The Transforming Industry in the North Region: Effects of the European Integration, 1986-1995

A integração de Portugal na Comunidade Económica Europeia/UniãoEuropeia, a partir de 1 de Janeiro de 1986, constituiu um marco significativo da nossa História recente. Por isso, há que avaliar quais as repercussões de tal integração, sob os diversos pontos de vista. No estudo que se segue, focaremos o assunto apenas no que concerne à indústria transformadora na Região Norte. Começa-se por enquadrar, histórica e geograficamente, a área em estudo, ou seja, a dita Região Norte. Esta integra diversas subregiões, com as suas especificidades, sobretudo em termos de actividades predominantes e do respectivo desenvolvimento económico. No que à indústria diz respeito, destaca-se o Vale do Ave que, por isso mesmo, merece uma atenção especial. Seguidamente, analisam-se os recursos humanos, particularmente no que toca à qualificação escolar dos trabalhadores por conta de outrem e respectiva evolução, no período em foco (1986-1995). A melhoria da qualificação dos efectivos, relativamente à sua formação, tem vindo a repercutir-se nos diversos sectores de actividade, embora de forma desigual em cada um deles. Por último, dedicar-se-á a devida atenção ao desenvolvimento industrial verificado ultimamente, com destaque para os ramos mais significativos: têxtil, vestuário e calçado. Tratando-se do principal pólo de especialização industrial português, estudam-se alguns dos elementos que caracterizam o modelo industrialização em curso, o tipo de empresas mais comum, a qualidade dos produtos, os factores de competitividade e os sinais de mudança.The integration of Portugal in the European Economic Community/European Union, on 1st January 1986, was a very important step in our recent History. Therefore, we have to assess the repercussions of this integration from every point of view. In this study we will limit our discussion to the transforming industry in the North Region. We start by doing an historical and geographical framework of the area under study, that is to say, the North Region. This region integrates many sub-regions, with their specificities, namely as regards the main activities and economic development. As far as the industry is concerned, we highlight Vale do Ave, therefore it deserves a very special attention. Afterwards, we analyse the human resources concerning particularly the academic background of the employees and their evolution during the period on focus (1986-1995). The improvement of the permanent workers’ academic background has been having repercussions on the various industrial sectors, though in different ways on which one of them. At last, we will emphasize the latest industrial development in the following sectors: textile, clothing and footwear. We will study some of the elements that characterise the present industrialisation model, which is the main Portuguese pole of industrial specialisation, the most common type of companies, the quality of the products, the competitiveness factors and the change signals

O uso da terapia de reminiscência em reabilitação neuropsicológica pelos terapeutas ocupacionais: um estudo exploratório/ The use of reminiscence therapy in neuropsychological rehabilitation by occupational therapists: an exploratory study

Introdução: O envelhecimento populacional é um dos grandes desafios das sociedades contemporâneas cujas alterações cognitivas conduzem a um decréscimo do bem-estar e da capacidade funcional. A terapia de reminiscência é uma técnica que consiste em recuperar memórias autobiográficas, tendo assumido um papel crescente na reabilitação cognitiva dos idosos. Objetivo: Explorar o uso da terapia de reminiscência como técnica interventiva na prática clínica do terapeuta ocupacional. Método: Estudo descritivo, exploratório, transversal, não probabilístico de amostra por conveniência de terapeutas ocupacionais portugueses e brasileiros, realizado através da plataforma Google Forms, entre dezembro de 2020 e fevereiro de 2021. Resultados:  Dos terapeutas que cumpriram os critérios de inclusão (n=155), observou-se que 76,8% (n=119) tinham conhecimento sobre o uso da terapia de reminiscência e, destes, n=93 (78,2%) utilizavam na sua prática. Quanto à área de aplicação, destaca-se a gerontologia, nomeadamente, na demência e na manutenção das capacidades cognitivas. Na aplicação desta técnica, utilizam-se recursos que estimulam as memórias autobiográfica e episódica, como conversas temáticas, fotografias, música e narrativa pessoal. Discussão: A terapia de reminiscência é uma técnica com crescimento na evidência científica, sendo utilizada por profissionais de várias áreas. A sua aplicação, associada a outras técnicas, tem revelado efeitos positivos, especialmente na população geriátrica. Atualmente existem programas estruturados validados, contudo, a sua eficácia deverá ser comprovada. Conclusão: Apesar de ser uma técnica muito utilizada pelos terapeutas ocupacionais, importa clarificar, em estudos futuros, de que forma estes profissionais avaliam o seu impacto nas competências cognitivas, no desempenho ocupacional e na reestruturação da vida dos indivíduo.Palavras-chave: Terapia Ocupacional. Cognição. Memória. Narrativa Pessoal. Experiência de Vida. Abstract Introduction: Population ageing is one of the major challenges of contemporary societies, whose cognitive impairments lead to a decrease in well-being and functional capacity. Reminiscence therapy is a technique that consists of retrieving autobiographical memories who´s assuming a growing role in the cognitive rehabilitation of the elderly. Objective: Explore the use of reminiscence therapy as an interventional technique in the occupational therapist's clinical practice. Method: Descriptive, exploratory, cross-sectional, non-probabilistic study of a convenience sample of Portuguese and Brazilian occupational therapists, collected through Google Forms platform, between December 2020 and February 2021. Results: From the occupational therapists who met the insclusion criteria (n=155), it was observed that 76.8% (n=119) had knowledge about the use of reminiscence therapy and of these, n=93 (78.2%) use it in their practice. As for the application area, gerontology stands out, namely in dementia and the maintenance of cognitive abilities. In the application of this technique, resources that stimulate autobiographical and episodic memories are used, such as thematic conversations, photographs, music and personal narrative are used. Discussion: Reminiscence therapy is a technique showing growth in scientific evidence, being used by professionals from various areas. Its application, associated with other techniques, has shown positive effects, especially in the geriatric population. There are currently validated structured programs, however their effectiveness should still be proven. Conclusion: Despite being a technique widely used by occupational therapists, it's still important to clarify in future studies how these professionals assess its impact on cognitive skills, occupational performance and the restructuring of individuals' lives.Keywords: Occupational Therapy. Cognition. Memory. Personal Narrative. Life Experience. ResumenIntroducción: El envejecimiento de la población es un gran desafío de la sociedad, cuyas alteraciones cognitivas conducen a una disminución del bienestar y capacidad funcional. La terapia de reminiscencia es una técnica intervencionista que consiste en recuperar recuerdos autobiográficos, asumiendo un papel importante en la rehabilitación cognitiva. Objetivo: Explorar el uso de la terapia de reminiscencia en la práctica del terapeuta ocupacional. Método: Estudio descriptivo, exploratorio, transversal, no probabilístico de una muestra de conveniencia de terapeutas ocupacionales portugueses y brasileños, realizado a través del Google Forms, entre diciembre de 2020 y febrero de 2021. Resultados: De los terapeutas que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión (n = 155), se observó que 76,8% (n = 119) conocían la terapia de reminiscencia y de estos, n = 93 (78,2%) utilizado en su práctica. En cuanto al área de aplicación, destaca la gerontología, especialmente en la demencia y en el mantenimiento de las capacidades cognitivas. En la aplicación de esta técnica se utilizan recursos que estimulan la memoria - conversaciones temáticas, fotografías, música y narrativa personal. Discusión: La terapia de reminiscencia es una técnica con crecimiento en la evidencia científica, siendo utilizada por diversos profesionales. Su aplicación ha mostrado efectos positivos, especialmente en la población geriátrica. Existen programas estructurados validados, aunque su eficacia aún debe demostrarse. Conclusión: A pesar de ser una técnica ampliamente utilizada por los terapeutas ocupacionales, importa aclarar en futuros estudios cómo estos profesionales evalúan su impacto en las habilidades cognitivas, desempeño ocupacional y reestructuración de la vida. Palabras clave: Terapia Ocupacional. Cognición. Memoria. Narrativa Personal. Experiencia de Vida

Non‐invasive telemonitoring improves outcomes in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction : a study in high‐risk patients

© 2020 The Authors. ESC Heart Failure published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.Aims: Non-invasive telemonitoring (TM) in patients with heart failure (HF) and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF) may be useful in the early diagnosis of HF decompensation, allowing therapeutic optimization and avoiding re-hospitalization. We describe a TM programme in this population and evaluate its effectiveness during a 12 month period. Methods and results: We conducted a single-centre study of patients discharged from hospital after decompensated HF, allocated into three groups: prospective TM programme, prospective HF protocol follow-up programme (PFP) with no TM facilities, and retrospective propensity-matched usual care (UC). TM effectiveness was assessed by all-cause hospitalizations and mortality; HF-related hospitalization (HFH), days lost to unplanned hospital admissions/death, functional capacity and quality of life (New York Heart Association, Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire, 6 min walk test, and plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide) were also evaluated. A total of 125 patients were included [65.9 ± 11.9 years, 32% female, left ventricular ejection fraction 27% (21-32)]. TM was similar to PFP regarding effectiveness; TM reduced all-cause hospitalization and mortality (HR 0.27; 95% CI 0.11-0.71; P < 0.01) and HFH (HR 0.29; 95% CI 0.10-0.89; P < 0.05) as compared with UC. TM reduced the average number of days lost due to unplanned hospital admissions or all-cause death as compared with PFP (5.6 vs. 12.4 days, P < 0.05) and UC (5.6 vs. 48.8 days, P < 0.01). Impact on quality of life was similar between TM and PFP (P = 0.36). Conclusions: In patients with HFrEF and recent HF hospitalization, non-invasive TM reduced 12 month all-cause hospitalization/mortality and HFH as compared with usual care. TM also reduced the number of days lost due to unplanned hospital admission/death as compared with either an optimized protocol-based follow-up programme or usual care.This work was supported by National Health System programme with specific budget attributed to non-invasive TM of HF patients. TM was performed in cooperation with Linde Healthcare®, which had no role in the data interpretation or writing of the report. The corresponding author had full access to all the data in the study and had the final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Estudos Artísticos

Há um compromisso entre o artista e a sociedade. Não é possível retirar a arte do seu contexto social. Neste projecto, em que se desafiam os criadores a pesquisar a obra de outros criadores, reúnem-se aqueles artigos que melhor demonstram a responsabilidade e a solidariedade entre os criadores e os seus pares sociais. São obras, artistas, projetos, plataformas de intervenção, projetos que enfatizam as relações sociais como suporte. Sob esta temática geral foram reunidos 25 artigos para este número 6 da Revista Croma, em linhas de exploração variadas e mantendo a elevada internacionalização da revista: mais de noventa por cento das publicações são exógenas à Faculdade de Belas-Artes da Universidade de Lisboa ou do CIEBA, a sua unidade de investigação. Este é um indicador procurado e atingido de modo consistente em todos os exemplares publicados até hoje, e que se espera poder afirmar com continuidade. As diferentes perspetivas apresentadas nos variados artigos expõe a obra de autores que exploram dimensões relacionais ou perante as quais o espectador é convocado a deslocar o seu posicionamento, a desassossegar-se. A implicação surge como resultado da articulação expressiva dos recursos mais variados, em constante mistura, exibindo o modo como as dimensões materiais e ideais são fundadoras das diversas propostas. Nesta revista não há indiferença, há diferenças.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mammals in Portugal: a data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in Portugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with ~26% of all species being included in the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associated with habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mammals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion for marine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems functionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is crucial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublished georeferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mammals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira that includes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occurring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live observations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%), bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent less than 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrows | soil mounds | tunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animal | hair | skulls | jaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8), observation in shelters, (9) photo trapping | video, (10) predators diet | pellets | pine cones/nuts, (11) scat | track | ditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalization | echolocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and 100 m (76%). Rodentia (n =31,573) has the highest number of records followed by Chiroptera (n = 18,857), Carnivora (n = 18,594), Lagomorpha (n = 17,496), Cetartiodactyla (n = 11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n = 7008). The data set includes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened (e.g., Oryctolagus cuniculus [n = 12,159], Monachus monachus [n = 1,512], and Lynx pardinus [n = 197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate the publication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contribute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting on the development of more accurate and tailored conservation management strategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications

Sistema de produção da arquitetura na cidade colonial brasileira: mestres de ofício, "riscos" e "traças"

This paper analyzes the role of master-builders in the practice of architecture in Brazil's colonial towns and cities,with its focus on the method of contracting by stages, and the role of sketches and outlines when designing, erecting and valuing buildings, and for rendering accounts. The notion of a single author is critically examined and the paper points to multiple actors and signatures, analyzes the knowledge required --of practical geometry in particular-- and discusses the dialectical relationship between theory and practice, as well as the tenuous boundaries between erudition and custom

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved