Хімічна метрологія, стандартизація та сертифікація: методичні рекомендації до лабораторних робіт

Методичні рекомендації містять пояснювальну записку, навчальну програму курсу, лабораторні роботи, задачі, довідкові дані, список цитованої літератури. Рекомендовано студентам хімічного факультету.Методичні рекомендації до лабораторних робіт для студентів хімічного факультету за напрямом підготовки 6.0501301 “хімічна технологія

Хімія поверхнево-активних речовин в харчовій та косметичній промисловості: методичні рекомендації до лабораторних робіт для студентів хімічного факультету

Методичні рекомендації містять пояснювальну записку, навчальну програму курсу, лабораторні роботи, контрольні запитання, список використаної та рекомендованої літератури. Рекомендовано студентам хімічного факультету за напрямом підготовки 6.051301 “хімічна технологія”. Призначення методичних вказівок полягає в тому, щоб не лише дати уявлення студентам про будову, класифікацію, властивості поверхнево-активних речовин (ПАР), використання ПАР в різних галузях промисловості, але й ознайомити з експериментальними методами їх дослідження

Токсикологічна хімія харчових добавок та косметичних засобів

Методичні рекомендації містять пояснювальну записку, навчальну програму курсу, лабораторні роботи, питання для підготовки до модульного контролю, список використаної та рекомендованої літератури. Рекомендовано студентам хімічного факультету за напрямом підготовки “хімічна технологія

Local Budget Asset Provision in Lviv Region Amid Financial Decentralization

Proper asset provision within local budgets during the implementation of social and economic regulation is the basis for creating and developing an effective national and regional economy, and is a good means of counteracting the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The article is aimed at analyzing the results of the decentralization policy in Ukraine on the example of the Lviv region and of the impact made by the COVID-19 pandemic on the Lviv region budget; determining the state, problems and development prospects of the budget. The article examines the organizational and economic aspects of local budgets; considers the nature and effectiveness of the decentralization reform; analyzes the state of local budgets in the Lviv region; identifies several problems and suggests some ways to overcome them; and provides recommendations to improve local budgets and local communities. The budget asset provision in the Lviv region amid financial decentralization is characterized by decrease in both revenues and expenditures of the regional consolidated budget in 2020 by 25% and 45.3% respectively; reduction of new businesses growth by 2.4%; increase in unemployment by 1.1% due to some problems of Lviv enterprises and the subsequent dismissal of their employees; Ukrainians’ outflow abroad in search of jobs. The study has identified such problems as: the COVID-19 pandemic, which was the main reason for the deterioration of the economic condition of the Lviv region budget and other local budgets in Ukraine, as well as for the reduction of revenues and expenditures within the consolidated budget of the Lviv region; deterioration of the population’s living standard; reduction of the new businesses growth rate; increase in unemployment due to the problems of Lviv enterprises and dismissal of their employees; Ukrainians’ outflow abroad in search of jobs; conflicts caused by community consolidations; inexpedient changes of statutory and regulatory character; low initiative of local self-government bodies in some communities; and others. The solution will be: cooperation of all the authorities and business to improve employment; introduction of new business assistance programs to improve the companies’ financial condition; development of programs to attract foreign investment to communities; legislation improvement; introduction of innovative activities in solving problems, etc

Основи матеріалознавства:

Методичні рекомендації містять пояснювальну записку, навчальну програму курсу, лабораторні роботи, контрольні запитання для перевірки знань. Рекомендовано студентам хімічного факультету спеціальностей 161 «Хімічні технології та інженерія» та 102 “Хімія”

Centrality evolution of the charged-particle pseudorapidity density over a broad pseudorapidity range in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76TeV

Peer reviewe

Construction of an Algorithm for the Selection of Rigid Stops in Steel­concrete Beams Under the Action of A Distributed Load

An algorithm has been developed to select rigid stops in steel-concrete beams under the action of distributed load. Concrete is connected rigidly to a steel sheet in order to perform the joint operation of the concrete and steel sheet. Such a connection in the beam is provided by rigid stops that prevent shifting efforts in the concrete and steel contact area. The efforts are determined through the turning angles between the two adjacent sections of the beam. A graph-analytical method for determining movements is used to determine the turning angles. In determining the deformations of a steel-concrete beam, the calculation is based on the reduced rigidities of cross-sections.The purpose of this study is to optimize the structure of a steel-concrete beam by selecting the rational number and arrangement of rigid stops. This optimization would allow a more rational utilization of the structure's material ‒ concrete and steel. That would reduce the cost of operations and the quantity of materials required in the production, installation, and operation of the considered structures.An earlier proposed algorithm for the selection of rigid stops in steel-concrete beams under the action of a concentrated force has been expanded for the case of an evenly distributed load. When selecting the number of rigid stops, it is assumed that the magnitude of the distributed load acting on a beam, the mechanical characteristics of materials (steel and concrete), as well as the span of the beam and the size of its cross-section, are kNown. In contrast to the beams with a concentrated force in the middle, where the forces abide by a linear law, in the beams with an evenly distributed load the efforts in a steel strip change in line with a square parabola. Therefore, while the same step has been obtained for stops, it is not possible to achieve a situation at which efforts in all stops have the same valu

The Phisycal Properties of the γ-Phase Single Crystals of the Reciprocal System CuInSe2 + 2CdTe ÛCuInTe2 + 2CdSe

Досліджено фізичні властивості монокристалів g-фази, вирощених модифікованим методом Бріджмена по перерізу CuInSe2–2CdTe системи CuInSe2 + 2CdTe Û CuInTe2 + 2CdSe. Визначено ширину забороненої зони цих кристалів за спектрами поглинання. Електричні властивості кристалів досліджували вимірюваннями ефекту Холла і температурної залежності провідності кристалів. The physical properties of the single crystals of the g-phase grown by modified Bridgman method of the CuInSe2 + 2CdTe ÛCuInTe2 + 2CdSe system have been investigated. The band gap of these crystals from the absorption spectra was defined. The electrical properties of the crystals were determined by measuring the Hall effect and temperature dependence of the crystal conductivity

Improving the Algorithm of Choosing Spacing and Number of Stiff Supports Against A Concentrated Force in Steel-concrete Beams

A steel-concrete beam was taken as the study object. The algorithm of selecting the number of stiff supports for the steel-concrete beam loaded with a concentrated lateral force in the middle of the span has been refined. Stiff supports served to join the steel strip with concrete to ensure their joint performance. The algorithm was refined based on the condition of equality of the longitudinal force in the steel strip from the action of the calculated load and the maximum longitudinal force obtained after setting the supports. In this case, the longitudinal forces in all stiff supports, as well as the spacing of the stiff supports should be the same. A disadvantage of the known algorithm consists in the complexity of determining the coefficient φb2 taking into account the effect of long-term concrete creep on the element deformation without cracks. This coefficient fluctuates widely and depends on many factors. Besides, it is also insufficiently studied. Calculations for determining the number and spacing of stiff supports in a steel-concrete beam were conducted according to the proposed algorithm and in the Lira software package. The forces acting on the supports and spacing of the supports were the same. The force acting in the support was 8941.5 N. When selecting characteristics of the steel-concrete beam, maximum longitudinal force in the steel strip was obtained. The longitudinal force amounted to 35726 N. The same longitudinal force was obtained from the diagram of longitudinal forces obtained after setting the supports. This study was aimed at improving the design of steel-concrete beams. A rational number and placement of stiff supports ensure savings: the required amount of building materials is reduced and their cost is reduced due to cutting labor costs for their manufacture and operatio

Coherent ψ(2S) photo-production in ultra-peripheral PbPb collisions at √sNN=2.76 TeV

We have performed the first measurement of the coherent ψ(2S) photo-production cross section in ultra-peripheral PbPb collisions at the LHC. This charmonium excited state is reconstructed via the ψ(2S)→l+l− and ψ(2S)→J/ψπ+π− decays, where the J/ψ decays into two leptons. The analysis is based on an event sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 22 μb−1. The cross section for coherent ψ(2S) production in the rapidity interval −0.9<y<0.9 is dσψ(2S)coh/dy=0.83±0.19(stat+syst) mb. The ψ(2S) to J/ψ coherent cross section ratio is 0.34−0.07+0.08(stat+syst). The obtained results are compared to predictions from theoretical models