438 research outputs found
Apego e identidad con el lugar de población española residente en Alemania
El presente estudio analiza cómo se relacionan las variables psicosociales ambientales de apego e identidad con el lugar con la satisfacción vital de población española residente en Alemania, es decir, en relación a la evaluación de la experiencia migratoria. Se tienen en cuenta también factores sociodemográficos en esta evaluación: empleo, ingresos mensuales recibidos y la clase social percibida. Con una muestra de 206 personas, los resultados muestran un nivel medio o medio alto en todas las variables psicosociales consideradas. Respecto a los factores sociodemográficos estudiados, no se muestran diferencias significativas para las variables apego e identidad con el lugar. Sin embargo, las diferencias si son significativas en satisfacción vital según la clase social percibida y los ingresos mensuales recibidos. Así, a mayores ingresos y percepción de una clase social más alta, mejor es la evaluación de la experiencia migratoria. Por otra parte, todas las variables psicosociales correlacionan de forma significativa entre ellas. Los resultados también indican que apego e identidad con el lugar predicen la satisfacción vital explicando un 21% de la varianza. Así, muestran mayores niveles de satisfacción aquellas personas que se sienten unidas y a gusto en la ciudad en la que residen.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech
Satisfacción residencial: Influencia en la comunidad y el bienestar
La satisfacción residencial se considera un componente de la calidad de vida percibida, cabe esperar que se vincule al bienestar y concretamente a la satisfacción vital, entendemos que una mayor satisfacción implica que los individuos deseen mantener y cuidar los entornos que habitan. En esta línea el sentido de comunidad supone un avance de una concepción aislada hacia un sentido de pertenencia mayor que vincula a los individuos. El presente trabajo pretende:
1. Confirmar las relaciones entre satisfacción residencial, satisfacción vital y sentido de comunidad.
2. Comprobar las diferencias en satisfacción residencial atendiendo a la influencia de variables sociodemográficas.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech
Fatalismo y variables psicosociales: Diferencias predictivas en hombres y mujeres
El fatalismo es definido como aceptación pasiva y sumisa del destino y como estado anímico de incertidumbre e indefensión frente a lo que acontece. En esta investigación analizamos este concepto y sus relaciones con otras variables psicosociales. Con una muestra de 750 personas, los resultados muestran que el fatalismo se relaciona positivamente con el sexismo, con alguna atribución causal de la pobreza (determinismo social y aprendizaje cultural), con la creencia en un mundo justo y el sentido de comunidad. Así mismo, se relaciona negativamente con el apoyo social, las participaciones política y comunitaria, la satisfacción vital y el sentimiento de felicidad. En función a los factores sociodemográficos, se aprecian diferencias significativas. En concreto, son más fatalistas las personas con menores ingresos económicos, menor nivel de estudios y clase social baja. A pesar de que hombres y mujeres tienen niveles similares de fatalismo, éste se predice con variables diferentes según el sexo. Son comunes las atribuciones causales de la pobreza (determinismo social y aprendizaje cultural) y el sexismo; sin embargo, predicen negativamente el fatalismo la participación política en hombres y la participación comunitaria en mujeres. Estos resultados son coherentes con el concepto de fatalismo y las teorías en relación al mismo.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech
Pre-Existing T- and B-Cell Defects in One Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Patient
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) usually occurs in patients with severe immunosuppression, hematological malignancies, chronic inflammatory conditions or receiving organ transplant. Recently, PML has also been observed in patients treated with monoclonal antibodies. By taking advantage of the availability of samples from a multiple sclerosis (MS) patient treated with natalizumab, the antibody anti-α4 integrin, who developed PML and was monitored starting before therapy initiation, we investigated the fate of T and B lymphocytes in the onset of PML. Real-time PCR was used to measure new T- and B-cell production by means of T-cell receptor excision circle (TREC) and K-deleting recombination excision circle (KREC) analysis and to quantify transcripts for CD34, terminal-deoxynucleotidyltransferase, and V pre-B lymphocyte gene 1. T- and B-cell subsets and T-cell heterogeneity were measured by flow cytometry and spectratyping. The data were compared to those of untreated and natalizumab-treated MS patients and healthy donors. Before therapy, a patient who developed PML had a low TREC and KREC number; TRECs remained low, while KRECs and pre-B lymphocyte gene 1 transcripts peaked at 6 months of therapy and then decreased at PML diagnosis. Flow cytometry confirmed the deficient number of newly produced T lymphocytes, counterbalanced by an increase in TEMRA cells. The percentage of naive B cells increased by approximately 70% after 6 months of therapy, but B lymphocyte number remained low for the entire treatment period. T-cell heterogeneity and immunoglobulins were reduced
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Towards pain-free diagnosis of skin diseases through multiplexed microneedles: biomarker extraction and detection using a highly sensitive blotting method
Immunodiagnostic microneedles provide a novel way to extract protein biomarkers from the skin in a minimally invasive manner for analysis in vitro. The technology could overcome challenges in biomarker analysis specifically in solid tissue, which currently often involves invasive biopsies. This study describes the development of a multiplex immunodiagnostic device incorporating mechanisms to detect multiple antigens simultaneously, as well as internal assay controls for result validation. A novel detection method is also proposed. It enables signal detection specifically at microneedle tips and therefore may aid the construction of depth profiles of skin biomarkers. The detection method can be coupled with computerised densitometry for signal quantitation. The antigen specificity, sensitivity and functional stability of the device were assessed against a number of model biomarkers. Detection and analysis of endogenous antigens (interleukins 1α and 6) from the skin using the device was demonstrated. The results were verified using conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The detection limit of the microneedle device, at ≤10 pg/mL, was at least comparable to conventional plate-based solid-phase enzyme immunoassays
Search for CP violation in decays
A model-independent search for direct CP violation in the Cabibbo suppressed
decay in a sample of approximately 370,000 decays is
carried out. The data were collected by the LHCb experiment in 2010 and
correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35 pb. The normalized Dalitz
plot distributions for and are compared using four different
binning schemes that are sensitive to different manifestations of CP violation.
No evidence for CP asymmetry is found.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Observation of resonances consistent with pentaquark states in decays
Observations of exotic structures in the channel, that we refer to
as pentaquark-charmonium states, in decays are
presented. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 3/fb
acquired with the LHCb detector from 7 and 8 TeV pp collisions. An amplitude
analysis is performed on the three-body final-state that reproduces the
two-body mass and angular distributions. To obtain a satisfactory fit of the
structures seen in the mass spectrum, it is necessary to include two
Breit-Wigner amplitudes that each describe a resonant state. The significance
of each of these resonances is more than 9 standard deviations. One has a mass
of MeV and a width of MeV, while the second
is narrower, with a mass of MeV and a width of MeV. The preferred assignments are of opposite parity, with one
state having spin 3/2 and the other 5/2.Comment: 48 pages, 18 figures including the supplementary material, v2 after
referee's comments, now 19 figure
Compatibility of prolonged infusion antibiotics during Y-site administration
[Background] Antimicrobial resistance is a threat to global public health. The use of prolonged infusions in the hospital setting for certain antimicrobials is widely increasing in order to improve their efficacy and safety, including resistance development. Due to limited vascular access, it is important to clarify whether they can be infused through the same line with other drugs during Y-site administration.[Aim] The aim of this review is to update and summarize the evidence on Y-site compatibility of antibacterial agents administered as prolonged infusions in intensive care units (ICUs).
Study Design
A literature review of PubMed, EMBASE and Trissel's Handbook on Injectable Drugs databases was conducted on the compatibility of selected antimicrobials administered simultaneously at a Y-site connection with parenteral nutrition and other widely used drugs in ICUs. All articles published up to October 30, 2021, in English or Spanish were included, regardless of the type of publication (original articles, case reports, letters, etc.). Eligible antimicrobials were those that can be administered as prolonged infusions: ceftazidime, cefepime, piperacillin/tazobactam, meropenem, ceftolozane/tazobactam, ceftaroline, cloxacillin, ceftobiprole, vancomycin and fosfomycin.[Results] A total of 1302 drug-to-drug potential combinations were explored, 196 (15.05%) were found to be incompatible, and in 541 (41.55%), data were not available. The results were presented in a simple 2-dimensional consultation chart as a quick reference for health care professionals.[Conclusions] This review provides useful and reliable information on the compatibility of antimicrobials administered as Y-site infusion with other drugs commonly used in the critical setting. This review contributes to patient safety in nursing practice.
Relevance to Clinical Practice
To our knowledge, this is the first review on Y-site compatibility of antimicrobials used as prolonged infusions with other commonly used drugs, including anti-emetics, analgesics and anti-epileptic and parenteral nutrition. The results of the current review need to be addressed to promote the knowledge sharing between health professionals and improve the quality and safety of patients. We believe that this review may serve as a simple and effective 2-dimensional updated drug-to-drug compatibility reference chart for critical care nurses.Peer reviewe
Study of the production of and hadrons in collisions and first measurement of the branching fraction
The product of the () differential production
cross-section and the branching fraction of the decay () is
measured as a function of the beauty hadron transverse momentum, ,
and rapidity, . The kinematic region of the measurements is and . The measurements use a data sample
corresponding to an integrated luminosity of collected by the
LHCb detector in collisions at centre-of-mass energies in 2011 and in 2012. Based on previous LHCb
results of the fragmentation fraction ratio, , the
branching fraction of the decay is
measured to be \begin{equation*} \mathcal{B}(\Lambda_b^0\rightarrow J/\psi
pK^-)= (3.17\pm0.04\pm0.07\pm0.34^{+0.45}_{-0.28})\times10^{-4},
\end{equation*} where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is
systematic, the third is due to the uncertainty on the branching fraction of
the decay , and the
fourth is due to the knowledge of . The sum of the
asymmetries in the production and decay between and
is also measured as a function of and .
The previously published branching fraction of , relative to that of , is updated.
The branching fractions of are determined.Comment: 29 pages, 19figures. All figures and tables, along with any
supplementary material and additional information, are available at
https://lhcbproject.web.cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/LHCbProjectPublic/LHCb-PAPER-2015-032.htm
First observation of the decay and a measurement of the ratio of branching fractions
The first observation of the decay using
data collected by the LHCb detector at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV,
corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 pb, is reported. A
signal of events is obtained and the absence of signal is
rejected with a statistical significance of more than nine standard deviations.
The branching fraction is measured relative to
that of : , where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and
the third is due to the uncertainty on the ratio of the and
hadronisation fractions.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Lett. B; ISSN 0370-269
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