A educação imersiva em um tour virtual 360º: sobre percursos pedagógicos e computacionais iniciais na elaboração de uma proposta de objeto de aprendizagem / Immersive education in a 360º virtual tour: on initial pedagogical and computational pathways in the elaboration of a learning object proposal

Artigo resumido sobre o processo de elaboração de uma proposta de objeto de aprendizagem, que será um instrumento de pesquisa e formação de professores, denominado de Memorial Virtual Paulo Freire. Utilizará conteúdos digitais 360º para viabilizar uma experiência de Realidade Virtual no formato tour virtual, mas cujo prédio, materiais impressos e/ou objetos concretos viabilizarão ainda uma experiência de Realidade Aumentada. Visa implementar um percurso virtual de aprendizagem sobre conceitos freireanos, mobilizando diferentes perfis cognitivos no processo de leitura de conteúdos digitais. Os resultados parciais são a conceituação inicial sobre o simultâneo processo pedagógico e computacional para viabilização desta tecnologia educacional

A educação imersiva em um tour virtual 360º: sobre percursos pedagógicos e computacionais iniciais na elaboração de uma proposta de objeto de aprendizagem / Immersive education in a 360º virtual tour: on initial pedagogical and computational pathways in the elaboration of a learning object proposal

Artigo resumido sobre o processo de elaboração de uma proposta de objeto de aprendizagem, que será um instrumento de pesquisa e formação de professores, denominado de Memorial Virtual Paulo Freire. Utilizará conteúdos digitais 360º para viabilizar uma experiência de Realidade Virtual no formato tour virtual, mas cujo prédio, materiais impressos e/ou objetos concretos viabilizarão ainda uma experiência de Realidade Aumentada. Visa implementar um percurso virtual de aprendizagem sobre conceitos freireanos, mobilizando diferentes perfis cognitivos no processo de leitura de conteúdos digitais. Os resultados parciais são a conceituação inicial sobre o simultâneo processo pedagógico e computacional para viabilização desta tecnologia educacional

Tomato Breeding for Insect-Pest Resistance

The tomato is susceptible to pest attacks that can lead to damages throughout the crop cycle. Pest control is carried out, mainly, by insecticide and chemical acaricide spraying. However, the use of chemical pest control can cause severe damage to the environment, biological imbalances and deleterious effects on farmers and consumer health, as well as increased production costs. An interesting alternative to minimizing the problems arising from the agrochemical application and maintaining pest populations below the economic damage level is the development of tomato plants displaying resistance to insect and arachnid pests. In this context, the main purpose of this chapter is to provide a review of the techniques applied in this regard, major progresses to date and future prospects for tomato pest-resistance breeding. This chapter is divided into five sections: (1) wild pest-resistant tomato species, (2) allelochemicals that confer pest resistance, (3) techniques used for the introgression of pest resistance genes (4) overview, challenges and prospects for pest-resistant tomato breeding and (5) final considerations

Resistência à Helicoverpa armigera em genótipos de tomateiro obtidos do cruzamento de Solanum lycopersicum com Solanum galapagense

The objective of this work was to verify the resistance to the Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) caterpillar by tomato genotypes obtained from interspecific crossing of Solanum lycopersicum x S. galapagense, and the association of this resistence with the density of type IV glandular trichomes. Genotypes of the F2 population, obtained from the crossing of S. lycopersicum TOM‑684 x S. galapagense LA‑1401, selected for low and high densities of glandular trichomes, respectively, were subjected to two laboratory resistance tests, one for antibiosis and other for antixenosis. Genotypes of the F2 population, with high density of type IV glandular trichomes (BPX‑486‑17, BPX‑486‑62, BPX‑486‑10, BPX‑486‑46 and BPX‑486‑08), showed higher resistance levels, both by antibiosis and antixenosis, than the genotypes with low‑density glandular trichomes (BPX‑486‑313 and BPX‑486‑383) and the witnesses 'Santa Clara' and TOM‑684. Resistance levels were lower than those of the wild parent LA‑1401.O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a resistência à lagarta Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), em genótipos de tomateiro obtidos do cruzamento interespecífico de Solanum lycopersicum x S. galapagense, e a associação dessa resistência com a densidade de tricomas glandulares do tipo IV. Genótipos da população F2, derivada do cruzamento S. lycopersicum TOM‑684 x S. galapagense LA‑1401, selecionados quanto à baixa e à alta densidade de tricomas glandulares, respectivamente, foram submetidos a dois testes de resistência à lagarta H. armigera em laboratório, um de antibiose e outro de antixenose. Os genótipos da população F2, com alta densidade de tricomas glandulares do tipo IV (BPX‑486‑17, BPX‑486‑62, BPX‑486‑10, BPX‑486‑46 e BPX‑486‑08), apresentam maiores níveis de resistência, tanto por antibiose quanto por antixenose, do que os genótipos com baixa densidade de tricomas glandulares (BPX‑486‑313 e BPX‑486‑383) e do que as testemunhas 'Santa Clara' e TOM‑684. Os níveis de resistência foram menores do que os do genitor silvestre LA‑1401

Retinoblastoma pediátrico - visão geral / Pediatric retinoblastoma - overview

Introdução: o retinoblastoma é a malignidade primária intraocular mais comum na infância, contribuindo com 11% dos diagnósticos no primeiro ano de vida. O bom prognóstico depende de uma rápida detecção, seguida de sua classificação e tratamento precoce. Assim o presente trabalho tem por objetivo explicar as diversas características do retinoblastoma pediátrico, como: (1) epidemiologia, (2) fisiopatologia, (3) sinais e sintomas, (4) diagnóstico, (5) tratamento e (6) prognóstico. Metodologia: foi realizado uma revisão da literatura no pubmed/medline, usando os descritores “retinoblastoma and pediatric or retinoblastoma and epidemiology or retinoblastoma and signs and symptoms or retinoblastoma and diagnosis or retinoblastoma and treatment or retinoblastoma and prognosis” e os filtros de busca apenas revisões, revisões sistemáticas e metanálises, últimos 5 anos, os idiomas inglês, português e espanhol e a faixa etária até 18 anos. Resultados: após a pesquisa bibliográfica, foram incluídos 10 artigos. Discussão: (1) sua incidência gira em torno de 1 caso entre 15.000 para 18.000 nascidos vivos; (2) o retinoblastoma é uma malignidade associada a mutações no gene supressor de tumor rb1 localizado no braço longo do cromossomo 13 (13q14); (3) o sinal e sintoma mais comum é a leucocoria; (4) os exames mais utilizados para o seu diagnóstico são ultrassonografia, angiografia fluoresceínica, tomografia de coerência óptica, tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética; (5) o tratamento mais utilizado é feito com base na classificação internacional do retinoblastoma, sendo os casos divididos em 4 grupos (a,b,c e d). Os grupos a e b devem ser tratados com procedimentos locais, já os grupos c e d são tratados com a quimioterapia sistêmica ou a quimioterapia local intra-arterial ou intravítrea; (6) a doença apresenta uma taxa de cura elevada, com sobrevida de 98% dos casos. Conclusão: a identificação precoce junto a um tratamento adequado a sua classificação, torna o prognóstico muito favorável

Exposure computational models with voxel phantoms coupled to EGSnrc Monte Carlo code

In computational dosimetry of ionizing radiation, the energy deposited in radiosensitive organs and tissues is evaluated when an anthropomorphic simulator (phantom) is irradiated using Exposure Computational Models (ECMs). An ECM is a virtual scene with a phantom positioned mathematically relative to a radioactive source. The initial state includes information like the type of primary particle, its energy, starting point coordinates, and direction. Subsequently, robust Monte Carlo (MC) codes are used to simulate the particle's mean free path, interaction with the medium's atoms, and energy deposition. These are common steps for simulations involving photons and/or primary electrons. The GDN (Research Group on Numerical Dosimetry and the Research Group on Computational Dosimetry and Embedded Systems) has published ECMs with voxel phantoms irradiated by photons using the MC code EGSnrc. This work has led to specific computational tools development for various numerical dosimetry stages, including input file preparation, ECM execution, and result analysis. Since 2004, the GDN developed in-house applications like FANTOMAS, CALDose_X, DIP, and MonteCarlo. Certain previously used phantoms are reintroduced to provide historical context in the ECMs' production timeline, emphasizing additive modifications inherent in systematic theme studies. The dosimetric evaluations used the binary version of the MASH (Male Adult mesh) phantom, converted to the SID (Dosimetric Information System) text file type. This format has been used by the group since 2021 to couple a voxel phantom to the EGSnrc user code. The ECM included an environmental dosimetry problem simulation. Most of these tools are accessible on the GDN page (http://dosimetrianumerica.org)

The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since July 2014. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the fourteenth from SDSS overall (making this, Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes public data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (July 2014-2016). Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS); the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data driven machine learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS website (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release, and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020, and will be followed by SDSS-V.Comment: SDSS-IV collaboration alphabetical author data release paper. DR14 happened on 31st July 2017. 19 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by ApJS on 28th Nov 2017 (this is the "post-print" and "post-proofs" version; minor corrections only from v1, and most of errors found in proofs corrected

The 13th Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the SDSS-IV Survey Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) began observations in July 2014. It pursues three core programs: APOGEE-2,MaNGA, and eBOSS. In addition, eBOSS contains two major subprograms: TDSS and SPIDERS. This paper describes the first data release from SDSS-IV, Data Release 13 (DR13), which contains new data, reanalysis of existing data sets and, like all SDSS data releases, is inclusive of previously released data. DR13 makes publicly available 1390 spatially resolved integral field unit observations of nearby galaxies from MaNGA,the first data released from this survey. It includes new observations from eBOSS, completing SEQUELS. In addition to targeting galaxies and quasars, SEQUELS also targeted variability-selected objects from TDSS and X-ray selected objects from SPIDERS. DR13 includes new reductions ofthe SDSS-III BOSS data, improving the spectrophotometric calibration and redshift classification. DR13 releases new reductions of the APOGEE-1data from SDSS-III, with abundances of elements not previously included and improved stellar parameters for dwarf stars and cooler stars. For the SDSS imaging data, DR13 provides new, more robust and precise photometric calibrations. Several value-added catalogs are being released in tandem with DR13, in particular target catalogs relevant for eBOSS, TDSS, and SPIDERS, and an updated red-clump catalog for APOGEE.This paper describes the location and format of the data now publicly available, as well as providing references to the important technical papers that describe the targeting, observing, and data reduction. The SDSS website, http://www.sdss.org, provides links to the data, tutorials and examples of data access, and extensive documentation of the reduction and analysis procedures. DR13 is the first of a scheduled set that will contain new data and analyses from the planned ~6-year operations of SDSS-IV.PostprintPeer reviewe