Air temperature variations and gradients along the coast and fjords of western Spitsbergen

Daily temperature measurements from six meteorological stations along the coast and fjords of western Spitsbergen have been digitized and quality controlled in a Norwegian, Russian and Polish collaboration. Complete daily data series have been reconstructed back to 1948 for all of the stations. One of the station’s monthly temperature series has previously been extended back to 1898 and is included in this study. The long-term series show large temperature variability on western Spitsbergen with colder periods in the 1910s and 1960s and warmer periods in the 1930s, 1950s and in the 21st century. The most recent years are the warmest ones in the instrumental records. There is a positive and statistically significant trend in the annual times series for all of the stations; however, the strongest warming is seen in winter and spring. For the period 1979-2015, the linear trends range from 1.0 to 1.38°C/decade for the annual series and from 2.0 to 2.38°C/decade in winter. Threshold statistics demonstrate a decrease in the number of cold days per year and an increase in the number of warm days. A decreasing inter-annual variability is observed. In winter, spring and autumn, the stations in the northernmost areas of west Spitsbergen and in the innermost parts of Isfjorden are the coldest ones. In summer, however, the southernmost station is the coldest one

Search for resonances in the mass distribution of jet pairs with one or two jets identified as b-jets in proton–proton collisions at √s=13TeV with the ATLAS detector

Searches for high-mass resonances in the dijet invariant mass spectrum with one or two jets identi-fied as b-jets are performed using an integrated luminosity of 3.2fb−1of proton–proton collisions with a centre-of-mass energy of √s=13TeVrecorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Noevidence of anomalous phenomena is observed in the data, which are used to exclude, at 95%credibility level, excited b∗quarks with masses from 1.1TeVto 2.1TeVand leptophobic Z bosons with masses from 1.1TeVto 1.5TeV. Contributions of a Gaussian signal shape with effective cross sections ranging from approximately 0.4 to 0.001pb are also excluded in the mass range 1.5–5.0TeV

Stochastic grammatical inference with Multinomial Tests

We present a new statistical framework for stochastic grammatical inference algorithms based on a state merging strategy. We propose to use multinomial statistical tests to decide which states should be merged. This approach has three main advantages. First, since it is not based on asymptotic results, small sample case can be specifically dealt with. Second, all the probabilities associated to a state are included in a single test so that statistical evidence is cumulated. Third, a statistical score is associated to each possible merging operation and can be used for best-first strategy. Improvement over classical stochastic grammatical inference algorithm is shown on artificial data

Desempenho e digestibilidade aparente em ovinos confinados alimentados com dietas contendo níveis crescentes de caroço de algodão integral Performance and apparent digestibility of feedlot sheep fed with different dietary whole cotton seed levels

Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos de dietas com diferentes níveis (0,0; 20,0; 30,0 e 40,0%) de caroço de algodão integral (Gossypium hirsutum L.) na matéria seca da dieta sobre o desempenho, consumo e a digestibilidade dos nutrientes de ovinos Santa Inês. Vinte e quatro cordeiros inteiros com peso corporal médio inicial de 19,5 kg foram submetidos a um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro dietas e seis repetições. Os consumos de matéria seca, expressos em kg/dia, %PV e g/kg0,75, não foram influenciados pela inclusão do caroço de algodão integral (CAI), com médias de 1,195; 4,61 e 104,07, respectivamente. Os ganhos de peso total e diário decresceram, enquanto a conversão teve efeito linear crescente, mas entre os níveis de CAI o de 20% apresentou desempenho semelhante à dieta controle. Os consumos de matéria orgânica (MO), proteína bruta (PB), carboidratos totais (CHT) e nutrientes digestíveis totais, expressos em g/dia, não foram afetados, enquanto os de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), fibra detergente ácido (FDA) e extrato etéreo (EE) tiveram efeito linear crescente com a adição do CAI. A inclusão do caroço de algodão na alimentação proporcionou efeito quadrático para os coeficientes de digestibilidade de PB e FDA e linear crescente para FDN e EE, porém não afetou os de MS, MO e CHT e o consumo de NDT. O CAI nos níveis utilizados não alterou o consumo e a digestibilidade de MS, FDN e NDT, mas reduziu o ganho de peso e a eficiência alimentar de ovinos em terminação.<br>This work was carried out with the objective to evaluate the effects of different levels (0.0 20.0, 30.0 and 40.0%) of whole cottonseed (Gossypium hirsutum L.) of the diet (% DM) on performance and nutrient digestibilities of feedlot Santa Inez sheep. Twenty-four sheep with average initial and final body weight of 19.0 and 32.2 kg, respectively, and allotted to a completely randomized design, with four diets and six replications. The dry matter intake in kg/day, %BW and g/kg0.75 was not influenced by the inclusion of the whole cottonseed (WCS), with averages of 1.195, 4.61, and 104.07, respectively. The total and daily weight gains decreased, while the feed conversion ration showed increasing linear effect with the inclusion of WCS, except for the level of 20% WCS that showed similar performance to the control diet. The intakes of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), total carbohydrates (TC) and total digestible nutrients (TDN), in g/day were not affected, while the neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), ether extract (EE) presented increasing linear effect with the inclusion of WCS. The inclusion of whole cottonseed in the feeding provided quadratic effect for digestible coefficients of CP, ADF and increasing linear effect for NDF and EE, however did not affect DM, OM, TC and TDN intake of the diets. The whole cottonseed in the used levels does not alter the intake and the digestibility of the DM, NDF and TND, but reduced the weight gain and feed conversion ratio of feedlot of the Santa Inez lambs, and could be included in termination diets