Mediações teóricas para a análise da financeirização da produção do espaço na América Latina

The article aims to establish dialogical connections between the abstract-theoretical and the concrete-historical planes of the regional and urban manifestations of the financialization process in the capitalist periphery. Referring to the existing literature, it rescues exogenous and endogenous interdependencies that define the specificity of underdevelopment and argues for the need of this analytical interface for an adequate interpretation of space production in Latin American reality. It proposes to qualify the political, economic, social and geographic reach of the contemporary hegemony of interest-bearing capital and highlights the relational, procedural and mediators aspects that imbricate such dimensions in a transscalar approach, based on Brazilian case. It argues that the subsumption of the environment built by the process of financialization deepens the selectivity, the fragmentation, and the exclusion typical of peripheral spatiality.O artigo objetiva estabelecer conexões dialógicas entre o plano abstrato-teórico e concreto-histórico das manifestações regionais e urbanas do processo de financeirização na periferia capitalista. Referenciando-se na literatura existente, resgata as interdependências exógenas e endógenas que definem a especificidade do subdesenvolvimento e argumentam pela necessidade dessa interface analítica para uma adequada interpretação da produção do espaço na realidade latino-americana. Propõe qualificar o alcance político, econômico, social e geográfico da hegemonia contemporânea do capital portador de juros e evidencia os aspectos relacionais, processuais e mediadores que imbricam tais dimensões em uma abordagem transescalar, baseada no caso brasileiro. Argumenta que a seletividade, a fragmentação e a exclusão típicas da espacialidade periférica são aprofundadas pela subsunção do ambiente construído pelo processo de financeirização.O artigo objetiva estabelecer conexões dialógicas entre o plano abstrato-teórico e concreto-histórico das manifestações regionais e urbanas do processo de financeirização na periferia capitalista. Referenciando-se na literatura existente, resgata as interdependências exógenas e endógenas que definem a especificidade do subdesenvolvimento e argumentam pela necessidade dessa interface analítica para uma adequada interpretação da produção do espaço na realidade latino-americana. Propõe qualificar o alcance político, econômico, social e geográfico da hegemonia contemporânea do capital portador de juros e evidencia os aspectos relacionais, processuais e mediadores que imbricam tais dimensões em uma abordagem transescalar, baseada no caso brasileiro. Argumenta que a seletividade, a fragmentação e a exclusão típicas da espacialidade periférica são aprofundadas pela subsunção do ambiente construído pelo processo de financeirização

Production of He-4 and (4) in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV at the LHC

Results on the production of He-4 and (4) nuclei in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 2.76 TeV in the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar <1, using the ALICE detector, are presented in this paper. The rapidity densities corresponding to 0-10% central events are found to be dN/dy4(He) = (0.8 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.3 (syst)) x 10(-6) and dN/dy4 = (1.1 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.2 (syst)) x 10(-6), respectively. This is in agreement with the statistical thermal model expectation assuming the same chemical freeze-out temperature (T-chem = 156 MeV) as for light hadrons. The measured ratio of (4)/He-4 is 1.4 +/- 0.8 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst). (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Infrastructure in Brazil: From Marketization to Emancipation

The trajectory of the Brazilian economy reveals that investments in infrastructure have periodically played a leading role in economic growth strategies and cycles. To examine the multiscale particularities of this framework and supported by the contributions of economic geography and political economy, this paper assumes that to understand the provision of infrastructure in Brazil it is necessary to comprehend the historical-structural changes in the country, as a peripheral economy, which has moved from national-developmentalist (1930s-1980s) towards neoliberalization, since 1990, subordinated to financial capitalism. The paper discusses the provision of infrastructure in a peripheral context and, employing theoretical-conceptual elements, links economic and social infrastructure, State and development. It then analyzes the relationships formed in the infrastructure sector, emphasizing the marketization processes throughout the accumulation of dynamics of Brazilian capitalism. It subsequently considers the resurgence of contradictions that have arisen from providing infrastructure and services for collective consumption within the circumstances of a pandemic. Last, but not least, the paper argues the alternative nature contained within an emancipatory infrastructure in contrast to the hegemonic pattern that has historically entailed the realization of such investments in Brazil

Multiplicity dependence of light (anti-)nuclei production in p–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV

The measurement of the deuteron and anti-deuteron production in the rapidity range −1 < y < 0 as a function of transverse momentum and event multiplicity in p–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV is presented. (Anti-)deuterons are identified via their specific energy loss dE/dx and via their time-of- flight. Their production in p–Pb collisions is compared to pp and Pb–Pb collisions and is discussed within the context of thermal and coalescence models. The ratio of integrated yields of deuterons to protons (d/p) shows a significant increase as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity of the event starting from values similar to those observed in pp collisions at low multiplicities and approaching those observed in Pb–Pb collisions at high multiplicities. The mean transverse particle momenta are extracted from the deuteron spectra and the values are similar to those obtained for p and particles. Thus, deuteron spectra do not follow mass ordering. This behaviour is in contrast to the trend observed for non-composite particles in p–Pb collisions. In addition, the production of the rare 3He and 3He nuclei has been studied. The spectrum corresponding to all non-single diffractive p-Pb collisions is obtained in the rapidity window −1 < y < 0 and the pT-integrated yield dN/dy is extracted. It is found that the yields of protons, deuterons, and 3He, normalised by the spin degeneracy factor, follow an exponential decrease with mass number

Measurement of prompt D0^{0}, D+^{+}, D∗+^{*+}, and DS+ {\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{S}}^{+} production in p–Pb collisions at sNN \sqrt{{\mathrm{s}}_{\mathrm{NN}}} = 5.02 TeV

International audienceThe measurement of the production of prompt D$^{0}$, D$^{+}$, D$^{*+}$, and ${\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{S}}^{+}$ mesons in proton–lead (p–Pb) collisions at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV, with an integrated luminosity of 292 ± 11 μb$^{−1}$, are reported. Differential production cross sections are measured at mid-rapidity (−0.96 < y$_{cms}$< 0.04) as a function of transverse momentum (p$_{T}$) in the intervals 0 < p$_{T}$< 36 GeV/c for D$^{0}$, 1 < p$_{T}$< 36 GeV/c for D$^{+}$ and D$^{*+}$, and 2 < p$_{T}$< 24 GeV/c for D$^{+}$ mesons. For each species, the nuclear modification factor R$_{pPb}$ is calculated as a function of p$_{T}$ using a proton-proton (pp) ref- erence measured at the same collision energy. The results are compatible with unity in the whole p$_{T}$ range. The average of the non-strange D mesons R$_{pPb}$ is compared with theoretical model predictions that include initial-state effects and parton transport model predictions. The p$_{T}$ dependence of the D$^{0}$, D$^{+}$, and D$^{*+}$ nuclear modification factors is also reported in the interval 1 < p$_{T}$< 36 GeV/c as a function of the collision centrality, and the central-to-peripheral ratios are computed from the D-meson yields measured in different centrality classes. The results are further compared with charged-particle measurements and a similar trend is observed in all the centrality classes. The ratios of the p$_{T}$-differential cross sections of D$^{0}$, D$^{+}$, D$^{*+}$, and ${\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{S}}^{+}$ mesons are also reported. The ${\mathrm{D}}_{\mathrm{S}}^{+}$ and D$^{+}$ yields are compared as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity for several p$_{T}$ intervals. No modification in the relative abundances of the four species is observed with respect to pp collisions within the statistical and systematic uncertainties

Global polarization of Λ and Λ hyperons in Pb-Pb collisions at √ s N N = 2.76 and 5.02 TeV

The global polarization of Λ and Λ hyperons is measured for Pb-Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 and 5.02 TeV recorded with the ALICE at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The results are reported differentially as a function of collision centrality and hyperon’s transverse momentum (pT ) for the range of centrality 5–50%, 0.5 < pT < 5 GeV/c, and rapidity |y| < 0.5. The hyperon global polarization averaged for Pb-Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 and 5.02 TeV is found to be consistent with zero, ⟨PH⟩(%)≈0.01±0.06(stat.)±0.03(syst.) in the collision centrality range 15–50%, where the largest signal is expected. The results are compatible with expectations based on an extrapolation from measurements at lower collision energies at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, hydrodynamical model calculations, and empirical estimates based on collision energy dependence of directed flow, all of which predict the global polarization values at LHC energies of the order of 0.01%

Multiplicity dependence of (multi-)strange hadron production in proton-proton collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 13 TeV

The production rates and the transverse momentum distribution of strange hadrons at mid-rapidity ($\left| y\right| < 0.5$) are measured in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV as a function of the charged particle multiplicity, using the ALICE detector at the LHC. The production rates of $\mathrm{K}^{0}_{S}$, $\Lambda$, $\Xi$, and $\Omega$ increase with the multiplicity faster than what is reported for inclusive charged particles. The increase is found to be more pronounced for hadrons with a larger strangeness content. Possible auto-correlations between the charged particles and the strange hadrons are evaluated by measuring the event-activity with charged particle multiplicity estimators covering different pseudorapidity regions. When comparing to lower energy results, the yields of strange hadrons are found to depend only on the mid-rapidity charged particle multiplicity. Several features of the data are reproduced qualitatively by general purpose QCD Monte Carlo models that take into account the effect of densely-packed QCD strings in high multiplicity collisions. However, none of the tested models reproduce the data quantitatively. This work corroborates and extends the ALICE findings on strangeness production in proton-proton collisions at 7 TeV

Production of charged pions, kaons, and (anti-)protons in Pb-Pb and inelastic pppp collisions at sNN\sqrt {s_{NN}} = 5.02 TeV

International audienceMid-rapidity production of $\pi^{\pm}$, $\rm{K}^{\pm}$ and ($\bar{\rm{p}}$)p measured by the ALICE experiment at the LHC, in Pb-Pb and inelastic pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV, is presented. The invariant yields are measured over a wide transverse momentum ($p_{\rm{T}}$) range from hundreds of MeV/$c$ up to 20 GeV/$c$. The results in Pb-Pb collisions are presented as a function of the collision centrality, in the range 0$-$90%. The comparison of the $p_{\rm{T}}$-integrated particle ratios, i.e. proton-to-pion (p/$\pi$) and kaon-to-pion (K/$\pi$) ratios, with similar measurements in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV show no significant energy dependence. Blast-wave fits of the $p_{\rm{T}}$ spectra indicate that in the most central collisions radial flow is slightly larger at 5.02 TeV with respect to 2.76 TeV. Particle ratios (p/$\pi$, K/$\pi$) as a function of $p_{\rm{T}}$ show pronounced maxima at $p_{\rm{T}}$ $\approx$ 3 GeV/$c$ in central Pb-Pb collisions. At high $p_{\rm{T}}$, particle ratios at 5.02 TeV are similar to those measured in pp collisions at the same energy and in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV. Using the pp reference spectra measured at the same collision energy of 5.02 TeV, the nuclear modification factors for the different particle species are derived. Within uncertainties, the nuclear modification factor is particle species independent for high $p_{\rm{T}}$ and compatible with measurements at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV. The results are compared to state-of-the-art model calculations, which are found to describe the observed trends satisfactorily

Λ3H^3_\Lambda\mathrm{H} and Λˉ3H‾^3_{\bar{\Lambda}}\mathrm{\overline{H}} lifetime measurement in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN=\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} = 5.02 TeV via two-body decay

International audienceAn improved value for the lifetime of the (anti-)hypertriton has been obtained using the data sample of Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV collected by the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The (anti-)hypertriton has been reconstructed via its charged two-body mesonic decay channel and the lifetime has been determined from an exponential fit to the d N /d( ct ) spectrum. The measured value, τ=242−38+34 (stat.) ± 17 (syst.) ps, is compatible with representative theoretical predictions, thus contributing to the solution of the longstanding hypertriton lifetime puzzle

Global polarization of ΛΛˉ\Lambda \bar \Lambda hyperons in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN\sqrt {s_{NN}} = 2.76 and 5.02 TeV

International audienceThe global polarization of the $\Lambda$ and $\overline\Lambda$ hyperons is measured for Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 and 5.02 TeV recorded with the ALICE at the LHC. The results are reported differentially as a function of collision centrality and hyperon's transverse momentum ($p_{\rm{T}}$) for the range of centrality 5-50%, $0.5 < p_{\rm{T}} <5$ GeV/$c$, and rapidity $|y|<0.5$. The hyperon global polarization averaged for Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 and 5.02 TeV is found to be consistent with zero, $\langle P_{\rm{H}}\rangle$ (%) $\approx$ 0.01 $\pm$ 0.06 (stat.) $\pm$ 0.03 (syst.) in the collision centrality range 15-50%, where the largest signal is expected. The results are compatible with expectations based on an extrapolation from measurements at lower collision energies at RHIC, hydrodynamical model calculations, and empirical estimates based on collision energy dependence of directed flow, all of which predict the global polarization values at LHC energies of the order of 0.01%