Efectos beneficiosos del consumo de arándanos para la prevención de trastornos metabólicos adquiridos.: Beneficial effects of the consumption of blueberries for the prevention of acquired metabolic diseases.

In Peru and in the contemporary world, there are frequently acquired metabolic disorders such as type hypertension, obesity and diabetes mellitus type 2. Different studies point to new therapeutic routes that involve the acquisition of healthy lifestyles and an approach to their type of diet. In this way, there have been numerous studies that defend the existence of a relationship between the consumption of blueberries and health in recent years. In this perspective, the research aims to determine the beneficial effects of blueberry consumption for the prevention of acquired metabolic disorders. For this, the available scientific evidence was reviewed, after which it was found that blueberries are made up of various bioactives such as vitamins, phenolic acids, stilbenes and dietary flavonoids such as proanthocyanidins and anthocyanins that give them antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic properties; by the fact that they counteract oxidative stress, by neutralizing free radicals through oxidation-reduction reactions, they prevent the release of proinflammatory cytokines and intervene in the processes of regulation of glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity and lipid profile.En el Perú y en el mundo contemporáneo, existen trastornos metabólicos adquiridos frecuentes como la hipertensión, obesidad y diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Diferentes estudios señalan nuevas rutas terapéuticas que involucran la adquisición de estilos de vida saludable y un abordaje en el tipo de alimentación. De esta manera, en los últimos años se han elaborado numerosos estudios que defienden la existencia de una relación entre los arándanos y la salud. En esa perspectiva, la investigación tiene como objetivo determinar los efectos beneficiosos del consumo de arándanos para la prevención de trastornos metabólicos adquiridos. Para ello, se revisó la evidencia científica disponible, tras lo cual se encontró que los arándanos se componen de diversos bioactivos como vitaminas, ácidos fenólicos, estilbenos y flavonoides dietéticos como las proantocianidinas y antocianinas que le otorgan  propiedades antioxidantes, antiinflamatorias e hipoglucemiantes; en virtud de que contrarrestan el estrés oxidativo, al neutralizar los radicales libres mediante reacciones de óxido-reducción, evitan la liberación de citocinas proinflamatorias e intervienen en los procesos de regulación del metabolismo de la glucosa, la sensibilidad insulínica y el perfil lipídico

Dieta oral de pacientes pos cesareadas en el hospital Belén de Trujillo-Perú

Objetivo: El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar las características de la dieta oral temprana, las frecuencias por edad de cesáreas y datos antropométricos de las pacientes pos cesareadas  en el hospital Belén de Trujillo-Perú. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional de tipo descriptivo transversal realizado en 77 pacientes pos cesareadas  donde se recolectó datos antropométricos y las características de la dieta oral y se registró los alimentos ingeridos, precisando el tipo y cantidad, por día, utilizando la tabla peruana de equivalente calórico. Se determinó frecuencias y porcentajes. Resultados: 66 pacientes (85,71%) recibieron una dieta temprana (dentro de 6 a 8 horas) y entre los tipos de dieta que se les administraba a las pacientes pos cesareadas  la más frecuente es la dieta líquida: 42 (54,55%). Conclusiones: Se evidenció que la dieta de pacientes pos cesareadas , fue en mayor parte hiperproteica, ésta a su vez liquida y la ingesta temprana oral fue la más sobresaliente para una recuperación precoz post cesárea. Palabras clave: Dietoterapia, Mujeres Embarazadas, Cesárea. (DeCS) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/rmt.2021.v16i02.0

Desarrollo tecnológico en ingeniería automotriz

El proceso de investigación y desarrollo tecnológico está directamente relacionado con una adecuada metodología de procesos industriales, que cada vez son más exigentes en competitividad, eficiencia energética y de normativas ambientales. Este libro contempla resultados de un proceso de investigación y desarrollo de nuevas técnicas aplicadas en el campo de la Ingeniería Automotriz desde cuatro aristas: eficiencia energética y contaminación ambiental, planificación del transporte, ingeniería del mantenimiento aplicada al transporte y desagregación tecnológica. Este libro conmemora 20 años de formación universitaria salesiana en el sector de transporte y recoge las experiencias y resultados obtenidos asociados con el desarrollo tecnológico en ingeniería automotriz. Para lograr este objetivo, se ha convocado a la comunidad científica, académica y profesionales de la industria automotriz a participar en la publicación. Cada capítulo fue sometido a revisión, evaluación y aprobación por un comité científico altamente calificado, proveniente de seis países: Colombia, Ecuador, España, Guinea Ecuatorial, México y Venezuela. Este trabajo ha sido posible gracias al gran apoyo de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (UPS sede Cuenca), Ecuador y Universidad de Los Andes (ULA)

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research

Diseño de un controlador automático para un breaker de estado sólido dc para baja tensión

Esta tesis ha sido orientada a la protección de sistemas eléctricos renovables. Para lograrlo se utilizan técnicas de control aplicado a sistemas de estructura variable. Esta estrategia de control, al igual que técnicas convencionales, requiere que una o diversas variables de estado del sistema se realimenten según la ley de control propuesta. Los resultados de los modelos propuestos y algoritmos desarrollados se desarrollan en la plataforma de Matlab.This thesis has been aimed at the protection of renewable power systems. To achieve control techniques applied to variable structure systems are used. This control strategy, as conventional techniques require one or several state variables of the system be fed back as the proposed control law. The results of the models proposed and developed algorithms are developed in Matlab platform

Proposal for modeling electric vehicle battery using experimental data and considering temperature effects

This paper presents details on the development of two mathematical models of lithium polymers batteries used in electric vehicles (EVs). These models describe the battery state of charge (SOC), and the output voltage of the batteries by using experimental data gathered during the driving of the EV on pre-established routes. The first model estimates the SOC based on temperature data, while the second model replaces the RC network of the traditional Thevenin model by a battery transfer function where the variables of temperature and current are used instead. To determine the performance of these models, simulations are conducted in the MATLAB/Simulink platform. Simulation results are compared with data measured from the EV by using the mean square error index (MSE) for each estimator. The second modeling approach shows a better performance than the battery empirical model obtained from Nernst model.This paper presents details on the development of two mathematical models of lithium polymers batteries used in electric vehicles (EVs). These models describe the battery state of charge (SOC), and the output voltage of the batteries by using experimental data gathered during the driving of the EV on pre-established routes. The first model estimates the SOC based on temperature data, while the second model replaces the RC network of the traditional Thevenin model by a battery transfer function where the variables of temperature and current are used instead. To determine the performance of these models, simulations are conducted in the MATLAB/Simulink platform. Simulation results are compared with data measured from the EV by using the mean square error index (MSE) for each estimator. The second modeling approach shows a better performance than the battery empirical model obtained from Nernst model.Milan