Measurements of differential production cross sections for a Z boson in association with jets in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV

Peer reviewe

Charged-particle nuclear modification factors in PbPb and pPb collisions at √=sNN=5.02 TeV

The spectra of charged particles produced within the pseudorapidity window |η| < 1 at √ sNN = 5.02 TeV are measured using 404 µb −1 of PbPb and 27.4 pb−1 of pp data collected by the CMS detector at the LHC in 2015. The spectra are presented over the transverse momentum ranges spanning 0.5 < pT < 400 GeV in pp and 0.7 < pT < 400 GeV in PbPb collisions. The corresponding nuclear modification factor, RAA, is measured in bins of collision centrality. The RAA in the 5% most central collisions shows a maximal suppression by a factor of 7–8 in the pT region of 6–9 GeV. This dip is followed by an increase, which continues up to the highest pT measured, and approaches unity in the vicinity of pT = 200 GeV. The RAA is compared to theoretical predictions and earlier experimental results at lower collision energies. The newly measured pp spectrum is combined with the pPb spectrum previously published by the CMS collaboration to construct the pPb nuclear modification factor, RpA, up to 120 GeV. For pT > 20 GeV, RpA exhibits weak momentum dependence and shows a moderate enhancement above unity

Épocas e métodos de aplicação de nitrogênio em milho cultivado no sistema plantio direto Timing and methods of nitrogen application for corn under no-tillage

O milho (Zea mays L.), no sistema plantio direto, frequentemente é cultivado após cereais de inverno. Durante a decomposição de resíduos culturais pode ocorrer imobilização de nitrogênio (N) e limitação do desenvolvimento da cultura. Visando avaliar métodos de manejo de N sobre a produtividade de milho, cinco experimentos foram conduzidos, durante o período 1997 a 2002, sob sistema plantio direto. Aveia preta (Avena strigosa Schrieb) foi cultivada como cultura de cobertura precedendo o milho, tendo sido dessecada no estádio de antese. O delineamento experimental dos experimentos foi blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e com número de tratamentos de 8 a 12. O N foi aplicado em diferentes modos (na superfície, a lanço e incorporado, em linhas) e épocas (em pré-semeadura, na semeadura e na semeadura + cobertura), em dose única de 100kg ha-1, na forma de uréia. No primeiro ano de avaliação (1997/98) ocorreu elevada precipitação pluvial, observando-se rendimentos de grãos maiores nos tratamentos em que o N foi aplicado na semeadura e cobertura, enquanto os demais tratamentos conferiram rendimentos inferiores e semelhantes entre si. Nas safras seguintes, com menor precipitação pluvial do que em 1997/98, não se observaram diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos com aplicação antecipada de N e naqueles com adubação em cobertura, exceto na safra 2000/2001, nos tratamentos com aplicação em pré-semeadura a lanço. Considerando o efeito médio dos tratamentos, observou-se que a aplicação de N alguns dias após a dessecação de aveia preta, totalmente no momento da semeadura de milho, ou na semeadura e em cobertura são práticas viáveis no sistema plantio direto. A incorporação de N em relação à aplicação a lanço, tanto em pré-semeadura, na semeadura ou em cobertura, proporcionou, em média, acréscimos de 5% no rendimento de grãos de milho.<br>Corn (Zea mays L.) is usually cultivated after winter cereals under no-tillage in southern Brazil. During the decomposition of plant residues, nitrogen (N) can be imobilized and limit plant growth. In order to evaluate the effect of timings and methods of N application on corn yields, five experiments were carried out during 1997 to 2002, under no-tillage. Black oat (Avena strigosa Schrieb) was used as a preceding cover crop, beeing desiccated at anthesis. Randomized blocks were used as experimental design, with four replications, and 8 to 12 treatments. N was applied to the soil by different methods (on the surface, broadcasted and incorporated) and timing (before seeding, at seeding, and at seeding + topdressing), at the rate of 100kg ha-1, as urea. At the first year (1997/98), a very high amount of rain fell during the months of September and October, before and shortly after corn emergence. In this season, higher grain yield was obtained by the treatments with topdressed N than by all other treatments, which were lower and similar among themselves. In the subsequent years, with less rainfall, no significant differences were observed among treatments, except in the 2000/2001 season, for the treatments in which N was broadcasted before seeding. Considering the average yield, no differences were observed among the timings of N application. On the average, incorporation of N, at any of the three timings of N application, indicated a tendency to generate about 5 % higher grain yields than soil surface application