Excess weight in relation to lifestyle habits in spanish first-year university students: differences between pre- and post-COVID-19—a serial cross-sectional study based on uniHcos project

The objective of this research was to study the relationship between the body weight and diet, physical activity, and other habits among freshmen students by sex, and to determine whether these habits have changed during the post-era of the COVID-19 pandemic. A serial cross-sectional study with data from 11 Spanish universities was carried out. In total, 10,096 first-year university students (73.2% female, mean age = 19.0 ± 1.5 years) completed an online self-administered questionnaire between 2012 and 2022. For some analyses, questionnaires were categorized by the year in which the survey was filled out as Before COVID-19, Lockdown, and New Normal. In total, 72.9% of participants were within the normal weight range, and 17.7% of men and 11.8% of women were overweight (p < 0.001). The students who did not meet the WHO criteria of physical activity, spent more than 7 h per day sitting, and skipped breakfast had a higher prevalence of obesity (p < 0.05). According to the period of study, the prevalence of overweight/obesity Before COVID-19 was 16.1% (95% CI: 15.4–16.9%), while in Lockdown the prevalence was significantly higher (20.2, 95% CI: 17.1–23.8) and in New Normal it was 18.9% (CI: 15.7–22.5). Moreover, the study suggests that during the Lockdown period, there was a reduction in the practice of physical activity and an increase in the prevalence of a healthy diet. For all these, it is necessary to propose public health interventions that improve the lifestyles of university students.Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad | Ref. 2010|145Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad | Ref. 2013|034Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad | Ref. 2020|030Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad | Ref. PI16/0194

Risk factors for non-diabetic renal disease in diabetic patients

Background. Diabetic patients with kidney disease have a high prevalence of non-diabetic renal disease (NDRD). Renal and patient survival regarding the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) or NDRD have not been widely studied. The aim of our study is to evaluate the prevalence of NDRD in patients with diabetes and to determine the capacity of clinical and analytical data in the prediction of NDRD. In addition, we will study renal and patient prognosis according to the renal biopsy findings in patients with diabetes. Methods. Retrospective multicentre observational study of renal biopsies performed in patients with diabetes from 2002 to 2014. Results. In total, 832 patients were included: 621 men (74.6%), mean age of 61.7 6 12.8 years, creatinine was 2.8 6 2.2 mg/dL and proteinuria 2.7 (interquartile range: 1.2–5.4) g/24 h. About 39.5% (n ¼ 329) of patients had DN, 49.6% (n ¼ 413) NDRD and 10.8% (n ¼ 90) mixed forms. The most frequent NDRD was nephroangiosclerosis (NAS) (n ¼ 87, 9.3%). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, older age [odds ratio (OR) ¼ 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02–1.05, P < 0.001], microhaematuria (OR ¼ 1.51, 95% CI: 1.03–2.21, P ¼ 0.033) and absence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) (OR ¼ 0.28, 95% CI: 0.19–0.42, P < 0.001) were independently associated with NDRD. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that patients with DN or mixed forms presented worse renal prognosis than NDRD (P < 0.001) and higher mortality (P ¼ 0.029). In multivariate Cox analyses, older age (P < 0.001), higher serum creatinine (P < 0.001), higher proteinuria (P < 0.001), DR (P ¼ 0.007) and DN (P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for renal replacement therapy. In addition, older age (P < 0.001), peripheral vascular disease (P ¼ 0.002), higher creatinine (P ¼ 0.01) and DN (P ¼ 0.015) were independent risk factors for mortality. Conclusions. The most frequent cause of NDRD is NAS. Elderly patients with microhaematuria and the absence of DR are the ones at risk for NDRD. Patients with DN presented worse renal prognosis and higher mortality than those with NDRD. These results suggest that in some patients with diabetes, kidney biopsy may be useful for an accurate renal diagnosis and subsequently treatment and prognosis

Evaluating Person-Centred Integrated Care to People with Complex Chronic Conditions: Early Implementation Results of the ProPCC Programme

Introduction: The evaluation of integrated care programmes for high-need high-cost older people is a challenge. We aim to share the early implementation results of the ProPCC programme in the North-Barcelona metropolitan area, in Catalonia, Spain. Methods: We analysed the intervention with retrospective data from May 2018 to December 2021 by describing the cohort complexity and by showing its 6-months pre-post impact on time spent at home and resources used: primary care visits, emergency department visits, hospital admissions and hospital stay. Findings: 264 cases were included (91% at home; 9% in nursing homes). 6-month pre vs. 6-months post results were (mean, p-value): primary care visits 8.2 vs. 11.5 (p < 0.05); emergency department visits 1.4 vs. 0.9 (p < 0.05); hospital admissions 0.7 vs. 0.5 (p < 0.05); hospital stay 12.8 vs. 7.9 days (p < 0.05). Time spent at home was 169.2 vs.174.2 days (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Early implementation of the ProPCC programme results in an increase in time spent at home (up to 3%) and significant reductions in emergency department attendance (–37.2%) and hospital stays (–38.3%). The increased use of primary care resources is compensated by the hospital resources savings, with a result in the average total cost of –46.3%

Reproducibility in the absence of selective reporting : An illustration from large-scale brain asymmetry research

Altres ajuts: Max Planck Society (Germany).The problem of poor reproducibility of scientific findings has received much attention over recent years, in a variety of fields including psychology and neuroscience. The problem has been partly attributed to publication bias and unwanted practices such as p-hacking. Low statistical power in individual studies is also understood to be an important factor. In a recent multisite collaborative study, we mapped brain anatomical left-right asymmetries for regional measures of surface area and cortical thickness, in 99 MRI datasets from around the world, for a total of over 17,000 participants. In the present study, we revisited these hemispheric effects from the perspective of reproducibility. Within each dataset, we considered that an effect had been reproduced when it matched the meta-analytic effect from the 98 other datasets, in terms of effect direction and significance threshold. In this sense, the results within each dataset were viewed as coming from separate studies in an "ideal publishing environment," that is, free from selective reporting and p hacking. We found an average reproducibility rate of 63.2% (SD = 22.9%, min = 22.2%, max = 97.0%). As expected, reproducibility was higher for larger effects and in larger datasets. Reproducibility was not obviously related to the age of participants, scanner field strength, FreeSurfer software version, cortical regional measurement reliability, or regional size. These findings constitute an empirical illustration of reproducibility in the absence of publication bias or p hacking, when assessing realistic biological effects in heterogeneous neuroscience data, and given typically-used sample sizes

Centrality evolution of the charged-particle pseudorapidity density over a broad pseudorapidity range in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76TeV

Peer reviewe

Caracterización clínico-epidemiológica de pacientes pediátricos con intento suicida en el Hospital Pediátrico Provincial de Holguín

Fundamento: los intentos de suicidio en edades pediátricas son un problema actual con tendencia creciente a nivel mundial. Este grupo es muy vulnerable a la acción de factores internos y externos que alteran su integridad. En Cuba, a pesar de los logros obtenidos en ese sentido, también se considera como un problema de salud mental.Objetivo: caracterizar desde el punto de vista clínico y epidemiológico a pacientes pediátricos con intento suicida.Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y de corte transversal, en el Hospital Pediátrico Provincial Octavio Concepción y de la Pedraja, de la provincia de Holguín, en el periodo enero/2020-diciembre/2021. Se trabajó con la totalidad del universo, conformado por 397 pacientes atendidos en la institución hospitalaria por intento suicida en el periodo de estudio. Las variables estudiadas fueron: edad, sexo, procedencia y método utilizado. Se empleó la estadística descriptiva.Resultados: predominaron los pacientes con edades entre 16 y 18 años (48,4 %), del sexo femenino (74,6 %) y de procedencia urbana (70,3 %). El 92,2 % utilizó como método de suicidio la ingestión de psicofármacos.Conclusiones: las variables estudiadas se comportan de forma similar a lo descrito en otras poblaciones y contextos, en los cuales también predominaron las adolescentes de procedencia urbana que ingirieron psicofármacos.</p

Traumatismo craneoencefálico de pacientes pediátricos en una unidad de cuidados intensivos

Introducción: El traumatismo craneoencefálico de pacientes pediátricos constituye un grave problema de salud pública en la actualidad, debido a sus importantes implicaciones, secuelas físicas y neurológicas, a mediano y corto plazo.Objetivo: Caracterizar desde el punto de vista clinicoepidemiológico a pacientes pediátricos con traumatismo craneoencefálico, en la unidad de cuidados intensivos del Hospital Pediátrico Provincial "Octavio de la Concepción de la Pedraja", de la provincia de Holguín.Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo de corte transversal, entre enero de 2019 y diciembre de 2021. El universo estuvo conformado por 38 pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión de la investigación. Se trabajó con la totalidad del universo. Se empleó la estadística descriptiva.Resultados: Predominaron los pacientes en grupo de edades de 6 -10 años y 11-15 años (ambos grupos, con un 28,9 % cada uno), del sexo masculino (52,6 %) y de procedencia urbana (57,9 %). La principal causa de los traumatismos craneoencefálicos fueron las caídas de alturas (50 %). El 50 % presentó un trauma moderado. La estadía en la unidad de cuidados intensivos de dos a cinco días fue más frecuente (57,9 %). La mayor cantidad de pacientes no presentó complicaciones (60,5 %), pero los desequilibrios hidroelectrolíticos fueron las más frecuentes (23,7 %). Se tuvo registro de cuatro pacientes fallecidos (10,5 %).Conclusiones: Los traumatismos moderados causados por caídas de alturas son más frecuentes en niños entre 6 y 15 años. Las complicaciones son poco comunes y la evolución es favorable

Evaluación del impacto en cuidadores de usuarios del Servicio de Ayuda a Domicilio

El problema del envejecimiento está despertando inquietudes tanto en los Gobiernos como entre los investigadores, y uno de los aspectos que más preocupa es la situación de los ancianos enfermos de larga duración y aquellos otros que viven solos o que sus familias no pueden prestarle las atenciones debidas, par ello se han creado programas de atención que procuran servicios domiciliarios, dentro de estos servicios se encuentra el Servicio de Ayuda a Domicilio que tiene el objetivo importante de evitar el desarraigo de los ancianos, el que tengan que marcharse de sus casas, proporcionándoles una serie de tareas domésticas, ayudando a las familias en la higiene y cuidados personales del usuario y otro tipo de tareas, sin embargo, a pesar de haber estudiado el proceso y desarrollo de este servicio, en este trabajo se presenta un análisis desde la perspectiva de los familiares que de forma directa e indirecta se benefician de esta prestación. Se pretende medir el nivel de impacto que el servicio de ayuda a domicilio les ha proporcionado

EVALUACIÓN DEL IMPACTO EN CUIDADORES DE USUARIOS DEL SERVICIO DE AYUDA A DOMICILIO

The problem of the aging is waking up restlessness as much in the Governments as among the investigators, and one of the aspects that more it worries it is the situation of the sick old men of long duration and those other ones that live alone or that its families cannot pay him the due, even attentions they have been created it programs of attention that offer domiciliary services, inside these services he/she is the Service of Help to Home that has the important objective of avoiding the I eradicate of the old men, the one that have to leave of their houses, providing them a series of domestic tasks, helping to the families in the hygiene and the user's personal cares and another type of tasks, however, in spite of having studied the process and development of this service, in this work an analysis is presented from the perspective of the relatives that you/they benefit of this benefit of direct form and insinuation. It is sought to measure the impact level that the service of help to home has provided them.El problema del envejecimiento está despertando inquietudes tanto en los Gobiernos como entre los investigadores, y uno de los aspectos que más preocupa es la situación de los ancianos enfermos de larga duración y aquellos otros que viven solos o que sus familias no pueden prestarle las atenciones debidas, par ello se han creado programas de atención que procuran servicios domiciliarios, dentro de estos servicios se encuentra el Servicio de Ayuda a Domicilio que tiene el objetivo importante de evitar el desarraigo de los ancianos, el que tengan que marcharse de sus casas, proporcionándoles una serie de tareas domésticas, ayudando a las familias en la higiene y cuidados personales del usuario y otro tipo de tareas, sin embargo, a pesar de haber estudiado el proceso y desarrollo de este servicio, en este trabajo se presenta un análisis desde la perspectiva de los familiares que de forma directa e indirecta se benefician de esta prestación. Se pretende medir el nivel de impacto que el servicio de ayuda a domicilio les ha proporcionado