Tunable Surface Plasmon Dynamics

Due to their extreme spatial confinement, surface plasmon resonances show great potential in the design of future devices that would blur the boundaries between electronics and optics. Traditionally, plasmonic interactions are induced with geometries involving noble metals and dielectrics. However, accessing these plasmonic modes requires delicate election of material parameters with little margin for error, controllability, or room for signal bandwidth. To rectify this, two novel plasmonic mechanisms with a high degree of control are explored: For the near infrared region, transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) exhibit tunability not only in "static" plasmon generation (through material doping) but could also allow modulation on a plasmon carrier through external bias induced switching. These effects rely on the electron accumulation layer that is created at the interface between an insulator and a doped oxide. Here a rigorous study of the electromagnetic characteristics of these electron accumulation layers is presented. As a consequence of the spatially graded permittivity profiles of these systems it will be shown that these systems display unique properties. The concept of Accumulation-layer Surface Plasmons (ASP) is introduced and the conditions for the existence or for the suppression of surface-wave eigenmodes are analyzed. A second method could allow access to modes of arbitrarily high order. Sub-wavelength plasmonic nanoparticles can support an infinite discrete set of orthogonal localized surface plasmon modes, however only the lowest order resonances can be effectively excited by incident light alone. By allowing the background medium to vary in time, novel localized surface plasmon dynamics emerge. In particular, we show that these temporal permittivity variations lift the orthogonality of the localized surface plasmon modes and introduce coupling among different angular momentum states. Exploiting these dynamics, surface plasmon amplification of high order resonances can be achieved under the action of a spatially uniform optical pump of appropriate frequency

Dimensionamiento del sistema de bombeo de pulpa mineral desde la etapa final de circuitos colectores de polvo hasta remolienda en la unidad de producción Toquepala

El presente trabajo de suficiencia profesional se centra en el dimensionamiento del sistema de bombeo de pulpa ubicado en la etapa final de los circuitos colectores de polvo, los cuales fueron implementados en los edificios de Silo FB-01 y HPGR, en el área de chancado de la unidad minera Toquepala. Para el dimensionamiento se utilizó la metodología de cálculo del fabricante Weir-Warman de manera directa a través de cálculos manuales, y los resultados fueron validados con el uso de plantillas Excel desarrolladas por la empresa Weir minerals. Al mismo tiempo que se realiza la selección del sistema de bombeo de pulpa, los proveedores expertos en sistemas de colección de polvos, realizan el diseño y montaje de la red de tuberías y sistemas involucrados en la recolección de polvos; y en coordinación con ellos, el cliente nos brinda las especificaciones y criterios de diseño para el dimensionamiento del sistema de bombeo, cumpliendo así con sus requerimientos y necesidades. El desarrollo de la ingeniería para el cálculo y selección de este sistema de bombeo, comenzó a mediados de setiembre del 2018 y a inicios de abril del 2019 el proyecto se terminó de implementar y a operar, el cual además de cumplir con su objetivo principal de mitigar la contaminación ambiental, adiciona la recuperación y reincorporación de material valioso al proceso de remolienda. Con este trabajo, se logró aplicar los conocimientos brindados en la etapa universitaria y aquellos adquiridos durante la experiencia profesional en un proyecto de minería, para dimensionar correctamente estos sistemas de bombeo, dada su importancia y utilidad en el sector minero

Historical notes of the University Student Federation in the medical university of Pinar del Río: first part

Introduction: little research has been done on the origin and development of the University Student Federation, in the province and medical university of Pinar del Río. Going to those who initiated, founded and continued the work of this student organization is a necessary premise to know its history. Objective: to bear witness to the history of FEU in the medical university of Pinar del Río. Methods: theoretical methods such as historical-logical, inductive-deductive and analysis and synthesis, along with empirical methods such as documentary review and testimonial collection. Development: eight professionals from the health sector were interviewed, who ruled the organization during their time as students, compiling mandatory reference material for students, leaders of student organizations and university campus in general, moving from the first representatives of the FEU in the province from 1968 to the present. Conclusions: the achievements of the FEU are undeniable, and are based on the actions of young people who did not drop the conquered flags, not in vain it has been said that history is made by the masses, but also by the men who lead them

Apuntes históricos de la Federación Estudiantil Universitaria en la universidad médica pinareña, primera parte

Introduction: little research has been done on the origin and development of the University Student Federation, in the province and medical university of Pinar del Río. Going to those who initiated, founded and continued the work of this student organization is a necessary premise to know its history.Objective: to bear witness to the history of FEU in the medical university of Pinar del Río.Methods: theoretical methods such as historical-logical, inductive-deductive and analysis and synthesis, along with empirical methods such as documentary review and testimonial collection.Development: eight professionals from the health sector were interviewed, who ruled the organization during their time as students, compiling mandatory reference material for students, leaders of student organizations and university campus in general, moving from the first representatives of the FEU in the province from 1968 to the present.Conclusions: the achievements of the FEU are undeniable, and are based on the actions of young people who did not drop the conquered flags, not in vain it has been said that history is made by the masses, but also by the men who lead them.  Introducción: poco se ha indagado sobre el origen y desarrollo de la Federación Estudiantil Universitaria en la provincia y universidad médica pinareña. Acudir a aquellos que iniciaron, fundaron y continuaron el trabajo de la organización estudiantil constituye premisa impostergable para conocer su historia.Objetivo: testimoniar la historia de la Federación Estudiantil Universitaria en la universidad médica pinareña.Métodos: se utilizaron los métodos teóricos: histórico-lógico, inductivo-deductivo y análisis y síntesis, y métodos empíricos como la revisión documental y recolección testimonial.Desarrollo: se entrevistaron a ocho profesionales del sector salud que dirigieron la organización durante su etapa de estudiantes, se recopiló material de consulta obligada para estudiantes, dirigentes de las organizaciones estudiantiles y campus universitario en general, desde primeros representantes de la Federación Estudiantil Universitaria en la provincia en 1968 hasta la actualidad.Conclusiones: los logros de la Federación Estudiantil Universitaria son innegables, y se sustentan en el accionar de jóvenes que no dejaron caer las banderas conquistadas, no en vano se ha dicho que la historia la hacen las masas, pero también los hombres que las dirigen

Sistema intérprete de lenguas orales y escritas a lenguaje de señas salvadoreño utilizando inteligencia artificial

Presentar el diseño de una herramienta básica destinada a interpretar el lenguaje, basado en las señas usadas en LESSA. Así mismo presentar señas reconocidas y utilizadas por las personas que se comunican mediante el lenguaje de señas, para sentar un precedente que incentive a que más proyectos sean iniciados y puedan seguir creciendo en relevancia y las dificultades de comunicación que afrontan las personas con discapacidad auditiva, ante la limitante del conocimiento del lenguaje

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio

Geographic patterns of tree dispersal modes in Amazonia and their ecological correlates

Aim: To investigate the geographic patterns and ecological correlates in the geographic distribution of the most common tree dispersal modes in Amazonia (endozoochory, synzoochory, anemochory and hydrochory). We examined if the proportional abundance of these dispersal modes could be explained by the availability of dispersal agents (disperser-availability hypothesis) and/or the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits (resource-availability hypothesis). Time period: Tree-inventory plots established between 1934 and 2019. Major taxa studied: Trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 9.55 cm. Location: Amazonia, here defined as the lowland rain forests of the Amazon River basin and the Guiana Shield. Methods: We assigned dispersal modes to a total of 5433 species and morphospecies within 1877 tree-inventory plots across terra-firme, seasonally flooded, and permanently flooded forests. We investigated geographic patterns in the proportional abundance of dispersal modes. We performed an abundance-weighted mean pairwise distance (MPD) test and fit generalized linear models (GLMs) to explain the geographic distribution of dispersal modes. Results: Anemochory was significantly, positively associated with mean annual wind speed, and hydrochory was significantly higher in flooded forests. Dispersal modes did not consistently show significant associations with the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits. A lower dissimilarity in dispersal modes, resulting from a higher dominance of endozoochory, occurred in terra-firme forests (excluding podzols) compared to flooded forests. Main conclusions: The disperser-availability hypothesis was well supported for abiotic dispersal modes (anemochory and hydrochory). The availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits seems an unlikely explanation for the distribution of dispersal modes in Amazonia. The association between frugivores and the proportional abundance of zoochory requires further research, as tree recruitment not only depends on dispersal vectors but also on conditions that favour or limit seedling recruitment across forest types