In-vitro evaluation of antibacterial potential of cyanoacrylate tissue adhesives for intraoral wound closure

Background: Cyanoacrylate tissue adhesives have been used as a substitute to silk for intraoral wound closure. Placement of sutures provides a corridor for accumulation of microorganisms into tissue which leads to infection. Cyanoacrylate-based adhesives exhibit many properties of an ideal wound closure agent, minimizing the problems generated by suturing thread. The antimicrobial properties of cyanoacrylates have been extensively assessed in other fields of medicine. However, there is a dearth in the literature on the antibacterial effect of cyanoacrylates in oral environment against oral microflora. Aim: To assess the antibacterial properties of two commonly used formulations of cyanoacrylate tissue adhesives against oral pathogens. Materials and Methods: Iso-amyl cyanoacrylate and a blend of n-butyl and 2-Octyl cyanoacrylates were applied on sterile filter paper discs and placed on culture plates. Plates for aerobic & anaerobic bacterial cultures were incubated in blood agar & Brain-Heart infusion agar respectively.Following incubation period, the bacterial inhibitory halos were measured in millimeters. In order to evaluate the bactericidal efficacy, samples were collected from the inhibitory halos and re-cultured on new bacterial culture plates. Antibacterial activity was assessed against five bacteria: A.actinomycetemcomitans, P.gingivalis, T.forsythia, L.amylovorus and S.aureus. Statistical analysis used:  The data collected was analysed using Mann Whitney u test. Results: Cyanoacrylates demonstrated potent inhibitory effects against all test organisms. The zones of inhibition against gram positive bacteria were found to be larger than gram negative bacteria. The bactericidal activity of Iso amyl cyanoacrylate was found to be more potent than n-butyl + 2 octyl cyanoacrylate. Conclusions: Due to its potent antibacterial properties, cyanoacrylate tissue adhesives can be considered as appealing alternatives to silk sutures for intraoral wound closure and help prevent postoperative

Centrality evolution of the charged-particle pseudorapidity density over a broad pseudorapidity range in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76TeV

Peer reviewe

Synthesis and anti-bacterial evaluation of 4-aryloxymethyl carbostyrils derived from substructures and degradation products of Vancomycin

637-642<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family: " times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";mso-bidi-font-family:="" mangal;mso-ansi-language:en-gb;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:="" hi"="" lang="EN-GB">Vancomycin has been used as an antibiotic selectively against Gram-positive bacteria; however in the past decade they have grown resistant against it. The present work describes synthesis of a series of 4-aryloxymethyl carbostyrils derived from the reaction of 4-bromomethyl carbostryils with degradation products of Vancomycin (ethyl gallate and ethyl ester of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">N-benzoyl tyrosine ethyl ester). Further, gallate ethers 4a-d and tyrosine ethers 5a-d have been found to be selectively active against Gram-positive bacteria.</span

Expression Profile of Ki-67 in OSMF and Its Possible Correlation with Clinical and Histological Features

Background: Oral submucous fibrosis(OSMF) is a potentially Malignant disorder (PMDs) with characteristic epithelial and connective tissue changes and regarded as possessing a high degree of Malignant potential. Epithelial dysplasia is an important marker of Malignant development from PMDs. Because agreement among oral pathologists is poor regarding lesional diagnosis, Ki-67 as a proliferative marker may have a place in objectively characterizing dysplasia in tissue specimens. Material &amp; Methods: The study groups included 60 patients diagnosed with OSMF based on history and clinical examination. After obtaining the details in regard to habits and clinical manifestations, the subjects were divided into Group IA and Group IB (very early and early stages-Group I A, moderate and advanced stages-Group I B). 30 subjects without an OSMF-negative control group and 30 patients of SCC-positive control. Biopsy was taken and subjected for H&amp;E staining and IHC analysis of Ki-67. Results: The mean count of Ki-67 was determined in OSMF cases with dysplasia and without dysplasia by using t test, mean value of Ki-67 in with dysplasia (37.41) was higher than that of without dysplasia (28.41) with no significant difference (p value = 0.0810)

Protocol to disseminate a hospital-site controlled intervention using audit and feedback to implement guidelines concerning inappropriate treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria

Abstract Background Antimicrobial stewardship to combat the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become a national priority. This project focuses on reducing inappropriate use of antimicrobials for asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB), a very common condition that leads to antimicrobial overuse in acute and long-term care. We previously conducted a successful intervention, entitled “Kicking Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI): the No Knee-Jerk Antibiotics Campaign,” to decrease guideline-discordant ordering of urine cultures and antibiotics for ASB. The current objective is to facilitate implementation of a scalable version of the Kicking CAUTI campaign across four geographically diverse Veterans Health Administration facilities while assessing what aspects of an antimicrobial stewardship intervention are essential to success and sustainability. Methods This project uses an interrupted time series design with four control sites. The two main intervention tools are (1) an evidence-based algorithm that distills the guidelines into a streamlined clinical pathway and (2) case-based audit and feedback to train clinicians to use the algorithm. Our conceptual framework for the development and implementation of this intervention draws on May’s General Theory of Implementation. The intervention is directed at providers in acute and long-term care, and the goal is to reduce inappropriate screening for and treatment of ASB in all patients and residents, not just those with urinary catheters. The start-up for each facility consists of centrally-led phone calls with local site champions and baseline surveys. Case-based audit and feedback will begin at a given site after the start-up period and continue for 12 months, followed by a sustainability assessment. In addition to the clinical outcomes, we will explore the relationship between the dose of the intervention and clinical outcomes. Discussion This project moves from a proof-of-concept effectiveness study to implementation involving significantly more sites, and uses the General Theory of Implementation to embed the intervention into normal processes of care with usual care providers. Aspects of implementation that will be explored include dissemination, internal and external facilitation, and organizational partnerships. “Less is More” is the natural next step from our prior successful Kicking CAUTI intervention, and has the potential to improve patient care while advancing the science of implementation