How do primary education trainee teachers perceive educational psychology?

Educational Psychology makes a significant contribution to the development of skills to research the effectivity of teacher practices in class. However, there is little agreement on what educational psychology concepts are most relevant for teacher training. This paper reports on trainee teachers' self-perceived mastery of, and attributed importance to, the syllabus content of the Learning & Development module taken as part of the BA Primary Education programme at a university in Barcelona (Spain). Data were collected through a questionnaire answered by all the participants (N = 561) and a focused interview conducted with a representative sample (n = 24). Results showed that students attributed greater importance to syllabus topics related to socio-emotional development and teaching roles in the classroom. Theoretical topics, such as conceptual frameworks for development and learning, were less rated. Students reported deficient mastery of the syllabus topics and significant gaps between attributed importanceand self-perceived mastery of contents were confirmed. Implications of our study results for teaching psychology to primary school pre-service teachers are discussed

Net carbon emissions from deforestation in Bolivia during 1990-2000 and 2000-2010: results from a carbon bookkeeping model

Accurate estimates of global carbon emissions are critical for understanding global warming. This paper estimates net carbon emissions from land use change in Bolivia during the periods 1990-2000 and 2000-2010 using a model that takes into account deforestation, forest degradation, forest regrowth, gradual carbon decomposition and accumulation, as well as heterogeneity in both above ground and below ground carbon contents at the 10 by 10 km grid level. The approach permits detailed maps of net emissions by region and type of land cover. We estimate that net CO2 emissions from land use change in Bolivia increased from about 65 million tons per year during 1990-2000 to about 93 million tons per year during 2000-2010, while CO2 emissions per capita and per unit of GDP have remained fairly stable over the sample period. If we allow for estimated biomass to increase in mature forests, net CO2 emissions drop to close to zero. Finally, we find these results are robust to alternative methods of calculating emissions

Negation in Spanish: analysis and typology of negation patterns

En este artículo se presentan los criterios aplicados para la anotación del corpus SFU ReviewSP-NEGcon negación y la tipología lingüística correspondiente. Esta tipología presenta la ventaja de ser fácilmente expresable en términos de un tagset para la anotación de corpus, de presentar tipos claramente delimitados, evitando así la ambigüedad en el proceso de anotación, y de presentar una amplia cobertura, es decir, que ha servido para resolver todos los casos que han aparecido. El corpus contiene 400 comentarios y 198.551 palabras. Actualmente está anotado en un 75% y, de un total de 6.331 oraciones revisadas, se han identificado 2.953 estructuras de negación.In this paper we present the criteria applied for the annotation of the SFU ReviewSP-NEGcorpus and the corresponding linguistic typology. This typology has the advantage that it is easy to express in terms of a tagset for corpus annotation: the types are clearly defined, which avoid the ambiguity in the annotation process, and they present a wide coverage (i.e. they covered/solved all the cases occurring in the corpus). The corpus consists of 400 reviews and 198,551 words. Currently, we have annotated 75% and from a total of 6,331 annotated sentences 2,953 contain at least one negation.Financiado por fondos FEDER, los proyectos: TIN2015-65136-C2-1-R y TIN2015-71147-C2-2 del MINECO y FPU014/00983 del MECD

La tuberculosi a Catalunya l’any 2018: informe preliminar

Tuberculosi; Estadístiques; CatalunyaTuberculosis; Estadísticas; CataluñaTuberculosis; Statistics; CataloniaEs descriu la situació epidemiològica de la tuberculosi a Catalunya i a les seves regions sanitàries. S’analitzen les característiques sociodemogràfiques, clíniques, bacteriològiques i els factors de risc dels casos enregistrats. Posteriorment, es fa referència a l'evolució de la malaltia durant els últims anys, a continuació es presenten els resultats de l'anàlisi de la conclusió del tractament, en finalitzar el seguiment

La tuberculosi a Catalunya l’any 2018

Tuberculosi; Vigilància epidemiològica; Notificació microbiològicaTuberculosis; Vigilancia epidemiológica; Notificación microbiológicaTuberculosis; Epidemiological surveillance; Microbiological notificationIntroducció. L’objectiu d’aquest article és presentar els resultats preliminars de la vigilància epidemiològica de la tuberculosi (TB) a Catalunya l’any 2018 i valorar-ne l’evolució en els darrers anys. Mètodes i resultats. La vigilància epidemiològica de la TB a Catalunya combina sistemes de vigilància passius i actius. L’any 2018 s’han notificat 991 casos de TB (13,0 casos per 100.000 habitants). El 63,4% dels casos són homes i el 36,6%, dones, amb una taxa de 16,8 casos i 9,4 casos per 100.000 habitants, respectivament. La mitjana d’edat dels malalts ha estat de 44,3 anys., El 52,4% dels casos de TB han estat immigrants que han presentat una taxa d’incidència que és quasi 5 vegades superior a la de les persones autòctones (37,6 i 7,6 casos per 100.000 habitants, respectivament). La forma més freqüent de presentació de la TB ha estat la pulmonar, observada en el 67,0% dels casos. El retard diagnòstic dels casos de TB pulmonar de 2018 ha estat superior al mes (mediana de 53 dies) La resistència primària a algun fàrmac antituberculós de primera línia ha estat del 14,4%; a la isoniazida, del 7,7%, i simultàniament a la isoniazida i la rifampicina, del 2,4%. En el 83,8% dels casos de TB pulmonar s’ha realitzat un estudi de contactes. El 88,4% dels casos de TB que van iniciar el tractament l’any 2017 el van finalitzar satisfactòriament. Respecte a l’any 2017, la taxa d’incidència de TB de 2018 ha disminuït un 1,5%. Conclusions. La incidència de la TB a Catalunya l’any 2018 mostra una aturada de la disminució observada de 2008 a 2016. Això posa de manifest la necessitat d’augmentar els esforços per mantenir el compromís polític i tècnic necessari per controlar i eliminar la TB, identificant i tractant els casos d’infecció tuberculosa latent, i, d’aquesta manera, disminuir el reservori de l’agent causal d’aquesta malaltia.Introducción: El objetivo de este artículo es presentar los resultados preliminares de la vigilancia epidemiológica de la tuberculosis (TB) en Cataluña en el año 2018 y valorar su evolución en los últimos años. Métodos y resultados: La vigilancia epidemiológica de la TB en Cataluña combina sistemas de vigilancia pasivos y activos. En el año 2018 se han notificado 991 casos de TB (13,0 casos por 100.000 habitantes). El 63,4% de los casos son hombres y el 36,6%, mujeres, con una tasa de 16,8 casos y 9,4 casos por 100.000 habitantes, respectivamente. La media de edad de los enfermos ha sido de 44,3 años.,. El 52,4% de los casos de TB han sido inmigrantes que han presentado una tasa de incidencia que es casi 5 veces superior a la de las personas autóctonas (37,6 y 7,6 casos por 100.000 habitantes, respectivamente). La TB pulmonar ha sido la forma más frecuente de presentación ( 67,0%). El retraso diagnóstico de los casos de TB pulmonar de 2018 ha sido superior al mes (mediana de 53 días) ). La resistencia primaria a algún fármaco antituberculoso de primera línea ha sido del 14,4%; a la isoniazida, del 7,7%, y simultáneamente a la isoniazida y la rifampicina, del 2,4%. En el 83,8% de los casos de TB pulmonar se ha realizado un estudio de contactos. El 88,4% de los casos de TB que iniciaron el tratamiento el año 2017 lo finalizaron satisfactoriamente. En 2018 la tasa de incidencia ha disminuido un 1,5% respecto al 2017. Conclusiones. La incidencia de la TB en Cataluña el año 2018 muestra una parada de la disminución observada de 2008 a 2016. Esto pone de manifiesto la necesidad de aumentar los esfuerzos para mantener el compromiso político y técnico necesario para controlar y eliminar la TB, identificando y tratando los casos de infección tuberculosa latente, y, de este modo, disminuir el reservorio de esta enfermedad.Introduction. The purpose of this article is to present the preliminary results of the epidemiological surveillance of tuberculosis (TB) in Catalonia in 2018 and to assess its evolution in recent years. Methods and results. The epidemiological surveillance of TB in Catalonia combines passive and active surveillance systems. In 2018, 991 cases were reported (13.0 cases per 105 inhabitants). 63.4% of cases are men and 36.6% are women, with a rate of 16.8 cases and 9.4 cases per 105 inhabitants, respectively. The mean age of the patients is 44.3 years, significantly higher in native people (51.5 years) compared to immigrants (37.8 years). Pediatric cases represent 6.4% of the total, with a rate of 5.4 cases per 105 inhabitants. 52.4% of TB cases are immigrants who have presented an incidence rate that is almost 5 times higher than that of native people (37.6 and 7.6 cases per 105 inhabitants, respectively). The most common form of TB is pulmonary, observed in 67.0% of cases (8.7 cases per 105 inhabitants), of which 42.6% have been smear positive (3.7 cases per 105 inhabitants). Diagnostic delay of TB pulmonary cases in 2018 has been higher than one month (median of 53 days) and has increased significantly to that observed among the cases of 2017 (median of 46 days). The primary resistance to any first-line drugs has been 14.4%; to isoniazid, of 7.7%, and simultaneously to isoniazid and rifampicin, of 2.4%. In 83.8% of pulmonary TB cases, a contact investigation has been conducted; a proportion higher than that of 2017, but which rises to 87.8% in smear positive pulmonary TB cases. 88.4% of TB cases who started treatment in 2017 completed it satisfactorily, a higher proportion in women (92.5%) than in men (85.9%), without significant differences between natives and immigrants. With respect to 2017, the TB incidence rate of 2018 has decreased by 1.5%, due to an 8.4% decrease in natives but an increase of 3.6% in immigrants, while in 2017 the reduction observed with respect to the 2016 rate was 0.8%. Conclusions. Despite significant progress in the control of this disease, TB incidence in Catalonia in 2018 shows a slowdown in the decline observed in recent years. This highlights the need to increase control efforts, maintaining the political and technical commitment needed for TB control and its elimination, identifying and treating cases of latent TB infection and thus decreasing the reservoir of the causative agent of this disease

La negación en español: análisis y tipología de patrones de negación

En este artículo se presentan los criterios aplicados para la anotación del corpus SFU ReviewSP-NEG con negación y la tipología lingüística correspondiente. Esta tipología presenta la ventaja de ser fácilmente expresable en términos de un tagset para la anotación de corpus, de presentar tipos claramente delimitados, evitando así la ambigüedad en el proceso de anotación, y de presentar una amplia cobertura, es decir, que ha servido para resolver todos los casos que han aparecido. El corpus contiene 400 comentar ios y 198.551 palabras. Actualmente está anotado en un 75% y, de un total de 6.331 oraciones revisadas, se han identificado 2.953 estructuras de negación.Palabras clave: Negación, anotación de corpus, tipos de negación, análisis de opiniones, anotación de la polaridad

Membrane dynamics in cell migration

Migration of cells is required in multiple tissue-level processes, such as in inflammation or cancer metastasis. Endocytosis is an extremely regulated cellular process by which cells uptake extracellular molecules or internalise cell surface receptors. While the role of endocytosis of focal adhesions (FA) and plasma membrane (PM) turnover at the leading edge of migratory cells is wide known, the contribution of endocytic proteins per se in migration has been frequently disregarded. In this review, we describe the novel functions of the most well-known endocytic proteins in cancer cell migration, focusing on clathrin, caveolin, flotillins and GRAF1. In addition, we highlight the relevance of the macropinocytic pathway in amoeboid-like cell migration

A multi-stage genome-wide association study of bladder cancer identifies multiple susceptibility loci.

We conducted a multi-stage, genome-wide association study of bladder cancer with a primary scan of 591,637 SNPs in 3,532 affected individuals (cases) and 5,120 controls of European descent from five studies followed by a replication strategy, which included 8,382 cases and 48,275 controls from 16 studies. In a combined analysis, we identified three new regions associated with bladder cancer on chromosomes 22q13.1, 19q12 and 2q37.1: rs1014971, (P = 8 × 10⁻¹²) maps to a non-genic region of chromosome 22q13.1, rs8102137 (P = 2 × 10⁻¹¹) on 19q12 maps to CCNE1 and rs11892031 (P = 1 × 10⁻⁷) maps to the UGT1A cluster on 2q37.1. We confirmed four previously identified genome-wide associations on chromosomes 3q28, 4p16.3, 8q24.21 and 8q24.3, validated previous candidate associations for the GSTM1 deletion (P = 4 × 10⁻¹¹) and a tag SNP for NAT2 acetylation status (P = 4 × 10⁻¹¹), and found interactions with smoking in both regions. Our findings on common variants associated with bladder cancer risk should provide new insights into the mechanisms of carcinogenesis

A multi-stage genome-wide association study of bladder cancer identifies multiple susceptibility loci.

We conducted a multi-stage, genome-wide association study of bladder cancer with a primary scan of 591,637 SNPs in 3,532 affected individuals (cases) and 5,120 controls of European descent from five studies followed by a replication strategy, which included 8,382 cases and 48,275 controls from 16 studies. In a combined analysis, we identified three new regions associated with bladder cancer on chromosomes 22q13.1, 19q12 and 2q37.1: rs1014971, (P = 8 × 10⁻¹²) maps to a non-genic region of chromosome 22q13.1, rs8102137 (P = 2 × 10⁻¹¹) on 19q12 maps to CCNE1 and rs11892031 (P = 1 × 10⁻⁷) maps to the UGT1A cluster on 2q37.1. We confirmed four previously identified genome-wide associations on chromosomes 3q28, 4p16.3, 8q24.21 and 8q24.3, validated previous candidate associations for the GSTM1 deletion (P = 4 × 10⁻¹¹) and a tag SNP for NAT2 acetylation status (P = 4 × 10⁻¹¹), and found interactions with smoking in both regions. Our findings on common variants associated with bladder cancer risk should provide new insights into the mechanisms of carcinogenesis