Two New Species Of Brachycephalus (anura: Brachycephalidae) From The Atlantic Forest In Paraná State, Southern Brazil

Two new species of brachycephalid frogs are described from Pico Marumbi, municipality of Morretes, and Pico da Igreja, municipality of Guaratuba, Paraná State, southern Brazil. The new species share the following attributes: body bufoniform; skin on top of the head, and central part of the back body smooth with no dermal co-ossification; outer metatarsal tubercle distinct; dermal roofing bones of skull unornamented; all paired cranial bones distinct and not fused; quadratojugals, and maxillary odontoids present. The new species from Pico Marumbi is characterized by male SVL = 11.6-12.5 and female SVL = 13.0-14.5 mm; and general color orange with dorsal reddish-brown irregular markings, lateral surfaces with small dark brown spots, and belly with brownish spots and small dots. The new species from Pico da Igreja is characterized by male SVL = 12.6-13.9 and female SVL = 14.6-15.3 mm; and general color orange, lateral surfaces with small dark brown spots, and belly with brownish coalescent spots and small dots. Comparisons with other brachycephalid species and osteological data are provided. © 2006 by The Herpetologists' League, Inc.622221233Austin, J.D., Lougheed, S.C., Tanner, K., Chek, A.A., Bogart, J.P., Boag, P.T., A molecular perspective on the evolutionary affinities of an enigmatic neotropical frog, Allophryne ruthveni (2002) Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 134, pp. 335-346Duarte, L.C., Monteiro, L.R., Von Zuben, F.J., Dos Reis, S.F., Variation in mandible shape in Thrichomys apereoides (Mammalia: Rodentia): Geometric analysis of a complex morphological structure (2000) Systematic Biology, 49, pp. 563-578Frost, D.R., (2004) Amphibian Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 3.0, , http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html, (22 August, 2004). Electronic Database available at, New York, New York, U.S.AGaravello, J.C., Reis, S.F., Strauss, R.E., Geographic variation in Leporinus friderici (Block) (Pisces: Ostariophysi) from the Paraná-Paraguay and Amazon River basins (1992) Zoologica Scripta, 21, pp. 197-200Giaretta, A.A., Sawaya, R.J., Second species of Psyllophryne (Anura: Brachycephalidae) (1998) Copeia, 1998, pp. 985-987Heyer, W.R., Rand, A.S., Cruz, C.A.G., Peixoto, O.L., Nelson, C.E., Frogs of Boracéia (1990) Arquivos de Zoologia, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, 31, pp. 231-1110Izecksohn, E., Novo gênero e nova espécie de Brachycephalidae do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil (1971) Boletim Do Museu Nacional (Zoologia), 280, pp. 1-12Kkzanowski, W.J., (1989) Principles of Multivariate Analysis: A User's Perspective, , Clarendon Press, Oxford, U.KKrzanowski, W.J., Radley, D., Nonparametric confidence and tolerance regions in canonical variate analysis (1989) Biometrics, 45, pp. 1163-1173Lynch, J.D., Duellman, W.E., Frogs of the genus Eleutherodactylus in western Ecuador: Systematics, ecology, and biogeography (1997) The University of Kansas, Natural History Museum, Special Publication, 23, pp. 1-236Miranda-Ribeiro, A., Os brachycephalideos do Museu Paulista (1920) Revistado Museu Paulista, 12, pp. 306-318Pombal Jr., J.P., A new species of Brachycephalus (Anura: Brachycephalidae) from Atlantic rain forest of southeastern Brazil (2001) Amphibia-Reptilia, 22, pp. 179-185Oviposição e desenvolvimento de Brachycephalus ephippium (Spix) (Anura, Brachycephalidae) (1999) Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 16, pp. 967-976Pombal Jr., J.P., Wistuba, E.M., Bornschein, M.R., A new species of Brachycephalid (Anura) from the Atlantic Rain Forest of Brazil (1998) Journal of Herpetology, 32, pp. 70-74Reis, S.F., Duarte, L.C., Monteiro, L.R., Von Zuben, F.J., Geographic variation in cranial morphology in Thrichomys apereoides: I. Geometric descriptors and patterns of variation in shape (2002) Journal of Mammalogy, 83, pp. 333-344Geographic variation in cranial morphology in Thrichomys apereoides: II. Geographic units, morphological discontinuities, and sampling gaps (2002) Journal of Mammalogy, 83, pp. 345-353Ribeiro, L.F., Alves, A.C.R., Haddad, C.F.B., Reis, S.F., Two new species of Brachycephalus from Paraná State, southern Brazil (Anura, Brachycephalidae) (2005) Boletim do Museu Nacional (Zoologia), 519, pp. 1-18Ringrose, T.J., Bootstrapping and correspondence analysis in arachaelogy (1992) Journal of Archeological Science, 19, pp. 615-629Alternative confidence regions for canonical variate analysis (1996) Biometrika, 83, pp. 575-587Ringrose, T.J., Krzanowski, W.J., Simulation study of confidence regions for canonical variate analysis (1991) Statistics and Computing, 1, pp. 41-116Rohlf, F.J., Loy, A., Corti, M., Morphometric analysis of Old World Talpidae (Mammalia, Insectivora) using partial-warp scores (1996) Systematic Biology, 45, pp. 344-362Smithe, F.B., (1975) Naturalist's Color Guide, , American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, U.S.ATaylor, W., Van Dyke, G.C., Revised procedures for staining and clearing small fishes and other vertebrates for bones and cartilage study (1985) Cybium, 9, pp. 107-119Von Zuben, F.J., Duarte, L.C., Stangenhaus, G., Pessôa, L.M., Reis, S.F., Bootstrap confidence regions for canonical variates: Application to studies of evolutionary differentiation (1998) Biometrical Journal, 40, pp. 327-339Yeh, J., The effect of miniaturized body size on skeletal morphology in frogs (2002) Evolution, 56, pp. 628-64

Crossover effects in a discrete deposition model with Kardar-Parisi-Zhang scaling

We simulated a growth model in 1+1 dimensions in which particles are aggregated according to the rules of ballistic deposition with probability p or according to the rules of random deposition with surface relaxation (Family model) with probability 1-p. For any p>0, this system is in the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class, but it presents a slow crossover from the Edwards-Wilkinson class (EW) for small p. From the scaling of the growth velocity, the parameter p is connected to the coefficient of the nonlinear term of the KPZ equation, lambda, giving lambda ~ p^gamma, with gamma = 2.1 +- 0.2. Our numerical results confirm the interface width scaling in the growth regime as W ~ lambda^beta t^beta, and the scaling of the saturation time as tau ~ lambda^(-1) L^z, with the expected exponents beta =1/3 and z=3/2 and strong corrections to scaling for small lambda. This picture is consistent with a crossover time from EW to KPZ growth in the form t_c ~ lambda^(-4) ~ p^(-8), in agreement with scaling theories and renormalization group analysis. Some consequences of the slow crossover in this problem are discussed and may help investigations of more complex models.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures; to appear in Phys. Rev.

Leptospirosis-associated Severe Pulmonary Hemorrhagic Syndrome, Salvador, Brazil

We report the emergence of leptospirosis-associated severe pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome (SPHS) in slum communities in Salvador, Brazil. Although active surveillance did not identify SPHS before 2003, 47 cases were identified from 2003 through 2005; the case-fatality rate was 74%. By 2005, SPHS caused 55% of the deaths due to leptospirosis

Risk of chronic arthralgia and impact of pain on daily activities in a cohort of patients with chikungunya virus infection from Brazil

Objectives: To investigate risk factors for persistent arthralgia in patients with chikungunya, and describe its impact on daily activities. Methods: From September 2014 to July 2016, a surveillance study enrolled patients with acute febrile illness in Salvador, Brazil, and detected those with chikungunya virus infection using IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Telephone follow-ups were performed to ascertain the progression of disease. Results: Of 153 followed cases, 65 (42.5%) reported chronic arthralgia that lasted >3 months, and 47 (30.7%) were still symptomatic at the time of the interview (approximately 1.5 years after symptom onset). Limitations in daily activities and mental distress were reported by 93.8% and 61.5% of those with chronic arthralgia, respectively. Female sex [risk ratio (RR) 1.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.95–2.69] and age (RR 1.02 for each 1-year increase, 95% CI 1.01–1.03) were independent risk factors for chronic arthralgia. Chronic arthralgia was not associated with co-infection with dengue virus (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.48–1.94) or chikungunya viral load at diagnosis (median chikungunya virus RNA of 5.60 and 5.52 log10 copies/μL for those with and without chronic arthralgia, respectively; P = 0.75). Conclusions: These findings reinforce the high frequency of chronic chikungunya arthralgia, and highlight the substantial disability associated with the persistence of pain. Development of novel strategies to mitigate the transmission of chikungunya virus and to provide long-term medical assistance for patients with chikungunya are needed urgently.Fil: Silva, Monaíse M. O.. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Kikuti, Mariana. Universidade Federal da Bahia; Brasil. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Anjos, Rosângela O.. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Portilho, Moyra M.. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Santos, Viviane C.. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Gonçalves, Thaiza S.F.. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Tauro, Laura Beatriz. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú; ArgentinaFil: Moreira, Patrícia S. S.. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Jacob Nascimento, Leile C.. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Santana, Perla M.. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Campos, Gúbio S.. Universidade Federal da Bahia; BrasilFil: Siqueira, André M.. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Kitron, Uriel D.. University of Emory; Estados Unidos. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Reis, Mitermayer G.. University of Yale; Estados Unidos. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; Brasil. Universidade Federal da Bahia; BrasilFil: Ribeiro, Guilherme S.. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; Brasil. Universidade Federal da Bahia; Brasi

Do precocial mammals develop at a faster rate? A comparison of rates of skull development in Sigmodon fulviventer and Mus musculus domesticus

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72993/1/j.1420-9101.2003.00568.x.pd

Search for a W' boson decaying to a bottom quark and a top quark in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

Results are presented from a search for a W' boson using a dataset corresponding to 5.0 inverse femtobarns of integrated luminosity collected during 2011 by the CMS experiment at the LHC in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV. The W' boson is modeled as a heavy W boson, but different scenarios for the couplings to fermions are considered, involving both left-handed and right-handed chiral projections of the fermions, as well as an arbitrary mixture of the two. The search is performed in the decay channel W' to t b, leading to a final state signature with a single lepton (e, mu), missing transverse energy, and jets, at least one of which is tagged as a b-jet. A W' boson that couples to fermions with the same coupling constant as the W, but to the right-handed rather than left-handed chiral projections, is excluded for masses below 1.85 TeV at the 95% confidence level. For the first time using LHC data, constraints on the W' gauge coupling for a set of left- and right-handed coupling combinations have been placed. These results represent a significant improvement over previously published limits.Comment: Submitted to Physics Letters B. Replaced with version publishe