Age at first birth in women is genetically associated with increased risk of schizophrenia

Prof. Paunio on PGC:n jäsenPrevious studies have shown an increased risk for mental health problems in children born to both younger and older parents compared to children of average-aged parents. We previously used a novel design to reveal a latent mechanism of genetic association between schizophrenia and age at first birth in women (AFB). Here, we use independent data from the UK Biobank (N = 38,892) to replicate the finding of an association between predicted genetic risk of schizophrenia and AFB in women, and to estimate the genetic correlation between schizophrenia and AFB in women stratified into younger and older groups. We find evidence for an association between predicted genetic risk of schizophrenia and AFB in women (P-value = 1.12E-05), and we show genetic heterogeneity between younger and older AFB groups (P-value = 3.45E-03). The genetic correlation between schizophrenia and AFB in the younger AFB group is -0.16 (SE = 0.04) while that between schizophrenia and AFB in the older AFB group is 0.14 (SE = 0.08). Our results suggest that early, and perhaps also late, age at first birth in women is associated with increased genetic risk for schizophrenia in the UK Biobank sample. These findings contribute new insights into factors contributing to the complex bio-social risk architecture underpinning the association between parental age and offspring mental health.Peer reviewe

Infecção pelo vírus da leucose enzoótica bovina(BLV) Enzootic bovine leukosis infection(BLV)

O vírus da leucose bovina (BLV) é o agente causal de duas condições clínicas relacionadas aos bovinos: o linfossarcorma, doença neoplásica comum no gado adulto, e linfocitose persistente, proliferação benigna das células linfóides. A identificação do BLV em 1969 e o subseqüente desenvolvimento de técnicas sorológicas sensíveis permitiram o reconhecimento da infecção como prevalente em muitos países, principalmente no gado leiteiro. Devido a inexistência de tratamento ou de uma vacina eficaz, as pesquisas concentram-se nos modos de transmissão e no desenvolvimento de programas de controle e prevenção da infecção. Este trabalho faz uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o BLV, incluindo modos de infecção, sinais clínicos e diagnóstico laboratorial, além de descrever medidas que o produtor deve seguir para prevenir ou controlar a disseminação do vírus no rebanho.<br>Bovino leukaemia virus (BLV) is the causative agent of tvo related conditions in cattle: the lymphosarcoma, common neoplastic disease of cattle, and persistent lymphocytosis, a benign proliferation of lymphoide cells. The identification of BLV in 1969 and the subsequent development of sensitive serological techniques allowed the recognition that infections of BLV are prevalent in many countries, especially in dairy cattle. Because of there 's no effective therapy or vaccine, the investigations concentrate on modes of transmission and the development of control and prevention programmes. This paper reviews the BLV, as to their modes of infection, clinical disease and laboratory diagnosis and also describes measures which the owner may take to prevent or control the dissemination of the virus in the herd