Wolfenstein Parametrization at Higher Order: Seeming Discrepancies and Their Resolution

In different Wolfenstein parametrizations derived from different exact parametrizations of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix, we explicitly study seeming discrepancies between the matrix elements at the higher order of the expansion parameter $\lambda$. A systematic way of resolving the seeming discrepancies is proposed. We find that most of the discrepancies can be naturally resolved by a proper redefinition of the numerically small (of order $\lambda$) parameters. Our approach is further applied to the cases for the Wolfenstein-{\it like} parametrizations, such as the Qin-Ma parametrization.Comment: 5 pages, two paragraphs added to explain the motivation for considering various Wolfenstein-like parametrizations; version to appear in PL

Axion and neutrino physics in a U (1) -enhanced supersymmetric model

Motivated by the flavored Peccei-Quinn symmetry for unifying the flavor physics and string theory, we construct an explicit model by introducing a U(1) symmetry such that the U(1)X-[gravity]2 anomaly-free condition together with the standard model flavor structure demands additional sterile neutrinos as well as no axionic domain-wall problem. Such additional sterile neutrinos play the role of realizing baryogenesis via a new Affleck-Dine leptogenesis. We provide grounds for interpreting the U(1)X symmetry as a fundamental symmetry of nature. The model will resolve rather recent but fast-growing issues in astroparticle physics, including leptonic mixings and CP violation in neutrino oscillation, high-energy neutrinos, QCD axions, and axion cooling of stars. The QCD axion decay constant, through its connection to the astrophysical constraints of stellar evolution and the SM fermion masses, is shown to be fixed at FA=1.30-0.54+0.66×109 GeV (consequently, its mass is ma=4.34-1.49+3.37 meV and the axion-photon coupling is |gaγγ|=1.30-0.45+1.01×10-12 GeV-1). Interestingly enough, we show that neutrino oscillations at low energies could be connected to astronomical-scale baseline neutrino oscillations. The model predicts the nonobservational neutrinoless double beta (0νββ) decay rate as well as a remarkable pattern between the leptonic Dirac CP phase (δCP) and the atmospheric mixing angle (θ23) e.g., δCP≃220°-240°, 120°-140° for θ23=42.3° for normal mass ordering, and δCP≃283°, 250°, 100°, 70° for θ23=49.5° for the inverted one. We stress that future measurements on the θ23, 0νββ decay rate, the sum of active neutrino masses, the track-to-shower ratio of a cosmic neutrino, astrophysical constraints on axions, QCD axion mass, and the axion-photon coupling are of importance to test the model in the near future. © 2017 American Physical Society2111Nsciescopu

Remarks on the Qin-Ma Parametrization of Quark Mixing Matrix

Recently, Qin and Ma (QM) have advocated a new Wolfenstein-like parametrization of the quark mixing matrix based on the triminimal expansion of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) parametrization. The CP-odd phase in the QM parametrization is around $90^\circ$ just as that in the CKM parametrization. We point out that the QM parametrization can be readily obtained from the Wolfenstein parametrization after appropriate phase redefinition for quark fields and that the phase $\delta$ in both QM and CKM parametrizations is related to the unitarity angles $\alpha$, $\beta$ and $\gamma$, namely, $\delta= \beta+\gamma$ or $\pi-\alpha$. We show that both QM and Wolfenstein parametrizations can be deduced from the CKM and Chau-Keung-Maiani ones. By deriving the QM parametrization from the Fritzsch-Xing (FX) parametrization of the quark mixing matrix, we find that the phase of the FX form is in the vicinity of $-270^\circ$ and hence $\sin\delta\approx 1$. We discuss the seeming discrepancy between the Wolfenstein and QM parametrizations at the high order of $\lambda\approx |V_{us}|$.Comment: 8 pages, a shortened version accepted by PL

Spin Fidelity for Three-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger and W States Under Lorentz Transformations

Constructing the reduced density matrix for a system of three massive spin$-\frac{1}{2}$ particles described by a wave packet with Gaussian momentum distribution and a spin part in the form of GHZ or W state, the fidelity for the spin part of the system is investigated from the viewpoint of moving observers in the jargon of special relativity. Using a numerical approach, it turns out that by increasing the boost speed, the spin fidelity decreases and reaches to a non-zero asymptotic value that depends on the momentum distribution and the amount of momentum entanglement.Comment: 12pages, 2 figure

Global surveillance of cancer survival 1995-2009: analysis of individual data for 25,676,887 patients from 279 population-based registries in 67 countries (CONCORD-2)

BACKGROUND: Worldwide data for cancer survival are scarce. We aimed to initiate worldwide surveillance of cancer survival by central analysis of population-based registry data, as a metric of the effectiveness of health systems, and to inform global policy on cancer control. METHODS: Individual tumour records were submitted by 279 population-based cancer registries in 67 countries for 25·7 million adults (age 15-99 years) and 75,000 children (age 0-14 years) diagnosed with cancer during 1995-2009 and followed up to Dec 31, 2009, or later. We looked at cancers of the stomach, colon, rectum, liver, lung, breast (women), cervix, ovary, and prostate in adults, and adult and childhood leukaemia. Standardised quality control procedures were applied; errors were corrected by the registry concerned. We estimated 5-year net survival, adjusted for background mortality in every country or region by age (single year), sex, and calendar year, and by race or ethnic origin in some countries. Estimates were age-standardised with the International Cancer Survival Standard weights. FINDINGS: 5-year survival from colon, rectal, and breast cancers has increased steadily in most developed countries. For patients diagnosed during 2005-09, survival for colon and rectal cancer reached 60% or more in 22 countries around the world; for breast cancer, 5-year survival rose to 85% or higher in 17 countries worldwide. Liver and lung cancer remain lethal in all nations: for both cancers, 5-year survival is below 20% everywhere in Europe, in the range 15-19% in North America, and as low as 7-9% in Mongolia and Thailand. Striking rises in 5-year survival from prostate cancer have occurred in many countries: survival rose by 10-20% between 1995-99 and 2005-09 in 22 countries in South America, Asia, and Europe, but survival still varies widely around the world, from less than 60% in Bulgaria and Thailand to 95% or more in Brazil, Puerto Rico, and the USA. For cervical cancer, national estimates of 5-year survival range from less than 50% to more than 70%; regional variations are much wider, and improvements between 1995-99 and 2005-09 have generally been slight. For women diagnosed with ovarian cancer in 2005-09, 5-year survival was 40% or higher only in Ecuador, the USA, and 17 countries in Asia and Europe. 5-year survival for stomach cancer in 2005-09 was high (54-58%) in Japan and South Korea, compared with less than 40% in other countries. By contrast, 5-year survival from adult leukaemia in Japan and South Korea (18-23%) is lower than in most other countries. 5-year survival from childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is less than 60% in several countries, but as high as 90% in Canada and four European countries, which suggests major deficiencies in the management of a largely curable disease. INTERPRETATION: International comparison of survival trends reveals very wide differences that are likely to be attributable to differences in access to early diagnosis and optimum treatment. Continuous worldwide surveillance of cancer survival should become an indispensable source of information for cancer patients and researchers and a stimulus for politicians to improve health policy and health-care systems

Search for heavy lepton partners of neutrinos in proton-proton collisions in the context of the type III seesaw mechanism

This is the Pre-print version of the Article. The official publishe version can be accessed from the link below - Copyright @ 2012 ElsevierA search is presented in proton–proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7TeV for fermionic triplet states expected in type III seesaw models. The search is performed using final states with three isolated charged leptons and an imbalance in transverse momentum. The data, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.9 fb−1. No excess of events is observed above the background predicted by the standard model, and the results are interpreted in terms of limits on production cross sections and masses of the heavy partners of the neutrinos in type III seesaw models. Depending on the considered scenarios, lower limits are obtained on the mass of the heavy partner of the neutrino that range from 180 to 210 GeV. These are the first limits on the production of type III seesaw fermionic triplet states reported by an experiment at the LHC.This study is spported by the BMWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MEYS (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER, SF0690030s09 and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); SEIDI and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); ThEP, IPST and NECTEC (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans l’Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of Czech Republic; the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the Compagnia di San Paolo (Torino); and the HOMING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund

A model for pseudo-Dirac neutrinos: leptogenesis and ultra-high energy neutrinos

We propose a model where sterile neutrinos are introduced to make light neutrinos to be pseudo-Dirac particles. It is shown how tiny mass splitting necessary for realizing pseudo-Dirac neutrinos can be achieved. Within the model, we show how leptogenesis can be successfully generated. Motivated by the recent observation of very high energy neutrino events at IceCube, we study a possibility to observe the effects of the pseudo-Dirac property of neutrinos by performing astronomical-scale baseline experiments to uncover the oscillation effects of very tiny mass splitting. We also discuss future prospect to observe the effects of the pseudo-Dirac property of neutrinos at high energy neutrino experiments. © 2016, The Author(s)3

Off-Odor Volatiles and Pink Color Development in Precooked, Irradiated Turkey Breast During Frozen Storage

The effect of irradiation on color, lipid oxidation, and volatile production of precooked, irradiated turkey breast during frozen storage was studied. Turkey breast muscles were precooked, aerobically or vacuum-packaged, irradiated at 0, 2.5, or 5.0 kGy using a linear accelerator (electron beam), and then frozen-stored at −40 C. Lipid oxidation, volatiles, color values, gas production, and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of meat were determined during 3-mo storage periods. Ionizing radiation produced characteristic off-odor volatiles (dimethyldisulfide and methylthioethane) and lipid oxidation products in precooked, frozen turkey breast. The production of volatiles was accelerated by the confounding effect of high irradiation dose, aerobic packaging, and increased storage time. Volatile production and color changes in irradiated, precooked turkey breast were induced by different mechanisms. Irradiation increased pink color in precooked, vacuum-packaged turkey breast, and the pink color was stable during frozen storage. Decreased ORP and increased CO in irradiated meat indicated that denatured CO-heme pigments could be responsible for the pink color in precooked, irradiated turkey breast. Vacuum packaging was better than aerobic packaging in preventing lipid oxidation and oxidation-dependent volatile production, but pink color in precooked, irradiated turkey breast during frozen storage was maintained.This article is published as Nam, K. C., Y. H. Kim, M. Du, and D. U. Ahn. "Off-odor volatiles and pink color development in precooked, irradiated turkey breast during frozen storage." Poultry science 81, no. 2 (2002): 269-275. doi:10.1093/ps/81.2.269.</p