Farklı mevkilerde oynayan profesyonel futbolcuların diz eklemlerinin antropometrik ölçümlerinin ve izokinetik performanslarının karşılaştırılması

The aim of our study is determine knee flexibility and knee isokinetic performance of soccer players who play different position. In this study nineteen professional soccer players who play in Kocaelispor were choosen as a subjects. Range of movement (ROM)of knee and  the knee flexion/extension muscle strengths were measured. In this measurement were used  60, 180 and 300 deg/sec con-con angular velocity protochol using biodex system III dynamometer.Statistically significant difference was found of total work of knee extensor in 60°/s between forwards and midfielders and also between forwards and defenders(p<0.05). Ekstansor muscle strength of forwards less than which of defenders and which of midfielders. Statistical differences were shown in 60°/s Peak Torque/body weight of between midfielders and defenders. Defenders have higher extensor muscle strength but lower values ROM. As the muscle strength and volume increase muscle get shorter. This can make risk for injures.While an exercise program is prepared play position must taken into consideration after isokinetic tests. Especially joint flexibility is indicator for future injures.Araştırmanın amacı farklı mevkilerde oynayan futbolcuların diz fleksibiliteleri ve diz izokinetik performans farklılıklarını belirlemektir. Çalışmamıza Türkiye A liginde yer alan Kocaelispor takımının  19 profesyonel futbol oyuncusu katılmıştır. Sporcuların diz eklemi çevre ölçümü, diz eklemi hareket genişlikleri (ROM) alınmış ve Biodex system 3 dinanometre ile diz fleksiyon- ekstansiyon kas kuvvetleri ölçümü 60/180/300 derece/saniye(°/s) Con-Con test protokolü ile yapılmıştır. 60°/s’de ekstansiyonda total iş miktarında forvet ile orta saha oyuncuları arasında ve forvet ile defans oyuncuları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık belirlenmiştir(p<0.05). Forvet oyuncularının değerleri hem defans hem de orta saha oyuncularına göre daha düşük bulunmuştur. Yine 60°/s’de pik tork/vücut ağırlığı değerlerinde orta saha ile defans oyuncuları arasında, defans oyuncularında artış yönünde anlamlı bir farklılık belirlenmiştir(p<0.05). Bu da defans oyuncularının izokinetik performans açısından diğer mevkilerdeki oyunculardan daha güçlü bir diz patlayıcı kuvvetine sahip olduklarını göstermektedir. ROM değerleri de defans oyuncularında düşük bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Kas kuvvetleri ve hacimleri arttıkça kaslarda kısalma olduğu, bunun da sakatlık oluşturma riskini arttırdığını defans oyuncuları için söyleyebiliriz. Egzersiz programları hazırlanırken oyuncuların izokinetik değerlendirmeleri ve kısalık testleri yapıldıktan sonra oynadıkları mevkilerde göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Özellikle sporcularda eklem fleksibilitesi bütün alt ekstremite eklemleri için ileride sakatlıkların oluşumu açısından önemli bir parametredir

Food-derived sensory cues modulate longevity via distinct neuroendocrine insulin-like peptides

Environmental fluctuations influence organismal aging by affecting various regulatory systems. One such system involves sensory neurons, which affect life span in many species. However, how sensory neurons coordinate organismal aging in response to changes in environmental signals remains elusive. Here, we found that a subset of sensory neurons shortens Caenorhabditis elegans' life span by differentially regulating the expression of a specific insulin-like peptide (ILP), INS-6. Notably, treatment with food-derived cues or optogenetic activation of sensory neurons significantly increases ins-6 expression and decreases life span. INS-6 in turn relays the longevity signals to nonneuronal tissues by decreasing the activity of the transcription factor DAF-16/FOXO. Together, our study delineates a mechanism through which environmental sensory cues regulate aging rates by modulating the activities of specific sensory neurons and ILPs.1186Ysciescopu

Diacetyl odor shortens longevity conferred by food deprivation in C. elegans via downregulation of DAF-16/FOXO

Dietary restriction extends lifespan in various organisms by reducing the levels of both nutrients and non-nutritional food-derived cues. However, the identity of specific food-derived chemical cues that alter lifespan remains unclear. Here, we identified several volatile attractants that decreased the longevity on food deprivation, a dietary restriction regimen in Caenorhabditis elegans. In particular, we found that the odor of diacetyl decreased the activity of DAF-16/FOXO, a life-extending transcription factor acting downstream of insulin/IGF-1 signaling. We then demonstrated that the odor of lactic acid bacteria, which produce diacetyl, reduced the nuclear accumulation of DAF-16/FOXO. Unexpectedly, we showed that the odor of diacetyl decreased longevity independently of two established diacetyl receptors, ODR-10 and SRI-14, in sensory neurons. Thus, diacetyl, a food-derived odorant, may shorten food deprivation-induced longevity via decreasing the activity of DAF-16/FOXO through binding to unidentified receptors. © 2020 The Authors. Aging Cell published by the Anatomical Society and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.1

Electromagnetic Wave Theory and Applications

Contains table of contents for Section 3 and reports on seven research projects.Joint Services Electronics Program Contract DAAL03-89-C-0001National Science Foundation Contract ECS 86-20029Schlumberger- Doll ResearchU.S. Army Research Office Contract DAAL03 88-K-0057National Aeronautics and Space Administration Contract NAGW-1617U.S. Navy - Office of Naval Research Contract N00014-89-J-1107National Aeronautics and Space Administration Contract NAGW-1272National Aeronautics and Space Administration Contract 958461Simulation Technologies Contract DAAH01-87-C-0679U.S. Army Corp of Engineers Contract DACA39-87-K-0022WaveTracer, Inc.U.S. Navy - Office of Naval Research Contract N00014-89-J-1019U.S. Air Force Systems - Electronic Systems Division Contract F19628-88-K-0013Digital Equipment CorporationInternational Business Machines CorporationU.S. Department of Transportation Contract DTRS-57-88-C-0007

Electromagnetic Wave Theory and Applications

Contains table of contents for Section 3, reports on six research projects and a list of publications and conference papers.Joint Services Electronics Program Contract DAAL03-89-C-0001National Science Foundation Grant ECS 86-20029Schlumberger- Doll ResearchU.S. Army Research Office Contract DAAL03 88-K-0057U.S. Navy - Office of Naval Research Contract N00014-90-J-1002National Aeronautics and Space Administration Grant NAGW-1617U.S. Navy - Office of Naval Research Grant N00014-89-J-1107National Aeronautics and Space Administration Grant NAGW-1272National Aeronautics and Space Administration Agreement 958461U.S. Army - Corps of Engineers Contract DACA39-87-K-0022U.S. Air Force - Electronic Systems Division Contract F19628-88-K-0013U.S. Navy - Office of Naval Research Grant N00014-89-J-1019Digital Equipment CorporationIBM CorporationU.S. Department of Transportation Contract DTRS-57-88-C-00078Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency Contract MDA972-90-C-002

Electromagnetic Wave Theory and Applications

Contains table of contents for Section 3 and reports on five research projects.U.S. Department of Transportation Contract DTRS-57-88-C-00078TTD13U.S. Department of Transportation Contract DTRS-57-88-C-00078TTD30Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Contract MDA972-90-C-0021Digital Equipment CorporationIBM CorporationJoint Services Electronics Program Contract DAAL03-89-C-0001Joint Services Electronics Program Contract DAAL03-92-C-0001Schlumberger-Doll ResearchU.S. Navy - Office of Naval Research Grant N00014-90-J-1002U.S. Navy - Office of Naval Research Grant N00014-89-J-1019National Aeronautics and Space Administration Grant NAGW-1617National Aeronautics and Space Administration Grant 958461National Aeronautics and Space Administration Grant NAGW-1272U.S. Army Corp of Engineers Contract DACA39-87-K-0022U.S. Navy - Office of Naval Research Grant N00014-89-J-110

Federated learning enables big data for rare cancer boundary detection.

Although machine learning (ML) has shown promise across disciplines, out-of-sample generalizability is concerning. This is currently addressed by sharing multi-site data, but such centralization is challenging/infeasible to scale due to various limitations. Federated ML (FL) provides an alternative paradigm for accurate and generalizable ML, by only sharing numerical model updates. Here we present the largest FL study to-date, involving data from 71 sites across 6 continents, to generate an automatic tumor boundary detector for the rare disease of glioblastoma, reporting the largest such dataset in the literature (n = 6, 314). We demonstrate a 33% delineation improvement for the surgically targetable tumor, and 23% for the complete tumor extent, over a publicly trained model. We anticipate our study to: 1) enable more healthcare studies informed by large diverse data, ensuring meaningful results for rare diseases and underrepresented populations, 2) facilitate further analyses for glioblastoma by releasing our consensus model, and 3) demonstrate the FL effectiveness at such scale and task-complexity as a paradigm shift for multi-site collaborations, alleviating the need for data-sharing

Author Correction: Federated learning enables big data for rare cancer boundary detection.

10.1038/s41467-023-36188-7NATURE COMMUNICATIONS14

Juxtaposing BTE and ATE – on the role of the European insurance industry in funding civil litigation

One of the ways in which legal services are financed, and indeed shaped, is through private insurance arrangement. Two contrasting types of legal expenses insurance contracts (LEI) seem to dominate in Europe: before the event (BTE) and after the event (ATE) legal expenses insurance. Notwithstanding institutional differences between different legal systems, BTE and ATE insurance arrangements may be instrumental if government policy is geared towards strengthening a market-oriented system of financing access to justice for individuals and business. At the same time, emphasizing the role of a private industry as a keeper of the gates to justice raises issues of accountability and transparency, not readily reconcilable with demands of competition. Moreover, multiple actors (clients, lawyers, courts, insurers) are involved, causing behavioural dynamics which are not easily predicted or influenced. Against this background, this paper looks into BTE and ATE arrangements by analysing the particularities of BTE and ATE arrangements currently available in some European jurisdictions and by painting a picture of their respective markets and legal contexts. This allows for some reflection on the performance of BTE and ATE providers as both financiers and keepers. Two issues emerge from the analysis that are worthy of some further reflection. Firstly, there is the problematic long-term sustainability of some ATE products. Secondly, the challenges faced by policymakers that would like to nudge consumers into voluntarily taking out BTE LEI

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good