1,189 research outputs found
Educação à distância: o projeto de implantação do Curso Nacional de Capacitação de Técnicos Municipais para Elaboração do Mapeamento e Gerenciamento de Riscos
Em muitos distritos industriais, o desenvolvimento imediatista e o crescimento entrópico provocaram a deterioração do ambiente e agravaram a vulnerabilidade dos ecossistemas. Existem evidências de que desastres como as chuvas ácidas, a redução da camada de ozônio e o efeito estufa, podem concorrer para tornar ainda mais vulneráveis as populações. A UFSC, em resposta à sociedade brasileira, quanto à redução dos desastres no País implantou o CEPED, para desenvolver estudos e pesquisas para a redução das vulnerabilidades, ações de conscientização, planejamento e administração das adversidades, reconstrução, além de ações que minimizem os seus impactos sócioeconômicos. Neste contexto está o Curso Nacional de Capacitação de Técnicos Municipais para Elaboração do Mapeamento e Gerenciamento de Riscos, promovido em parceria com o Ministério das Cidades a distância, foco deste trabalho. Quanto à metodologia caracteriza-se como pesquisa aplicada, qualitativa, estudo de caso exploratório-descritivo, documental e bibliográfica. A determinação da amostra foi intencional. Foram coletados dados pela observação direta, análise documental, pesquisa bibliográfica e entrevistas. Este projeto é fruto de uma parceria entre a UFSC, através da FAPEU e do CEPED e do Governo Federal através do Ministério das Cidades e do IPT. O curso é gratuito e tem como objetivo principal habilitar os alunos em mapeamento e gerenciamento de risco considerando os desastres naturais. O projeto é constituído de cinco fases, o planejamento das atividades, o desenvolvimento da plataforma de trabalho do curso, a preparação do material didático, a entrega do material didático, a realização do curso e a elaboração do relatório final
The Italian version of the Juvenile Arthritis Multidimensional Assessment Report (JAMAR)
The Juvenile Arthritis Multidimensional Assessment Report (JAMAR) is a new parent/patient reported outcome measure that enables a thorough assessment of the disease status in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). We report the results of the cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the parent and patient versions of the JAMAR in the Italian language.The reading comprehension of the questionnaire was tested in 10 JIA parents and patients. Each participating centre was asked to collect demographic, clinical data and the JAMAR in 100 consecutive JIA patients or all consecutive patients seen in a 6-month period and to administer the JAMAR to 100 healthy children and their parents.The statistical validation phase explored descriptive statistics and the psychometric issues of the JAMAR: the 3 Likert assumptions, floor/ceiling effects, internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha, interscale correlations, test-retest reliability, and construct validity (convergent and discriminant validity).A total of 1296 JIA patients (7.2% systemic, 59.5% oligoarticular, 21.4% RF negative polyarthritis, 11.9% other categories) and 100 healthy children, were enrolled in 18 centres. The JAMAR components discriminated well healthy subjects from JIA patients except for the Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) Psychosocial Health (PsH) subscales. All JAMAR components revealed good psychometric performances.In conclusion, the Italian version of the JAMAR is a valid tool for the assessment of children with JIA and is suitable for use both in routine clinical practice and clinical research
Kinetics of biodegradation of diethylketone by Arthrobacter viscosus
The performance of an Arthrobacter
viscosus culture to remove diethylketone from aqueous
solutions was evaluated. The effect of initial
concentration of diethylketone on the growth of the
bacteria was evaluated for the range of concentration
between 0 and 4.8 g/l, aiming to evaluate a possible
toxicological effect. The maximum specific growth
rate achieved is 0.221 h-1 at 1.6 g/l of initial
diethylketone concentration, suggesting that for
higher concentrations an inhibitory effect on the
growth occurs. The removal percentages obtained
were approximately 88%, for all the initial concentrations
tested. The kinetic parameters were estimated
using four growth kinetic models for biodegradation
of organic compounds available in the literature. The
experimental data found is well fitted by the Haldane
model (R2 = 1) as compared to Monod model
(R2 = 0.99), Powell (R2 = 0.82) and Loung model
(R2 = 0.95). The biodegradation of diethylketone
using concentrated biomass was studied for an initial
diethylketone concentration ranging from 0.8–3.9 g/l
in a batch with recirculation mode of operation. The
biodegradation rate found followed the pseudo-second
order kinetics and the resulting kinetic parameters
are reported. The removal percentages obtained
were approximately 100%, for all the initial concentrations
tested, suggesting that the increment on the
biomass concentration allows better results in terms
of removal of diethylketone. This study showed that
these bacteria are very effective for the removal of
diethylketone from aqueous solutions.The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the financial support of this project by the Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT), Ministerio da Ciencia e Tecnologia, Portugal and Fundo Social Europeu (FSE). Cristina Quintelas thanks FCT for a Post-Doc grant
Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London
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