Photoinduced processes, radiation interaction with material and damages - material hardness

Photo and nuclear radiation induced processes are considered through the interaction of radiation with semiconducting, metallic and other materials, including the scintillator materials. The improvement of component efficiency by the use of quantum generators, trimming and hybrid processes with nuclear radiation has been analyzed. The studied processes can be positive or negative depending on application. Besides the experimental approach to the processes and chosen interactions, the analytical description of our experiments, as well as ones from other references, has been performed. The contemporary couplings between the nuclear physics, laser techniques and respective dosimetric aspects have been considered

Photoinduced processes, radiation interaction with material and damages - material hardness

Photo and nuclear radiation induced processes are considered through the interaction of radiation with semiconducting, metallic and other materials, including the scintillator materials. The improvement of component efficiency by the use of quantum generators, trimming and hybrid processes with nuclear radiation has been analyzed. The studied processes can be positive or negative depending on application. Besides the experimental approach to the processes and chosen interactions, the analytical description of our experiments, as well as ones from other references, has been performed. The contemporary couplings between the nuclear physics, laser techniques and respective dosimetric aspects have been considered

Analitical and numerical approaches to optical systems for coherent and incoherent radiations

Konstrukcija optičkih sistema ima svoju dugu tradiciju, koja je zavisno od izbora nekoherentnog ili koherentnog izvora morala da pretrpi modifikacije u teoretskom i praktičnom smislu. Postoji nekoliko pravaca razvoja optičkih komponenata i sistema, kojima se bavi ovaj rad sa izborom karakterističnih elemenata, analitike, matrične optike (polarizacionih, Müllerovih, Jonesovih i dr. matrica), diferencijalnih jednačina određenog reda, sa specijalnim funkcijama, itd. Teorijska optika ima svoje numeričke prilaze i algoritme. Pored aberacija tipa Seidela i hromatskih, pojavljuju se i aberacije novog tipa vezane za kvantne generatore, pored nelinearnih efekata. U traženju optimalnih alata su odabrani programi Zemax i Matlab i njihovi prilazi komponentama za oblikovanje, transformaciju i propagaciju koherentnog snopa. Među njima su komponente za širenje i razdvajanje snopova (beam expander, splitter). Na ovaj način se mogu analizirati i druge komponente i sistemi uz vrednovanje slučaja sa aberacijama (i bez), promene materijala i odabranih tipova lasera.Design of optical systems has a long tradition, which is dependent on the choice of incoherent or coherent sources; therefore, it had to undergo modifications in the theoretical and practical terms. There are several directions in the development of optical components and systems, which are engaged in this paper with a selection of characteristic features, analysis, matrix optics (polarization, Müller, Jones' et al. matrices), differential equations of a certain order, with special functions, etc. Theoretical optics has a numerical approach and algorithms. In addition to Seidel and chromatic aberrations, there are also new types of aberrations associated with quantum generators, in addition to nonlinear effects. In searching for optimal tools ZEMAX and MATLAB programs are selected and their approaches to components design, transformation and propagation of a coherent beam. Among them are the components to expand and splitt (separate) the beams (beam expander, splitter). Based on this approaches, various (and different) components and systems can be analysed and evaluated the cases with aberrations (and without), replacement of material and selected types of lasers

Simulation methods approach to designing lasers of interest in ecology

Prema tipu primene lasera počinje se zadatak sa odabirom pogodnog kvantnog generatora, a zatim sledi koncepcija dizajna izabrane metode. Prema kompleksnosti sistema simuacije u procesu dizajniranja i procene uspešnosti, zamišljene koncepcije imaju veliku ulogu, pošto su cene razvoja sistema često u širokim granicama. U radu se razmatraju izabrani zahtevi i algoritmi, koji ih prate, kao delovi programskih paketa ili pojedinačno razvijenih sopstvenih rešenja. Izabrane su problematike iz dizajna sistema primene lasera kod interferometara, neki lidarski – ekološki problemi, i problematika kontrole požara, koja se ostvaruje primenom lidarskih sistema.The task of the laser application start with selection of adequate quantum generator, and the second step is the design of a chosen method. The wide cost range of the system development and simulation complexity in the designing process, result in the overall evaluation of conception efficiency. The chosen demandes and according algorithms as well as software packages, or own software solutions are presented in this paper. Design problems of laser systems in interferometers, some lidar-ecology applications, and the fire detection and monitoring accomplished by lidar systems, are analysed, too

National identity predicts public health support during a global pandemic

Changing collective behaviour and supporting non-pharmaceutical interventions is an important component in mitigating virus transmission during a pandemic. In a large international collaboration (Study 1, N = 49,968 across 67 countries), we investigated self-reported factors associated with public health behaviours (e.g., spatial distancing and stricter hygiene) and endorsed public policy interventions (e.g., closing bars and restaurants) during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic (April-May 2020). Respondents who reported identifying more strongly with their nation consistently reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies. Results were similar for representative and non-representative national samples. Study 2 (N = 42 countries) conceptually replicated the central finding using aggregate indices of national identity (obtained using the World Values Survey) and a measure of actual behaviour change during the pandemic (obtained from Google mobility reports). Higher levels of national identification prior to the pandemic predicted lower mobility during the early stage of the pandemic (r = −0.40). We discuss the potential implications of links between national identity, leadership, and public health for managing COVID-19 and future pandemics.publishedVersio

Predicting attitudinal and behavioral responses to COVID-19 pandemic using machine learning

At the beginning of 2020, COVID-19 became a global problem. Despite all the efforts to emphasize the relevance of preventive measures, not everyone adhered to them. Thus, learning more about the characteristics determining attitudinal and behavioral responses to the pandemic is crucial to improving future interventions. In this study, we applied machine learning on the multinational data collected by the International Collaboration on the Social and Moral Psychology of COVID-19 (N = 51,404) to test the predictive efficacy of constructs from social, moral, cognitive, and personality psychology, as well as socio-demographic factors, in the attitudinal and behavioral responses to the pandemic. The results point to several valuable insights. Internalized moral identity provided the most consistent predictive contribution—individuals perceiving moral traits as central to their self-concept reported higher adherence to preventive measures. Similar results were found for morality as cooperation, symbolized moral identity, self-control, open-mindedness, and collective narcissism, while the inverse relationship was evident for the endorsement of conspiracy theories. However, we also found a non-neglible variability in the explained variance and predictive contributions with respect to macro-level factors such as the pandemic stage or cultural region. Overall, the results underscore the importance of morality-related and contextual factors in understanding adherence to public health recommendations during the pandemic.Peer reviewe

National identity predicts public health support during a global pandemic.

Changing collective behaviour and supporting non-pharmaceutical interventions is an important component in mitigating virus transmission during a pandemic. In a large international collaboration (Study 1, N = 49,968 across 67 countries), we investigated self-reported factors associated with public health behaviours (e.g., spatial distancing and stricter hygiene) and endorsed public policy interventions (e.g., closing bars and restaurants) during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic (April-May 2020). Respondents who reported identifying more strongly with their nation consistently reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies. Results were similar for representative and non-representative national samples. Study 2 (N = 42 countries) conceptually replicated the central finding using aggregate indices of national identity (obtained using the World Values Survey) and a measure of actual behaviour change during the pandemic (obtained from Google mobility reports). Higher levels of national identification prior to the pandemic predicted lower mobility during the early stage of the pandemic (r = -0.40). We discuss the potential implications of links between national identity, leadership, and public health for managing COVID-19 and future pandemics

National identity predicts public health support during a global pandemic (vol 13, 517, 2022) : National identity predicts public health support during a global pandemic (Nature Communications, (2022), 13, 1, (517), 10.1038/s41467-021-27668-9)

Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2022.In this article the author name ‘Agustin Ibanez’ was incorrectly written as ‘Augustin Ibanez’. The original article has been corrected.Peer reviewe