos de daño cerebral

Optimizing CIGB-300 intralesional delivery in locally advanced cervical cancer

Background:We conducted a phase 1 trial in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer by injecting 0.5 ml of the CK2-antagonist CIGB-300 in two different sites on tumours to assess tumour uptake, safety, pharmacodynamic activity and identify the recommended dose.Methods:Fourteen patients were treated with intralesional injections containing 35 or 70 mg of CIGB-300 in three alternate cycles of three consecutive days each before standard chemoradiotherapy. Tumour uptake was determined using 99 Tc-radiolabelled peptide. In situ B23/nucleophosmin was determined by immunohistochemistry.Results:Maximum tumour uptake for CIGB-300 70-mg dose was significantly higher than the one observed for 35 mg: 16.1±8.9 vs 31.3±12.9 mg (P=0.01). Both, AUC 24h and biological half-life were also significantly higher using 70 mg of CIGB-300 (P<0.001). Unincorporated CIGB-300 diffused rapidly to blood and was mainly distributed towards kidneys, and marginally in liver, lungs, heart and spleen. There was no DLT and moderate allergic-like reactions were the most common systemic side effect with strong correlation between unincorporated CIGB-300 and histamine levels in blood. CIGB-300, 70 mg, downregulated B23/nucleophosmin (P=0.03) in tumour specimens.Conclusion:Intralesional injections of 70 mg CIGB-300 in two sites (0.5 ml per injection) and this treatment plan are recommended to be evaluated in phase 2 studies.Fil: Sarduy, M. R.. Medical-surgical Research Center; CubaFil: García, I.. Centro de Ingeniería Genética y Biotecnología; CubaFil: Coca, M. A.. Clinical Investigation Center; CubaFil: Perera, A.. Clinical Investigation Center; CubaFil: Torres, L. A.. Clinical Investigation Center; CubaFil: Valenzuela, C. M.. Centro de Ingeniería Genética y Biotecnología; CubaFil: Baladrón, I.. Centro de Ingeniería Genética y Biotecnología; CubaFil: Solares, M.. Hospital Materno Ramón González Coro; CubaFil: Reyes, V.. Center For Genetic Engineering And Biotechnology Havana; CubaFil: Hernández, I.. Isotope Center; CubaFil: Perera, Y.. Centro de Ingeniería Genética y Biotecnología; CubaFil: Martínez, Y. M.. Medical-surgical Research Center; CubaFil: Molina, L.. Medical-surgical Research Center; CubaFil: González, Y. M.. Medical-surgical Research Center; CubaFil: Ancízar, J. A.. Centro de Ingeniería Genética y Biotecnología; CubaFil: Prats, A.. Clinical Investigation Center; CubaFil: González, L.. Centro de Ingeniería Genética y Biotecnología; CubaFil: Casacó, C. A.. Clinical Investigation Center; CubaFil: Acevedo, B. E.. Centro de Ingeniería Genética y Biotecnología; CubaFil: López Saura, P. A.. Centro de Ingeniería Genética y Biotecnología; CubaFil: Alonso, Daniel Fernando. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes; ArgentinaFil: Gómez, R.. Elea Laboratories; ArgentinaFil: Perea Rodríguez, S. E.. Center For Genetic Engineering And Biotechnology Havana; Cuba. Centro de Ingeniería Genética y Biotecnología; Cub

Study of Topoisomerase-DNA Interaction Using Atomic Force Microscopy

The aim of this thesis was to explore the topoisomerase-DNA interactions using atomic force microscopy (AFM) in a liquid environment. Firstly, we present a programmable microcontroller-driven injection system for the exchange of an imaging medium while using AFM. Using this low-noise system, high-resolution imaging can be performed during the process of injection without disturbance. The use of the injection system was put into practice when studying the conformational changes of DNA molecules during the injection of intercalating agents, such as daunorubicin (an anticancer drug) and ethidium bromide, into the fluid chamber. An observation of their mode of interaction with DNA might help elucidating their mechanism of action, thereby facilitating the development of more specific drugs. Part of this thesis deals with the way enzymes interact with DNA molecules. We found that human type II topoisomerases (Topo II) bind preferentially to DNA crossovers. About 50% of the DNA crossings, where the Topo II were bound to, presented an angle of a nearly perpendicular orientation, suggesting a favoured binding geometry in the Topo II recognition. Our studies with AFM also helped us visualize the dynamics of the unknotting action of Topo II in knotted DNA molecules. Additionally we investigated the interactions between Topo II and DNA by applying single molecule force spectroscopy. This study evidenced the inhibitor effect of the aclarubicin (anticancer drug) and evaluated the preferential binding of Topo II to specific DNA supercoiled forms. Finally, we explored the Topo II dynamics using a novel technique that detects motion from nano- to micro-metre sized systems. This method opens new possibilities for the study of conformational changes of single proteins, biochemical reactions, as well as drug-target inhibition

Nanoscale motion detector

Motion detector comprising a flexible support (1,5) adapted to hold at least one object (6-9), a sensor (4) for measuring the displacement of said support (1) and processing means for differentiating the fluctuations of said support (1) from those induced by said object (6-9)