Data_PaternityAnalysis

Microsatellite data for all the offspring and adults wood turtle used in the analysis. Data of the first page are sorted by nest. When it was available from the sampling during nesting activity or assignment test, the mother genotype was put with their offspring (in the first row of each offspring group). The second page are the data of every candidate parents used in the assignment test. Offspring sample were collected during nesting season 2006 and 2007

Data from: Paternity analysis of wood turtles (Glyptemys insculpta) reveals complex mating patterns

Mating system characteristics are of great importance as they may influence male and female reproductive success and reproductive isolation. The wood turtle (Glyptemys insculpta) is a terrestrial freshwater species listed as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Considering its conservation status and the paucity of information currently available on parentage relationship for the species, we performed a microsatellite analysis to study the mating system of wood turtles in the Shawinigan River (Québec). We sampled 38 clutches over two years (14 in 2006 and 24 in 2007), for a total of 248 offspring genotyped with seven microsatellite loci. The reconstructed genotypes of the fathers revealed that reproductive success in the sampled clutches varied greatly between males and are positively correlated with the number of mates and clutches sired. Frequency of multiple paternity was estimated at 37% through a consensus of three different estimation methods. Positive correlation was observed between the genetic diversity of clutches and the number of fathers. Repeat paternity, however, was observed in 88% of the clutches by the same female in successive years, which suggests either a frequent use of sperm storage, or re-mating with the same partner in successive years

Identification of PCPE-2 as the endogenous specific inhibitor of human BMP-1/tolloid-like proteinases

International audienceAbstractBMP-1/tolloid-like proteinases (BTPs) are major players in tissue morphogenesis, growth and repair. They act by promoting the deposition of structural extracellular matrix proteins and by controlling the activity of matricellular proteins and TGF-β superfamily growth factors. They have also been implicated in several pathological conditions such as fibrosis, cancer, metabolic disorders and bone diseases. Despite this broad range of pathophysiological functions, the putative existence of a specific endogenous inhibitor capable of controlling their activities could never be confirmed. Here, we show that procollagen C-proteinase enhancer-2 (PCPE-2), a protein previously reported to bind fibrillar collagens and to promote their BTP-dependent maturation, is primarily a potent and specific inhibitor of BTPs which can counteract their proteolytic activities through direct binding. PCPE-2 therefore differs from the cognate PCPE-1 protein and extends the possibilities to fine-tune BTP activities, both in physiological conditions and in therapeutic settings.</jats:p

Effect of Ice Nucleation and Cryoprotectants during High Subzero-Preservation in Endothelialized Microchannels

Cryopreservation is of significance in areas including tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and organ transplantation. We investigated endothelial cell attachment and membrane integrity in a microvasculature model at high subzero temperatures in the presence of extracellular ice. The results show that in the presence of heterogeneous extracellular ice formation induced by ice nucleating bacteria, endothelial cells showed improved attachment at temperature minimums of −6 °C. However, as temperatures decreased below −6 °C, endothelial cells required additional cryoprotectants. The glucose analog, 3-<i>O</i>-methyl-d-glucose (3-OMG), rescued cell attachment optimally at 100 mM (cells/lane was 34, as compared to 36 for controls), while 2% and 5% polyethylene glycol (PEG) were equally effective at −10 °C (88% and 86.4% intact membranes). Finally, endothelialized microchannels were stored for 72 h at −10 °C in a preservation solution consisting of the University of Wisconsin (UW) solution, Snomax, 3-OMG, PEG, glycerol, and trehalose, whereby cell attachment was not significantly different from unfrozen controls, although membrane integrity was compromised. These findings enrich our knowledge about the direct impact of extracellular ice on endothelial cells. Specifically, we show that, by controlling the ice nucleation temperature and uniformity, we can preserve cell attachment and membrane integrity. Further, we demonstrate the strength of leveraging endothelialized microchannels to fuel discoveries in cryopreservation of thick tissues and solid organs

FOLFIRI plus BEvacizumab or aFLIbercept after FOLFOX-bevacizumab Failure for COlorectal Cancer (BEFLICO): An AGEO Multicenter Study.

International audienceAfter failure of first line FOLFOX-bevacizumab for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), adding either bevacizumab or aflibercept to second-line FOLFIRI increases survival compared to FOLFIRI alone. In this French retrospective multicentre cohort, we included patients with a mCRC treated with either FOLFIRI-aflibercept or FOLFIRI-bevacizumab. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), disease control rate (DCR: CR\,+\,PR\,+\,SD) and safety. We included 681 patients from 36 centers, 326 and 355 in the aflibercept and bevacizumab groups, respectively. Median age was 64.2\,years and 45.2% of patients were men. Most patients had RAS-mutated tumors (80.8%) and synchronous metastases (85.7%). After a median follow up of 31.2~months, median OS was 13.0~months (95% CI: 11.3-14.7) and 10.4~months (95% CI: 8.8-11.4) in the bevacizumab and aflibercept groups, respectively (P\,<\,.0001). Median PFS was 6.0~months (95% CI: 5.4-6.5) and 5.1~months (95% CI: 4.3-5.6) (P\,<\,.0001). After adjustment on age, PS, PFS of first line, primary tumor resection, metastasis location and RAS/BRAF status, bevacizumab was still associated with better OS (HR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.59-0.86, P~=~.0003). FOLFIRI-bevacizumab combination was associated with longer OS and PFS, and a better tolerability, as compared to FOLFIRI-aflibercept after progression on FOLFOX-bevacizumab