5 research outputs found
Global age-sex-specific fertility, mortality, healthy life expectancy (HALE), and population estimates in 204 countries and territories, 1950-2019 : a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- Author
- Abbafati Cristiana
- Abbas Kaja M.
- Abbasi Mohammad
- Abbasi-Kangevari Mohsen
- Abbasifard Mitra
- Abbastabar Hedayat
- Abd-Allah Foad
- Abdelalim Ahmed
- Abdollahi Mohammad
- Abdollahpour Ibrahim
- Abedi Aidin
- Abedi Parisa
- Abegaz Kedir H.
- Abolhassani Hassan
- Abosetugn Akine E.
- Aboyans Victor
- Abrams Elissa M.
- Abreu Lucas G.
- Abrigo Michael R. M.
- Abu Haimed Abdulaziz K.
- Abu-Gharbieh Eman
- Abu-Raddad Laith J.
- Abualhasan Ahmed
- Abushouk Abdelrahman I.
- Acebedo Alyssa
- Ackerman Ilana N.
- Adabi Maryam
- Adair Tim
- Adamu Abdu A.
- Adebayo Oladimeji M.
- Adedeji Isaac A.
- Adekanmbi Victor
- Adelson Jaimie D.
- Adeoye Abiodun M.
- Adetokunboh Olatunji O.
- Adham Davoud
- Advani Shailesh M.
- Afarideh Mohsen
- Afshari Mahdi
- Afshin Ashkan
- Agardh Emilie E.
- Agarwal Gina
- Agasthi Pradyumna
- Agesa Kareha M.
- Aghaali Mohammad
- Aghamir Seyed M.
- Agrawal Anurag
- Ahmad Tauseef
- Ahmadi Alireza
- Ahmadi Keivan
- Ahmadi Mehdi
- Ahmadieh Hamid
- Ahmadpour Ehsan
- Ahmed Muktar B.
- Aji Budi
- Akalu Temesgen Y.
- Akinyemi Rufus O.
- Akinyemiju Tomi
- Akombi Blessing J.
- Akunna Chisom J.
- Al-Aly Ziyad
- Al-Mekhlaf Hesham M.
- Al-Raddadi Rajaa
- Alahdab Fares
- Alam Khurshid
- Alam Noore
- Alam Samiah
- Alam Tahiya
- Alanezi Fahad M.
- Alanzi Turki M.
- Albertson Samuel B.
- Alcalde-Rabanal Jacqueline E.
- Alema Niguse M.
- Alemu Biresaw W.
- Alemu Yihun M.
- Alhabib Khalid F.
- Alhassan Robert K.
- Ali Muhammad
- Ali Saqib
- Alicandro Gianfranco
- Alijanzadeh Mehran
- Alinia Cyrus
- Alipour Vahid
- Alizade Hesam
- Aljunid Syed M.
- Alla François
- Allebeck Peter
- Almadi Majid A.
- Almasi Ali
- Almasi-Hashiani Amir
- Almasri Nihad A.
- Almulhim Abdulaziz M.
- Alonso Jordi
- Altirkawi Khalid A.
- Alumran Arwa K.
- Alvis-Guzman Nelson
- Alvis-Zakzuk Nelson J.
- Amare Azmeraw T.
- Amare Bekalu
- Amini Saeed
- Amini-Rarani Mostafa
- Aminorroaya Arya
- Amiri Fatemeh
- Amit Arianna M.
- Amugsi Dickson A.
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- Anbesu Etsay W.
- Ancuceanu Robert
- Anderlini Deanna
- Anderson Jason A.
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- Prakash Sanjay
- Prakash V.
- Prasad Narayan
- Preotescu Liliana
- Pribadi Dimas R.
- Pupillo Elisabetta
- Quazi Syed Zahiruddin
- Rabiee Mohammad
- Rabiee Navid
- Radfar Amir
- Rafiee Ata
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- Rahim Fakher
- Rahimi-Movaghar Afarin
- Rahman Mohammad H.
- Rahman Muhammad A.
- Rajabpour-Sanati Ali
- Rajati Fatemeh
- Rakovac Ivo
- Ram Pradhum
- Ramezanzadeh Kiana
- Rana Saleem M.
- Ranabhat Chhabi L.
- Ranta Annemarei
- Rao Puja C.
- Rao Sowmya J.
- Rasella Davide
- Rashedi Vahid
- Rastogi Prateek
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- Rathi Priya
- Rawaf David L.
- Rawaf Salman
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- Reiner Robert C.
- Reinig Nickolas
- Reitsma Marissa B.
- Remuzzi Giuseppe
- Renjith Vishnu
- Renzaho Andre M. N. (R17978)
- Ärnlöv Johan
- Øverland Simon
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2020
- Field of study
Background: Accurate and up-to-date assessment of demographic metrics is crucial for understanding a wide range of social, economic, and public health issues that affect populations worldwide. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 produced updated and comprehensive demographic assessments of the key indicators of fertility, mortality, migration, and population for 204 countries and territories and selected subnational locations from 1950 to 2019.
Methods: 8078 country-years of vital registration and sample registration data, 938 surveys, 349 censuses, and 238 other sources were identified and used to estimate age-specific fertility. Spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression (ST-GPR) was used to generate age-specific fertility rates for 5-year age groups between ages 15 and 49 years. With extensions to age groups 10–14 and 50–54 years, the total fertility rate (TFR) was then aggregated using the estimated age-specific fertility between ages 10 and 54 years. 7417 sources were used for under-5 mortality estimation and 7355 for adult mortality. ST-GPR was used to synthesise data sources after correction for known biases. Adult mortality was measured as the probability of death between ages 15 and 60 years based on vital registration, sample registration, and sibling histories, and was also estimated using ST-GPR. HIV-free life tables were then estimated using estimates of under-5 and adult mortality rates using a relational model life table system created for GBD, which closely tracks observed age-specific mortality rates from complete vital registration when available. Independent estimates of HIV-specific mortality generated by an epidemiological analysis of HIV prevalence surveys and antenatal clinic serosurveillance and other sources were incorporated into the estimates in countries with large epidemics. Annual and single-year age estimates of net migration and population for each country and territory were generated using a Bayesian hierarchical cohort component model that analysed estimated age-specific fertility and mortality rates along with 1250 censuses and 747 population registry years. We classified location-years into seven categories on the basis of the natural rate of increase in population (calculated by subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate) and the net migration rate. We computed healthy life expectancy (HALE) using years lived with disability (YLDs) per capita, life tables, and standard demographic methods. Uncertainty was propagated throughout the demographic estimation process, including fertility, mortality, and population, with 1000 draw-level estimates produced for each metric. Findings: The global TFR decreased from 2·72 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 2·66–2·79) in 2000 to 2·31 (2·17–2·46) in 2019. Global annual livebirths increased from 134·5 million (131·5–137·8) in 2000 to a peak of 139·6 million (133·0–146·9) in 2016. Global livebirths then declined to 135·3 million (127·2–144·1) in 2019. Of the 204 countries and territories included in this study, in 2019, 102 had a TFR lower than 2·1, which is considered a good approximation of replacement-level fertility. All countries in sub-Saharan Africa had TFRs above replacement level in 2019 and accounted for 27·1% (95% UI 26·4–27·8) of global livebirths. Global life expectancy at birth increased from 67·2 years (95% UI 66·8–67·6) in 2000 to 73·5 years (72·8–74·3) in 2019. The total number of deaths increased from 50·7 million (49·5–51·9) in 2000 to 56·5 million (53·7–59·2) in 2019. Under-5 deaths declined from 9·6 million (9·1–10·3) in 2000 to 5·0 million (4·3–6·0) in 2019. Global population increased by 25·7%, from 6·2 billion (6·0–6·3) in 2000 to 7·7 billion (7·5–8·0) in 2019. In 2019, 34 countries had negative natural rates of increase; in 17 of these, the population declined because immigration was not sufficient to counteract the negative rate of decline. Globally, HALE increased from 58·6 years (56·1–60·8) in 2000 to 63·5 years (60·8–66·1) in 2019. HALE increased in 202 of 204 countries and territories between 2000 and 2019
Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- Author
- Abbafati Cristiana
- Abbas Kaja M.
- Abbasi Mohammad
- Abbasi-Kangevari Mohsen
- Abbasifard Mitra
- Abbastabar Hedayat
- Abd El Razek Hassan Magdy
- Abd El Razek Muhammed Magdy
- Abd-Allah Foad
- Abdelalim Ahmed
- Abdollahi Mohammad
- Abdollahpour Ibrahim
- Abdulkader Rizwan Suliankatchi
- Abdullah Kanaan Hamagharib
- Abedi Aidin
- Abedi Parisa
- Abegaz Kedir Hussein
- Abolhassani Hassan
- Abosetugn Akine Eshete
- Aboyans Victor
- Abrams Elissa M.
- Abreu Lucas Guimaraes
- Abrigo Michael R. M.
- Abu Haimed Abdulaziz Khalid
- Abu-Gharbieh Eman
- Abu-Raddad Laith Jamal
- Abualhasan Ahmed
- Abushouk Abdelrahman I.
- Acebedo Alyssa
- Ackerman Ilana N.
- Adabi Maryam
- Adair Tim
- Adamu Abdu A.
- Adebayo Oladimeji M.
- Adedeji Isaac Akinkunmi
- Adekanmbi Victor
- Adelson Jaimie D.
- Adeoye Abiodun Moshood
- Adetokunboh Olatunji O.
- Adham Davoud
- Advani Shailesh M.
- Afarideh Mohsen
- Afshari Mahdi
- Afshin Ashkan
- Agardh Emilie E.
- Agarwal Gina
- Agasthi Pradyumna
- Agesa Kareha M.
- Aghaali Mohammad
- Aghamir Seyed Mohammad Kazem
- Agrawal Anurag
- Ahmad Tauseef
- Ahmadi Alireza
- Ahmadi Keivan
- Ahmadi Mehdi
- Ahmadieh Hamid
- Ahmadpour Ehsan
- Ahmed Muktar Beshir
- Aji Budi
- Akalu Temesgen Yihunie
- Akinyemi Rufus Olusola
- Akinyemiju Tomi
- Akombi Blessing
- Akunna Chisom Joyqueenet
- Al-Aly Ziyad
- Al-Mekhlafi Hesham M.
- Al-Raddadi Rajaa M.
- Alahdab Fares
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- Ali Saqib
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- Alijanzadeh Mehran
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- Yu Yong
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- Yusefzadeh Hasan
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- Zewdie Kaleab Alemayehu
- Zhang Jianrong
- Zhang Yunquan
- Zhang Zhi-Jiang
- Zhao Jeff T.
- Zhao Xiu-Ju George
- Zhao Yingxi
- Zheleva Bistra
- Zheng Peng
- Zhou Maigeng
- Zhu Cong
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- Zlavog Bianca S.
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- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2020
- Field of study
Background: In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of diseases and injuries. Methods: GBD estimates incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to 369 diseases and injuries, for two sexes, and for 204 countries and territories. Input data were extracted from censuses, household surveys, civil registration and vital statistics, disease registries, health service use, air pollution monitors, satellite imaging, disease notifications, and other sources. Cause-specific death rates and cause fractions were calculated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model and spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression. Cause-specific deaths were adjusted to match the total all-cause deaths calculated as part of the GBD population, fertility, and mortality estimates. Deaths were multiplied by standard life expectancy at each age to calculate YLLs. A Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, was used to ensure consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, excess mortality, and cause-specific mortality for most causes. Prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights for mutually exclusive sequelae of diseases and injuries to calculate YLDs. We considered results in the context of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and fertility rate in females younger than 25 years. Uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated for every metric using the 25th and 975th ordered 1000 draw values of the posterior distribution. Findings: Global health has steadily improved over the past 30 years as measured by age-standardised DALY rates. After taking into account population growth and ageing, the absolute number of DALYs has remained stable. Since 2010, the pace of decline in global age-standardised DALY rates has accelerated in age groups younger than 50 years compared with the 1990–2010 time period, with the greatest annualised rate of decline occurring in the 0–9-year age group. Six infectious diseases were among the top ten causes of DALYs in children younger than 10 years in 2019: lower respiratory infections (ranked second), diarrhoeal diseases (third), malaria (fifth), meningitis (sixth), whooping cough (ninth), and sexually transmitted infections (which, in this age group, is fully accounted for by congenital syphilis; ranked tenth). In adolescents aged 10–24 years, three injury causes were among the top causes of DALYs: road injuries (ranked first), self-harm (third), and interpersonal violence (fifth). Five of the causes that were in the top ten for ages 10–24 years were also in the top ten in the 25–49-year age group: road injuries (ranked first), HIV/AIDS (second), low back pain (fourth), headache disorders (fifth), and depressive disorders (sixth). In 2019, ischaemic heart disease and stroke were the top-ranked causes of DALYs in both the 50–74-year and 75-years-and-older age groups. Since 1990, there has been a marked shift towards a greater proportion of burden due to YLDs from non-communicable diseases and injuries. In 2019, there were 11 countries where non-communicable disease and injury YLDs constituted more than half of all disease burden. Decreases in age-standardised DALY rates have accelerated over the past decade in countries at the lower end of the SDI range, while improvements have started to stagnate or even reverse in countries with higher SDI. Interpretation: As disability becomes an increasingly large component of disease burden and a larger component of health expenditure, greater research and developm nt investment is needed to identify new, more effective intervention strategies. With a rapidly ageing global population, the demands on health services to deal with disabling outcomes, which increase with age, will require policy makers to anticipate these changes. The mix of universal and more geographically specific influences on health reinforces the need for regular reporting on population health in detail and by underlying cause to help decision makers to identify success stories of disease control to emulate, as well as opportunities to improve. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licens
The evolving SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Africa: Insights from rapidly expanding genomic surveillance
- Author
- Aanniz Tarek
- Abar Aden Elmi
- Abbad Anass
- Abdelfattah May
- Abdelhamid W.
- Abdella Saro
- Abdellah Faouzi
- Abdelmjid El Oualid
- Abdelmoula Fatma
- Abdelmoulah F.
- Abderrahmane Maaroufi
- Abderrazak Rfaki
- Abdillahi Idil Salah
- Abdissa Alemseged
- Abdo I.
- Abdoelraheem Mohamed Hassan
- Abe Haruka
- Abebe Markos
- Abechi Priscilla
- Abera Adugna
- Abi Rachid
- Abias Abe G.
- Abichu Getachew
- Abid N.
- Abid Nabil
- Abid Salma
- Abilio Nuro
- Abimbola Sharon
- Abo Shama Noura M
- Abosede O.
- Aboubaker Mohamed Houmed
- Abouelhoda Mohamed
- Abouelnaga S.
- Abualas Elamin
- Abubeker Ramalia Chabi
- Abuelenein Ehab Abdelkader
- Abuzaid Nadir
- Abworo Edward O.
- Ada Diosdado Odjama Nseng
- Addidle Michael
- Adegbola Richard
- Adegnika Akim A.
- Adegnika Ayola Akim
- Adel Abd Monaem
- Adeniji Johnson A.
- Adepetun Tomiwa
- Adesegun A.
- Adesuyi Omoare
- Adetifa Ifedayo M. O.
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- Adewumi Oluwatimilehin
- Adewumi Praise
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- Grant Donald S.
- Grantz Kyra
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- Greninger Alexander
- Guedouar Houssem
- Gueye Abdou Salam
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- Gumbo Hlanai
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- Gutema Gadissa
- Gutierrez Ana V.
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- Gyamfi Jones
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- Hafez Hala
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- Halafawy A.
- Halatoko Jacqueline Wemboo Afiwa
- Halilou Ibrahima
- Hamdani T.N.
- Hamdy M.S.
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- Hamza Ghamaz
- Hamzaoui Zaineb
- Handrick Susann
- Happi Anise N.
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- Harding Doris
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- Hassan Iman Abdillahi
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- Heraud Jean-Michel
- Herring Belinda L.
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- Hussein Salah Eldin
- Ian Lipkin W.
- Ibrahim Muntaser elTayeb
- Ibrahim Samira F.
- Ibrahim Tomade A.M.
- Ige F.A.
- Iguosadolo Nosamiefan
- Ihazmad Hassan
- Ihekweazu Chikwe
- Iknane A.A.
- Imam Zeinab S.
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- Inndi Rui
- Intyre Leigh-Anne MC
- Iranzadeh Arash
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- Ismail A.
- Ismail Arshad
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- Jefferies Sarah
- Jegede-Williams Anu
- Jelly Lauren
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- Jimoh Yusuf
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- Jo Wendy Karen
- JOEL Ireoluwa Yinka
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- Laatiris Abdelkader
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- Liyai Rehema
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- Mohammed Youbi
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- Rumunu John
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- Sathees Saraswathi
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- Schubert Grit
- Seadawy M.G.
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- Seadawy Mohamed Gomaa
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- Shiningavamwe Andreas
- Shipingana Loide
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- Siedner Mark
- Siegfried Nandi
- Sigei Faith
- Sijuwola Ayotunde E.
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- Stoecker Kilian
- Storey Matt
- Strydom Amy
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- Tefera D.A.
- Tefera Dessalegn Abeje
- Tegally Houriiyah
- Tegomoh Bryan
- Tegueni Kokou
- Tei-Maya
- Teka Gizaw
- Tembo John
- Tesfaye Abraham
- Tesfaye Gelanew
- Tesfaye Kassahun
- Tessema Sofonias K.
- Testimony Olumade
- Thiam Aminata Sileymane
- Thilliez Gaetan
- Thiongo K.
- Thomas Van L.
- Tia Alie
- Tinto Halidou
- Tollera Getachew
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- Tomori Oyewale
- Tongo Marcel
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- Umumararungu Esperance
- Umuringa Jeanne d’Arc
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- Ushijima Yuri
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- Victoir Kathleen
- Vida Ahyong
- Vidal Nicole
- Viegas Sofia
- Vincent Grace
- Vinze Anika
- Voegtly Logan J.
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- Waberi Zeinab Ali
- Wadi Amira Suliaman
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- Waitumbi John
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- Wang Jing
- Wang Xiuhua
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- Weldemariam A.G.
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- Werno Anja
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- Wilkinson David
- Wilkinson Eduan
- Williamson Carolyn
- Wilson Shannon
- Woelfel R.
- Wohl Shirlee
- Wolh S.
- Wolter Nicole
- Wuduri Zara
- Wulf Ben
- Wurie I.
- Wurie Isatta
- Xavier Joicymara S.
- Xiang Zuzheng
- Xie Hong
- Yadouleton Anges
- Yadouleton Yahya
- Yakout Mostfa
- Yandoko Rivalyn Nakoune
- Yang Qi
- Yao Kouadio T.
- Yassine Kasmi
- Yassine Zouheir
- Yasuda Jiro
- Yatassaye Bouna
- Yeboah C.
- Yeboah Richmond
- Yeboah-Manu Dorothy
- Yemi Bright K.
- Yiaba Cyrus
- Yiaba Warren Cyrus
- Yu Popova A.
- Yusuf Nyam Itse
- Yusuf Yacob Mohamed
- Zablon J. Matoke D.
- Zablon J.O.
- Zaher Tarek Refaat Elnagdy Raafat
- Zahra El Ansari Fatima
- Zahran Manal Hamdy
- Zekri Abdel-Rahman N.
- Zhang J.
- Zhou Pei
- Zinyowera Sekesai
- Zong Minko O.
- Zongo Arsène
- Zorgani A.
- Zouaki Amal
- Zulu P.
- Zumla Ali
- Zumla Alimuddin
- Zuze Boitumelo
- Publication venue
- 'American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)'
- Publication date
- 07/10/2022
- Field of study
INTRODUCTION
Investment in Africa over the past year with regard to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) sequencing has led to a massive increase in the number of sequences, which, to date, exceeds 100,000 sequences generated to track the pandemic on the continent. These sequences have profoundly affected how public health officials in Africa have navigated the COVID-19 pandemic.
RATIONALE
We demonstrate how the first 100,000 SARS-CoV-2 sequences from Africa have helped monitor the epidemic on the continent, how genomic surveillance expanded over the course of the pandemic, and how we adapted our sequencing methods to deal with an evolving virus. Finally, we also examine how viral lineages have spread across the continent in a phylogeographic framework to gain insights into the underlying temporal and spatial transmission dynamics for several variants of concern (VOCs).
RESULTS
Our results indicate that the number of countries in Africa that can sequence the virus within their own borders is growing and that this is coupled with a shorter turnaround time from the time of sampling to sequence submission. Ongoing evolution necessitated the continual updating of primer sets, and, as a result, eight primer sets were designed in tandem with viral evolution and used to ensure effective sequencing of the virus. The pandemic unfolded through multiple waves of infection that were each driven by distinct genetic lineages, with B.1-like ancestral strains associated with the first pandemic wave of infections in 2020. Successive waves on the continent were fueled by different VOCs, with Alpha and Beta cocirculating in distinct spatial patterns during the second wave and Delta and Omicron affecting the whole continent during the third and fourth waves, respectively. Phylogeographic reconstruction points toward distinct differences in viral importation and exportation patterns associated with the Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants and subvariants, when considering both Africa versus the rest of the world and viral dissemination within the continent. Our epidemiological and phylogenetic inferences therefore underscore the heterogeneous nature of the pandemic on the continent and highlight key insights and challenges, for instance, recognizing the limitations of low testing proportions. We also highlight the early warning capacity that genomic surveillance in Africa has had for the rest of the world with the detection of new lineages and variants, the most recent being the characterization of various Omicron subvariants.
CONCLUSION
Sustained investment for diagnostics and genomic surveillance in Africa is needed as the virus continues to evolve. This is important not only to help combat SARS-CoV-2 on the continent but also because it can be used as a platform to help address the many emerging and reemerging infectious disease threats in Africa. In particular, capacity building for local sequencing within countries or within the continent should be prioritized because this is generally associated with shorter turnaround times, providing the most benefit to local public health authorities tasked with pandemic response and mitigation and allowing for the fastest reaction to localized outbreaks. These investments are crucial for pandemic preparedness and response and will serve the health of the continent well into the 21st century
Removal of Congo Red from Aqueous Solutions by Spent Black Tea as Adsorbent
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'Allerton Press'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Five insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- Author
- Abbafati Cristiana
- Abbas Kaja M.
- Abbasi Mohammad
- Abbasi-Kangevari Mohsen
- Abbasifard Mitra
- Abbastabar Hedayat
- Abd El Razek Hassan Magdy
- Abd El Razek Muhammed Magdy
- Abd-Allah Foad
- Abdelalim Ahmed
- Abdollahi Mohammad
- Abdollahpour Ibrahim
- Abdulkader Rizwan Suliankatchi
- Abdullah Kanaan Hamagharib
- Abedi Aidin
- Abedi Parisa
- Abegaz Kedir Hussein
- Abolhassani Hassan
- Abosetugn Akine Eshete
- Aboyans Victor
- Abrams Elissa M.
- Abreu Lucas Guimaraes
- Abrigo Michael R. M.
- Abu Haimed Abdulaziz Khalid
- Abu-Gharbieh Eman
- Abu-Raddad Laith Jamal
- Abualhasan Ahmed
- Abushouk Abdelrahman I.
- Acebedo Alyssa
- Ackerman Ilana N.
- Adabi Maryam
- Adair Tim
- Adamu Abdu A.
- Adebayo Oladimeji M.
- Adedeji Isaac Akinkunmi
- Adekanmbi Victor
- Adelson Jaimie D.
- Adeoye Abiodun Moshood
- Adetokunboh Olatunji O.
- Adham Davoud
- Advani Shailesh M.
- Afarideh Mohsen
- Afshari Mahdi
- Afshin Ashkan
- Agardh Emilie E.
- Agarwal Gina
- Agasthi Pradyumna
- Agesa Kareha M.
- Aghaali Mohammad
- Aghamir Seyed Mohammad Kazem
- Agrawal Anurag
- Ahmad Tauseef
- Ahmadi Alireza
- Ahmadi Keivan
- Ahmadi Mehdi
- Ahmadieh Hamid
- Ahmadpour Ehsan
- Ahmed Muktar Beshir
- Aji Budi
- Akalu Temesgen Yihunie
- Akinyemi Rufus Olusola
- Akinyemiju Tomi
- Akombi Blessing
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- Al-Mekhlafi Hesham M.
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- Defo Barthelemy Kuate
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- Dellavalle Robert Paul
- Demeke Feleke Mekonnen
- Demoz Gebre Teklemariam
- Demsie Desalegn Getnet
- Denova-Gutierrez Edgar
- Dereje Nebiyu Dereje
- Deribe Kebede
- Dervenis Nikolaos
- Desai Rupak
- Desalew Assefa
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- Vollset Stein Emil
- Vongpradith Avina
- Vos Theo
- Vu Giang Thu
- Vujcic Isidora S.
- Vukovic Ana
- Vukovic Rade
- Waheed Yasir
- Wallin Mitchell Taylor
- Walters Magdalene K.
- Wamai Richard G.
- Wang Fang
- Wang Haidong
- Wang Hongbo
- Wang Jiayu
- Wang Yafeng
- Wang Yanzhong
- Wang Yuan-Pang
- Ward Joseph L.
- Watson Alexandrea
- Watson Stefanie
- Wei Jingkai
- Wei Melissa Y. Wei
- Weintraub Robert G.
- Weiss Daniel J.
- Weiss Jordan
- Welay Fissaha Tekulu
- Weldesamuel Girmay Teklay
- Werdecker Andrea
- West J. Jason
- Westerman Ronny
- Whisnant Joanna L.
- Whiteford Harvey A.
- Wiangkham Taweewat
- Wickramasinghe Nuwan Darshana
- Wiens Kirsten E.
- Wijeratne Tissa
- Wilner Lauren B.
- Wilson Shadrach
- Wiysonge Charles Shey
- Wojtyniak Bogdan
- Woldu Gebremariam
- Wolfe Charles D. A.
- Wondmeneh Temesgen Gebeyehu
- Wondmieneh Adam Belay
- Wool Eve E.
- Wozniak Sarah S.
- Wu Ai-Min
- Wu Chenkai
- Wu Junjie
- Wunrow Han Yong
- Xie Yang
- Xu Gelin
- Xu Rixing
- Yadgir Simon
- Yamada Tomohide
- Yamagishi Kazumasa
- Yaminfirooz Mousa
- Yano Yuichiro
- Yaya Sanni
- Yazdi-Feyzabadi Vahid
- Yearwood Jamal A.
- Yeheyis Tomas Y.
- Yeshitila Yordanos Gizachew
- Yilgwan Christopher Sabo
- Yilma Mekdes Tigistu
- Yip Paul
- Yonemoto Naohiro
- Yoon Seok-Jun
- York Hunter W.
- Younis Mustafa Z.
- Younker Theodore Patrick
- Yousefi Bahman
- Yousefi Zabihollah
- Yousefifard Mahmoud
- Yousefinezhadi Taraneh
- Yousuf Abdilahi Yousuf
- Yu Chuanhua
- Yu Yong
- Yuan Chun-Wei
- Yuce Deniz
- Yusefzadeh Hasan
- Zadey Siddhesh
- Zahabi Saleh Salehi
- Zaidi Syed Saoud
- Zaki Leila
- Zaki Maysaa El Sayed
- Zakzuk Josefina
- Zamani Mohammad
- Zamanian Maryam
- Zandian Hamed
- Zangeneh Alireza
- Zarafshan Hadi
- Zastrozhin Mikhail Sergeevich
- Zewdie Kaleab Alemayehu
- Zhang Jianrong
- Zhang Yunquan
- Zhang Zhi-Jiang
- Zhao Jeff T.
- Zhao Xiu-Ju George
- Zhao Yingxi
- Zheleva Bistra
- Zheng Peng
- Zhou Maigeng
- Zhu Cong
- Ziapour Arash
- Zimsen Stephanie R. M.
- Zlavog Bianca S.
- Zodpey Sanjay
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2020
- Field of study