Sustainable import substitution in Russia : institutional conditions and efficiency imperatives

The article is devoted to the essence and relevance of import substitution as an effective strategy of Russian economy’s development within the sanctions’ constraint of Western countries. Authors scoped out the institutional features of sustainable import substitution as an object of the study. Authors highlighted the set of objective factors verifying the economic viability of import substitution and potential threats of these measures as well. Authors arranged the evaluation and analytical tools for studying the dependence on imports’ level in the context of certain industries, goods, and spheres of activity. Moreover, authors clarified the pattern for estimating the need for import substitution in a certain business entity, suggested the institutional conditions and determinants facilitating the best performance of import substitution in Russia. Special attention is given to the viability of choosing the appropriate model, developing tools, and mechanisms for implementing a comprehensive program of import substitution in Russia in the context of a multi-level policy including the following ones: enterprise - industry (cluster) – country’s economy. As a result, authors concluded that the policy of preemptive emerging markets-oriented import substitution aimed at improving the global economic security of Russian economy is crucial for a sustainable balanced development.peer-reviewe

CO Sense and Release Flavonols: Progress toward the Development of an Analyte Replacement PhotoCORM for Use in Living Cells

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a signaling molecule in humans. Prior research suggests that therapeutic levels of CO can have beneficial effects in treating a variety of physiological and pathological conditions. To facilitate understanding of the role of CO in biology, molecules that enable fluorescence detection of CO in living systems have emerged as an important class of chemical tools. A key unmet challenge in this field is the development of fluorescent analyte replacement probes that replenish the CO that is consumed during detection. Herein, we report the first examples of CO sense and release molecules that involve combining a common CO-sensing motif with a light-triggered CO-releasing flavonol scaffold. A notable advantage of the flavonol-based CO sense and release motif is that it is trackable via fluorescence in both its pre- and postsensing (pre-CO release) forms. In vitro studies revealed that the PdCl2 and Ru(II)-containing CORM-2 used in the CO sensing step can result in metal coordination to the flavonol, which minimizes the subsequent CO release reactivity. However, CO detection followed by CO release is demonstrated in living cells, indicating that a cellular environment mitigates the flavonol/metal interactions

Problems and perspectives of formation of agricultural clusters for increasing food security of developing countries

The authors of the article develop the proprietary methodology of integral approach to formation of the projects and programs of socio-economic development, which allows differentiating the sub-system of previously viewed indicators as to the level of users’ demands. The sense of cluster approach to increasing the competitiveness of agro-industrial complex is analyzed, and the problems and perspectives for formation of agricultural clusters for the growth of food security of developing countries are determined. As a result of the research, the authors came to the conclusion that agricultural clusters are a perspective course of increasing food security of developing countries, as they improve competitiveness of domestic agricultural producers and increase food independence and food self-sufficiency of economic systems. However, implementation of internal cluster cooperation requires reconsidering the existing notions of management, related to the level of methods and control, protection of intellectual property, education, and integration. The created system of relations should allow economic agents to keep balance between self-organizing and manageable behavior, combining innovational diversity and freedom of actions with the necessary level of integration. Intercompany cooperation in this regard should be similar to cooperation of ecosystem elements.peer-reviewe

The Interrelation Between Hardiness and Prognostic Potential of Students of Higher Education Institutions

The paper presents the results of an empirical study of specific features and the relationship between hardiness of students and prognostic potential of their personality. The methods of research comprised: theoretical analysis, empirical research (testing), qualitative analysis of the obtained data, mathematical and statistical data processing (SPSS Statistics, Excel). It has been found that students with a high level of prognostic potential development are distinguished by pronounced personality traits typical of hardy people. The authors have proved in the paper that the prognostic potential of students is a holistic system of personality resources, which is based on specific features of thinking and building a secondary image. There are criteria and development levels of the prognostic potential among students: an internal criterion (features of thinking and building secondary images) and an external criterion (the effectiveness of forecasting activities, the conformity of the stages of prognostic activity with the reference model). The prognostic potential is interconnected with personal and professional characteristics of students (features of the intellectual, communicative, emotional-volitional and motivation spheres). There are significant differences between students with different levels of development of prognostic potential according to the main personal and professional features. The correlation analysis of the data gave the following interrelations: there is a direct interrelationship between the level of development of prognostic potential and emotional stability of students; between the level of development of prognostic potential and such motives for studying at a university as professional and educational-cognitive motives; between the level of development of prognostic potential and the features of self-regulation. On the basis of the results of an empirical study, the authors designed a program for the prognostic potential development of students which includes active teaching methods, lectures, and trainings

Importin α7 Is Essential for Zygotic Genome Activation and Early Mouse Development

Importin α is involved in the nuclear import of proteins. It also contributes to spindle assembly and nuclear membrane formation, however, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we studied the function of importin α7 by gene targeting in mice and show that it is essential for early embryonic development. Embryos lacking importin α7 display a reduced ability for the first cleavage and arrest completely at the two-cell stage. We show that the zygotic genome activation is severely disturbed in these embryos. Our findings indicate that importin α7 is a new member of the small group of maternal effect genes

Safety and immunogenicity of rAd26 and rAd5 vector-based heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in healthy adolescents: an open-label, non-randomized, multicenter, phase 1/2, dose-escalation study

To protect young individuals against SARS-CoV-2 infection, we conducted an open-label, prospective, non-randomised dose-escalation Phase 1/2 clinical trial to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of the prime-boost “Sputnik V” vaccine administered at 1/10 and 1/5 doses to adolescents aged 12–17 years. The study began with the vaccination of the older cohort (15-to-17-year-old participants) with the lower (1/10) dose of vaccine and then expanded to the whole group (12-to-17-year-old participants). Next, 1/5 dose was used according to the same scheme. Both doses were well tolerated by all age groups. No serious or severe adverse events were detected. Most of the solicited adverse reactions were mild. No significant differences in total frequencies of adverse events were registered between low and high doses in age-pooled groups (69.6% versus 66.7%). In contrast, the 1/5 dose induced significantly higher humoral and T cell-mediated immune responses than the 1/10 dose. The 1/5 vaccine dose elicited higher antigen-binding (both S and RBD-specific) as well as virus-neutralising antibody titres at the maximum of response (day 42), also resulting in a statistically significant difference at a distanced timepoint (day 180) compared to the 1/10 vaccine dose. Higher dose resulted in increased cross-neutralization of Delta and Omicron variants.;Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04954092, LP-007632

Measurement of the top quark mass using charged particles in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV

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