Evolução estratigráfica cenozoica da porção norte da bacia de santos : quantificação do fluxo sedimentar e da subsidência através de análise sísmica e de modelagem estratigráfica

The main objective of this study is to better understand and to quantify experimentally the main parameters that control the geomorphological and stratigraphic evolution of the Cenozoic sedimentary succession of the northeast Santos basin, Brazil, in the last 49.5 my. For this purpose, a variety of combining methologies were used, such as: seismic analysis of a dataset composed of different resolution levels (~7-8 s and ~400 ms penetration), chronostratigraphic and lithological data from 19 exploratory wells and stratigraphic modeling. Seismic analysis and stratigraphic modelling led to the identification of 9 main stratigraphic sequences that could be grouped into 3 megasequences (Megasequences A, B and C): (i) Megasequence A is characterized by deltaic features developed into a ramp feature located between Guanabara Bay and Cabo Frio. The formation of this delta resulted in a sedimentary overcharge that induced the basinward salt migration. The sedimentary input that feeds this delta was interpreted as related to an ancient Paraíba do Sul River that diversion to the Campos basin at the end of the megasequence development, resulting in a dramatically reduce the sedimentary influxes into Santos basin; (ii) Megasequence B is characterized by the retrogradational trend of sedimentary systems that offset offlap break of surfaces developed at 30 and 21 Ma about 78 km landward. This megasequence is also characterized by the beginning of conturites deposition related to the changes of oceanic circulation due to the opening of Drake and Tasmanian passages; (iii) Megasequence C is characterized by progradational systems that resulted in the coastline shift about 70 km oceanwards, in the last 11.5 my. The dominant progradational trend of this sequence is interpreted as a response of the increase in the sedimentary influx rate intensified by the spectral characteristics and amplitude of the glacial-induced eustatic signal that characterizes the Quaternary period.Le principal objectif de cette étude est de mieux comprendre et de quantifier les paramètres et les processus de contrôle de la morphologie et de l’évolution stratigraphique du nord du bassin de Santos pour les derniers 49,5 my. Il s’agit de déconvoluer le signal climatique et tectonique dans l’enregistrement sédimentaire à travers de l’analyse sismique à diverses résolutions (~7-8 s et ~400 ms de penetration), de l’analyse lithologique et le calage chrono stratigraphique des limites de séquence majeures, à partir de 19 forages industriels. La modélisation stratigraphique par Dionisos combinée à nos observations nous a permis de quantifier les paramètres majeurs qui vont contrôler l’architecture sédimentaire à différentes échelles de temps. 9 séquences stratigraphiques sont ainsi identifiées et regroupées en 3 mégaséquences (Mégaséquences A, B et C): (i) La Mégaséquence A est caractérisée par des systèmes deltaïques qui viennent remplir l’espace d’accommodation créé par le fluage du sel vers le bassin entre la baie de Guanabara et Cabo Frio. Le flux sédimentaire qui la nourrit est mis en relation avec le paléo fleuve du Paraíba do Sul qui se deplace vers le bassin de Campos à la fin du development de la Mégaséquence et resulte dans une drastique reduction des flux du bassin de Santos; (ii) La Mégasequence B est caractérisée par la rétrogradation de tous les systèmes sédimentaires comme une réponse directe à la diminution des flux sédimentaires. Cette megasequence est aussi caracterisée par l’implantation des depots contouritiques entre 30 et 21 Ma, problablement liés à des changements dans la circulation oceanique dû a l’ouverture de la passage de Drake et de la Tasmanie (entre 37 et 28 Ma); (iii) La Mégasequence C est caractérisée par une progradation et le déplacement des offlap breaks de 70 km vers l’océan, depuis les derniers 11.5 my comme réponse de l’augmentation de flux sédimentaire qui caractérise le passage à des cycles glacio-eustatiques marqués dans le Quaternaire

Avaliação do resto ingestão de uma UAN institucional em Fortaleza/ Evaluation of the rest ingestion of an institutional UAN in Fortaleza

A quantidade de sobras é um indicador de desperdício, assim como também é um fator que determina a qualidade do serviço de uma UAN e a falta de integração com os clientes. Há vários fatores que podem levar ao aumento de resto ingestão nas UANs, nesse contexto o objetivo dessa pesquisa foi avaliar o índice de resto ingestão e se ele pode estar relacionado às preferências alimentares dos comensais, tendo em vista que algumas preparações são menos aceitas que outras. Este estudo possui uma abordagem quantitativa, de natureza descritiva, foi realizado em uma UAN institucional de Fortaleza – Ce, que fornece diariamente uma média 215 refeições/dia, 135 no almoço e 80 no jantar. A coleta de dados foi realizada ao longo da maior refeição do dia, o almoço, entre os dias 30 de setembro e 11 de outubro de 2019, de segunda a sexta-feira, totalizando 10 dias. A partir dos dados coletados, constatou-se um desperdício relacionado ao resto-ingestão de 37,3Kg de alimentos, representando uma média diária de 3,73kg onde o desperdício total seria capaz de alimentar outros 8 comensais por dia. O dia que teve uma menor quantidade de resto-ingestão foi o dia 08/11/2019, no qual 2,7 Kg foram desperdiçados, onde uma das preparações servidas foi lasanha, que não obteve nenhuma sobra, tanto sobra suja como resto-ingestão. Conclui-se que as combinações e os gostos dos comensais influenciam, visto que nos dias de combinações mais harmoniosas e ao gosto dos comensais, tanto as sobras sujas, como o resto-ingestão foram menores

Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences

The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & Nemésio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; Nemésio 2009a–b; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009; Cianferoni & Bartolozzi 2016; Amorim et al. 2016). This question was again raised in a letter supported by 35 signatories published in the journal Nature (Pape et al. 2016) on 15 September 2016. On 25 September 2016, the following rebuttal (strictly limited to 300 words as per the editorial rules of Nature) was submitted to Nature, which on 18 October 2016 refused to publish it. As we think this problem is a very important one for zoological taxonomy, this text is published here exactly as submitted to Nature, followed by the list of the 493 taxonomists and collection-based researchers who signed it in the short time span from 20 September to 6 October 2016

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Evolution stratigraphique cenozoïc du nord du bassin de santos : quantification du flux sédimentaire et de la subsidence à partir d'analyse sismique et modélisation stratigraphique

Le principal objectif de cette étude est de mieux comprendre et de quantifier les paramètres et les processus de contrôle de la morphologie et de l’évolution stratigraphique du nord du bassin de Santos pour les derniers 49,5 my. Il s’agit de déconvoluer le signal climatique et tectonique dans l’enregistrement sédimentaire à travers de l’analyse sismique à diverses résolutions (~7-8 s et ~400 ms de penetration), de l’analyse lithologique et le calage chrono stratigraphique des limites de séquence majeures, à partir de 19 forages industriels. La modélisation stratigraphique par Dionisos combinée à nos observations nous a permis de quantifier les paramètres majeurs qui vont contrôler l’architecture sédimentaire à différentes échelles de temps. 9 séquences stratigraphiques sont ainsi identifiées et regroupées en 3 mégaséquences (Mégaséquences A, B et C): (i) La Mégaséquence A est caractérisée par des systèmes deltaïques qui viennent remplir l’espace d’accommodation créé par le fluage du sel vers le bassin entre la baie de Guanabara et Cabo Frio. Le flux sédimentaire qui la nourrit est mis en relation avec le paléo fleuve du Paraíba do Sul qui se deplace vers le bassin de Campos à la fin du development de la Mégaséquence et resulte dans une drastique reduction des flux du bassin de Santos; (ii) La Mégasequence B est caractérisée par la rétrogradation de tous les systèmes sédimentaires comme une réponse directe à la diminution des flux sédimentaires. Cette megasequence est aussi caracterisée par l’implantation des depots contouritiques entre 30 et 21 Ma, problablement liés à des changements dans la circulation oceanique dû a l’ouverture de la passage de Drake et de la Tasmanie (entre 37 et 28 Ma); (iii) La Mégasequence C est caractérisée par une progradation et le déplacement des offlap breaks de 70 km vers l’océan, depuis les derniers 11.5 my comme réponse de l’augmentation de flux sédimentaire qui caractérise le passage à des cycles glacio-eustatiques marqués dans le Quaternaire.The main objective of this study is to better understand and to quantify experimentally the main parameters that control the geomorphological and stratigraphic evolution of the Cenozoic sedimentary succession of the northeast Santos basin, Brazil, in the last 49.5 my. For this purpose, a variety of combining methologies were used, such as: seismic analysis of a dataset composed of different resolution levels (~7-8 s and ~400 ms penetration), chronostratigraphic and lithological data from 19 exploratory wells and stratigraphic modeling. Seismic analysis and stratigraphic modelling led to the identification of 9 main stratigraphic sequences that could be grouped into 3 megasequences (Megasequences A, B and C): (i) Megasequence A is characterized by deltaic features developed into a ramp feature located between Guanabara Bay and Cabo Frio. The formation of this delta resulted in a sedimentary overcharge that induced the basinward salt migration. The sedimentary input that feeds this delta was interpreted as related to an ancient Paraíba do Sul River that diversion to the Campos basin at the end of the megasequence development, resulting in a dramatically reduce the sedimentary influxes into Santos basin; (ii) Megasequence B is characterized by the retrogradational trend of sedimentary systems that offset offlap break of surfaces developed at 30 and 21 Ma about 78 km landward. This megasequence is also characterized by the beginning of conturites deposition related to the changes of oceanic circulation due to the opening of Drake and Tasmanian passages; (iii) Megasequence C is characterized by progradational systems that resulted in the coastline shift about 70 km oceanwards, in the last 11.5 my. The dominant progradational trend of this sequence is interpreted as a response of the increase in the sedimentary influx rate intensified by the spectral characteristics and amplitude of the glacial-induced eustatic signal that characterizes the Quaternary period

Architecture and stratigraphic framework of shelf sedimentary systems off Rio de Janeiro state, Northern Santos Basin-Brazil

Seismic analysis of sparker lines of GEOMAR cruises allowed us to address a first stratigraphic scenario for the shallow sedimentary record (~300 msec) of the continental shelf off Rio de Janeiro State, northern Santos basin. Two sets of seismic sequences were identified and interpreted as a succession of depositional sequences induced by repeated glacioeustatic cycles. Depositional sequences composing Set I (SqA-SqC) are dominantly sigmoidal, reflecting periods of increasing accommodation space that favoured the preservation of both aggradational and progradational units; sequences of Set II (Sq1-Sq5) are essentially seaward-thickening stacks of forced-regression wedges, implying periods of declining accommodation space. Comparison between seismic lines and chronostratigraphic data allowed the mapped sequences to be placed within the Plio-Quaternary. Correlations also suggest that most of Set I (SqA and lower portion of SqB) was deposited during the Pliocene (undifferentiated Pliocene), while the upper portion of sequence SqC and sequences of Set II (Sq1-Sq5) have been placed within the Quaternary. Correlation of chronostratigraphic data with &#948;18O isotopic "sea level curves" also supports the hypothesis that sequences Sq1-Sq4 are fourth-order forced-regression sequences that record 100-120 kyr glacioeustatic cycles for the last 440-500 kyr, while sedimentary units labeled Sq5 would represent the transgressive and highstand deposition during the Holocene.<br>A análise sísmica de dados sparker das Operações GEOMAR permitiu a elaboração de um primeiro arcabouço estratigráfico da seção rasa (~300 msec) da plataforma continental do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, norte da bacia de Santos. Dois conjuntos de seqüências sísmicas foram interpretados como seqüências deposicionais induzidas por oscilações glacio-eustáticas. O Conjunto I (SqA-SqC), composto por seqüências dominantemente sigmoidais, reflete condições de geração de espaço de acomodação sedimentar capaz de preservar seus componentes agradacionais-progradacionais; o Conjunto II (Sq1-Sq5), composto principalmente por prismas de regressão forçada, indica diminuição relativa de espaço de acomodação. Dados cronoestratigráficos de poços permitiram posicionar a seção sísmica investigada na janela plio-quaternária: à maior parte do Conjunto I (SqA e parte inferior da SqB) foi atribuída uma idade Plioceno (indiferenciado); à seção estratigráfica que se estende da porção superior da SqC até o Conjunto II foi atribuída uma idade quaternária. A correlação entre a base de dados e curvas globais de variações isotópicas de &#948;18O permitiu ainda sugerir que as seqüências Sq1-Sq4 registram sequências regressivas de quarta ordem (ciclos glacio-eustáticos de cerca de 100-120 ka) durante os últimos 440-500 ka. A sequência Sq5 representaria a deposição holocênica, constituída por depósitos transgressivos e de sistemas de mar alto

An adapted cardioprotective diet with or without phytosterol and/or krill oil supplement in familial hypercholesterolemia: A pilot study protocol

Summary: Background and aims: A healthy diet is one of the pillars of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) treatment. However, the best dietary pattern and indication for specific supplementation have not been established. Our aim is to conduct a pilot study to assess the effect of an adapted cardioprotective diet with or without phytosterol and/or krill oil supplement in participants with a probable or definitive diagnosis of FH, treated with moderate/high potency statins. Methods: A national, multicenter, factorial, and parallel placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial with a superiority design and 1:1:1:1 allocation rate will be conducted. The participants will undergo whole exome sequencing and be allocated into four treatment groups: 1) a cardioprotective diet adapted for FH (DICA-FH) + phytosterol placebo + krill oil placebo; 2) DICA-FH + phytosterol 2 g/day + krill oil placebo; 3) DICA-FH + phytosterol placebo + krill oil 2 g/day; or 4) DICA-FH + phytosterol 2 g/day + krill oil 2 g/day. The primary outcomes will be low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and lipoprotein (a) levels and adherence to treatment after a 120-day follow-up. LDL- and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol subclasses, untargeted lipidomics analysis, adverse events, and protocol implementation components will also be assessed. Results: A total of 58 participants were enrolled between May–August 2023. After the end of the follow-up period, the efficacy and feasibility results of this pilot study will form the basis of the design of a large-scale randomized clinical trial. Conclusions: This study's overall goal is to recommend dietary treatment strategies in the context of FH

AMAZONIA CAMTRAP: A data set of mammal, bird, and reptile species recorded with camera traps in the Amazon forest

The Amazon forest has the highest biodiversity on Earth. However, information on Amazonian vertebrate diversity is still deficient and scattered across the published, peer-reviewed, and gray literature and in unpublished raw data. Camera traps are an effective non-invasive method of surveying vertebrates, applicable to different scales of time and space. In this study, we organized and standardized camera trap records from different Amazon regions to compile the most extensive data set of inventories of mammal, bird, and reptile species ever assembled for the area. The complete data set comprises 154,123 records of 317 species (185 birds, 119 mammals, and 13 reptiles) gathered from surveys from the Amazonian portion of eight countries (Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela). The most frequently recorded species per taxa were: mammals: Cuniculus paca (11,907 records); birds: Pauxi tuberosa (3713 records); and reptiles: Tupinambis teguixin (716 records). The information detailed in this data paper opens up opportunities for new ecological studies at different spatial and temporal scales, allowing for a more accurate evaluation of the effects of habitat loss, fragmentation, climate change, and other human-mediated defaunation processes in one of the most important and threatened tropical environments in the world. The data set is not copyright restricted; please cite this data paper when using its data in publications and we also request that researchers and educators inform us of how they are using these data

Implementation of a Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional (BALANCE) Program for improvement on quality of diet and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events: A randomized, multicenter trial

Background: Appropriate dietary recommendations represent a key part of secondary prevention in cardiovascular disease (CVD). We evaluated the effectiveness of the implementation of a nutritional program on quality of diet, cardiovascular events, and death in patients with established CVD. Methods: In this open-label, multicenter trial conducted in 35 sites in Brazil, we randomly assigned (1:1) patients aged 45 years or older to receive either the BALANCE Program (experimental group) or conventional nutrition advice (control group). The BALANCE Program included a unique nutritional education strategy to implement recommendations from guidelines, adapted to the use of affordable and regional foods. Adherence to diet was evaluated by the modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index. The primary end point was a composite of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, stroke, myocardial revascularization, amputation, or hospitalization for unstable angina. Secondary end points included biochemical and anthropometric data, and blood pressure levels. Results: From March 5, 2013, to Abril 7, 2015, a total of 2534 eligible patients were randomly assigned to either the BALANCE Program group (n = 1,266) or the control group (n = 1,268) and were followed up for a median of 3.5 years. In total, 235 (9.3%) participants had been lost to follow-up. After 3 years of follow-up, mean modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index (scale 0-70) was only slightly higher in the BALANCE group versus the control group (26.2 ± 8.4 vs 24.7 ± 8.6, P <.01), mainly due to a 0.5-serving/d greater intake of fruits and of vegetables in the BALANCE group. Primary end point events occurred in 236 participants (18.8%) in the BALANCE group and in 207 participants (16.4%) in the control group (hazard ratio, 1.15; 95% CI 0.95-1.38; P =.15). Secondary end points did not differ between groups after follow-up. Conclusions: The BALANCE Program only slightly improved adherence to a healthy diet in patients with established CVD and had no significant effect on the incidence of cardiovascular events or death. © 2019 The Author